Sections: Sports at school and children's health

The program of the elective course in physical culture "OFP" was developed for students of grade 9 profile level taking into account the physical development of students, the possibilities of the sports base and based on the requirements for students graduating from basic general education and is designed for 34 hours or 1 hour per week.

Purpose: increasing the motor activity of students, the formation of the foundations healthy lifestyle life, general health.

• to teach the student how to creatively apply the acquired knowledge, skills and abilities to maintain a high level of physical and mental performance, health status, improve the formed competencies;
• improvement of specific motor actions, development of motor abilities, formation of skills to train independently and carry out physical culture and health and sports activities; ?
• enable the student to realize his interest in the subject;
• clarify the readiness and ability of the student to master the chosen subject at an advanced level;
• create conditions for preparing for the elective exam in the subject “Physical Education”;
• to enable students to use the acquired knowledge in their future life and practical activities.

The methodological basis of this program of the elective course is the Educational standards of the main general education in physical education (basic and profile level).

The system of arrangement of the material, the completeness of the presentation of information, the nature of the selection of material are aimed at achieving the educational, educational, informational goals outlined in the State Standard: to improve health, promote harmonious development, acquire the necessary knowledge in the field of physical culture and sports, promote the education of moral and volitional qualities, development of mental processes and personality traits.

The material and technical base of the school makes it possible to include classes in the following sports into the designated course: athletics, volleyball, basketball, table tennis, gymnastics with elements of acrobatics, shaping.

This working programm is a type 2 program, since the number of hours allocated for development educational material, differs significantly from that in the program of the authors V.I. Lyakh and A.A. Zdanevich. In addition, in the proposed program, the educational material is supplemented with such sections as "Table Tennis" and "Shaping", and the material of the section "Basics of knowledge about physical culture" is studied in the context of a particular sport and is of key importance in the applied nature of this elective course.

1. Fundamentals of knowledge

• features of the development of the chosen sport;
• pedagogical, physiological and psychological foundations of teaching motor actions and educating physical qualities, modern forms of building classes and systems of classes exercise with different functional orientation;
• biodynamic features and content of physical exercises of a general developmental and corrective orientation, the basics of their use in solving problems of physical development and health promotion;
• age-related features of the development of leading mental processes and physical qualities, the possibility of forming individual traits and personality traits through regular physical education;
• psychofunctional features of one's own organism;
• individual ways to control the development of the adaptive properties of the body, improve health and improve physical fitness;
• ways of organizing independent physical exercises with different functional orientations, rules for the use of sports equipment and equipment, principles for creating the simplest sports facilities and grounds;
• rules of personal hygiene, injury prevention and first aid during physical exercises.

2. Athletics

• Running at a steady pace: 20-25 minutes. (boys), 15–20 min. (girls);
• Running at a variable pace: 10-15 minutes.

3. Sports games:

Volleyball

• player stances and movements;
• passing the ball;
• bottom feed;
• receiving the ball after serving;
• two-sided game;
• direct attack;
• single blocking.

Basketball

• standing, moving, stopping, passing and catching the ball;
• dribbling with the right and left hand;
• throwing the ball one and two from a place and on the move.

4. Gymnastics with elements of acrobatics

• vault with legs bent;
• acrobatics: rolls back; stand on the shoulder blades, turns to the side; two somersaults forward; jump up bending over.

5. Table tennis

• movement;
• hitting and serving left and right;
• direct blows with rotation;
• Single player game.

6. Shaping

• exercises overall impact;
• exercises for the abdominal muscles;
• exercises for the muscles of the back;
• exercises for the gluteal muscles;
• exercises for the abductor muscles of the thigh;
• hip extensor muscles;
• exercises for the muscles of the upper shoulder girdle;
• development of various muscle groups with a change in dosage in terms of time, quantity and intensity of exercise.

Requirements to prepare students:

At the end of the program of the course "PPP", students must demonstrate the following knowledge :

Peculiarities individual lessons physical culture and sports;

Basic concepts of a healthy lifestyle;

Fundamentals of sports hygiene;

Dosage of individual physical culture and sports.

Motor skills and abilities:

Technically correct to perform the basic movements in the proposed sports;

Demonstrate the performance of an individually designed set of exercises of the general physical training.

Introductory Lecture
by discipline
"Elective courses
in physical culture"

http://www.kspu.ru/division/97/

In accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education disciplines
physical culture and sports are implemented:
on
- "Physical culture" in the amount of at least 72
academic hours (2 credits);
- Elective courses in physical culture in
not less than 328 hours (0 credits).
Specified
academic
clock
are
mandatory.

"Physical culture" is held
in the form of lectures.
Elective courses in physical
culture are carried out in the form
physical training by type
sports: athletics, volleyball,
table tennis, badminton,
ski training, gymnastics, etc.

Study groups are formed after a medical examination
in accordance with the order of the KSPU them. V.P.
Astafieva, taking into account the state of health
involved.
The number of the main group is 15
Human;
special medical group - 8-12 people.
Students released on condition
health from physical activity, prepare and
defend abstract work on topics,
proposed by the Department of Physical Culture and
health, at the beginning of each semester.

A student who regularly participates in sports
sections and having test results on
physical fitness excellent, or excellent and
good, or good, can attend classes freely
disciplines Elective courses in physical culture.
The basis for free attendance
Elective courses in physical culture is
personal statement of the student, to which are attached:
certificates of regular attendance at the sports section
KSPU them. V.P. Astafiev or educational
organizations of a sports orientation of the subject of the Russian Federation in
the current academic year,
physical fitness test results for
excellent, or excellent and good, or good.

The department has:
2 gyms and a tennis hall at Vzletnaya 20;
2 at Marx 100;
ski base.
Conditions for getting credit
a) attending all classes (or practicing
missed);
b) passing tests: running 100m, 2/3km, push-ups,
jump rope, pull-ups, press, long jump with
places;
d) abstract (requirements for writing on the site
departments)
c) classes in sections (as agreed).

All disputes are resolved in
following sequence:
Leading Lecturer - department
(Popovanova N.A., room 1-33; Tue, Thu 14:00 18:00).

Cell phones, players
time to clean up.
student late or not
admitted - fulfills
pass.

Medical examination is carried out by order of
faculties and groups;
students who fail the medical examination
classes will not be allowed.
Help for SMG (special
medical group) are transferred to the leader
teacher.
After medical examination (October) final
completing SMG.
When transferring to another teacher
debts are transferred.

Physical education is carried out only on
1-2-3 courses (tests in 2, 4 and 5 semesters),
further only independently;
If a student is ill, then a certificate
to the lead teacher to assure
first-aid post (Lebedeva, 80) - classes are not
are being worked out
After a long illness,
The lead teacher decides the abstract.
Testing takes place in Stadium 2
once a year - in autumn (from mid-September) and
spring (from mid-May).

All classes are in sportswear only,
shoes.
Call for classes for students; from class
for the teacher 60 min.
No independent departures from classes,
only with the permission of the teacher
Warm up is a must.
Latecomers are not allowed!

Should not be left in
locker rooms valuables or
money can be deposited
teacher.
There is a security issue
of things!
Forgotten things to pick up from the box in
teaching!)

A. A. Somkin, S. A. Konstantinov

"Elective courses in physical culture" as a motivational and value component in the studies of students in St. Petersburg State Institute of Cinematography

The formation of a sustainable need for constant and systematic physical education and the cultivation of the so-called "fashion for an active and healthy lifestyle" are the most important tasks of such academic disciplines as "Physical Education" and "Elective Courses in Physical Education" in higher educational institutions Russian Federation. In accordance with the federal state educational standard higher education"3 plus" (FSES HE 3+) students full-time training in St. Petersburg state institute cinema and television (SPbGIKiT) in the basic part of Block 1 "Disciplines (modules)" of the bachelor's program in physical culture are the following academic disciplines:

- "Physical culture" in the amount of 72 acad. h (16 h - lectures; 16 h - practical, seminars; 20 h - self-study) in the first year;

- "Elective courses in physical culture" in the amount of 328 acad. h (practical studies) in the first-third courses.

"Elective courses in physical culture" suggest a gradual transition in SPbGIKiT from compulsory forms of training sessions to the individual choice of the type of physical culture and sports activity by the students themselves. As elective courses at the Department of Physical Education of SPbGIKiT students are offered:

Firstly, standard training sessions in accordance with the schedule (twice a week for two academic hours);

Secondly, various forms of sectional classes, which are focused on non-commercial sports of the highest achievements, physical culture and conditioning sports, applied disciplines, recreational and rehabilitation forms of physical activity, intellectual sports.

The so-called motivational-value component comes to the fore when organizing educational and sectional classes in the discipline "Elective courses in physical culture", which should form in young people a positive emotional attitude to classes and a steady desire to apply, at the same time, quite conscious volitional efforts aimed at physical improvement of the individual. Consider the main forms of sectional studies at the department,

focused, among other things, on students who, due to their health, belong to a preparatory or special medical group.

1. Non-commercial elite sport means successful performance at high-level competitions, but without receiving significant financial rewards. For students of St. Petersburg State University of Cinematography and Technology specializing in wushu sanda martial arts, these are Russian championships, large and prestigious international tournaments, including in China, the “homeland” of this sport. Wushu Sanda is a combined martial art that incorporates the best techniques from Chinese martial arts. With a high level of training of the leading athletes-students of the institute in wushu sanda (technical, functional, physical, tactical), they are able, with a certain adaptation of the training process, to represent the combined team of the institute in various "related" disciplines - shock, wrestling and mixed martial arts.

2. Fitness-conditioning (or the so-called "mass") sport is a type of public (ordinary) sport, aimed mainly at physical culture and sports training, which contribute to the preservation of previously acquired (in school age) physical form with strictly regulated participation in competitions. Here, the target outcome of the activity is focused not on the maximum possible result, but on the level of physical and physical activity necessary for each person. spiritual development to maintain his capacity and adequate health. At the same time, the time spent on classes is optimally minimized and does not interfere with the main socially necessary type of activity of a student receiving higher education. SPbGIKiT regularly organizes sectional classes in the following sports:

Sports games - volleyball, basketball, table tennis;

Martial arts - kickboxing, taekwondo, sambo, judo;

Athletic sports - arm wrestling and kettlebell lifting;

Cheerleading.

From the best students attending these sections, the combined teams of the institute were formed, for which the main competitions are the Games of higher educational institutions of St. Petersburg.

3. Applied disciplines. The problem of individual self-defense of a person in the conditions of a modern metropolis is currently becoming extremely relevant. Therefore, it is not accidental that the students (both boys and girls) who have no desire to re-

to train regularly to participate in competitions, sections in applied disciplines use:

Self-defense - based on the technique of traditional wushu schools;

KENPO - real hand-to-hand combat;

Aikido, including with the use of weapons;

Sgobbri is a system of so-called functional circuit training using exercises from various martial arts (boxing, taekwondo, judo, sports and combat sambo).

Classes in sections such as self-defense and aikido, as a rule, do not require students to develop their physical abilities at a high level and master complex techniques.

4. The next group of sections is conditionally united by recreational and rehabilitation forms of students' motor activity. In the process of training in these sections, physical exercises and some elements of sports are used in accessible and simplified forms to solve the following problems: maintaining and strengthening health; active, healthy recreation; switching to another type of activity; restoration of working capacity; organization of emotionally rich leisure; rehabilitation of students related to the state of their health to the preparatory and special medical groups.

For students who do not have deviations in their health, the fitness section is oriented. Fitness classes are held in the form of so-called "mixed classes" - meaning the presence of both aerobic and strength exercises that are present in the training program. A yoga section has been organized for students assigned to the preparatory and special medical groups based on the results of an in-depth medical examination (UMO). The first day of the week is a lesson for beginners (mostly first-year students) and those who, due to their health, belong to the preparatory or special medical group. The second day of the week is a lesson for students ( M-M courses) who have previous experience in yoga, for example in the first year.

5. Sections on intellectual sports - chess and checkers, - which students who have deviations in their health or are exempted from practical classes are guided to attend. From the best players, according to the results of control trainings, the combined teams of the institute in these sports are formed, which regularly participate in regional and city tournaments, as well as in the Spartakiad of higher educational institutions of St. Petersburg.

Thus, the introduction of a new FSES HE 3+ in higher educational institutions of the Russian Federation and the allocation in block 1 -

the basic part of "Disciplines (modules)" - the subject "Elective courses in physical culture" in SPbGIKiT allowed to move from traditional forms of conducting practical classes in physical culture to a personality-oriented health program; from compulsory training sessions to the individual choice of the type of physical culture and sports activity by the students themselves.

Bibliography

1. Kondakov V.L. Systemic mechanisms for the design of sports and health technologies in educational space modern university: monograph. - Belgorod: LitKaraVan, 2013. - 454 p.

2. Matveev L.P. Reflections on sports // Sports management. -2004. - No. 1. - S. 16-21.

3. Matveev L.P. General theory of sports and its applied aspects. - 4th ed., Rev. and additional - St. Petersburg: Lan, 2005. - 384 p.

4. Somkin A.A., Makarov O.R. The development of mixed martial arts "wushu sanda" in a non-specialized higher educational institution // Current state and prospects for the development of psychology and pedagogy: Sat. articles of the International scientific and practical. conf. (February 28, 2015, Ufa). - Ufa: Aeterna, 2015. - S. 165-170.

V. G. Sotnik

Modernization teacher education In Russian federation

In the 21st century, the Russian education system is undergoing dramatic changes.

In the Russian Federation, a number of normative documents (new law on education, federal state educational standards), in connection with which it became necessary to move from a knowledge-based educational paradigm to a competency-based one. Therefore, students are required to have considerable independence in the implementation of active cognitive activity.

What education will be like in the 21st century depends on the teacher, his life position, professionalism, and competence. Research competence in education is considered as the main component of the professional competence of a biology teacher.

The competence-based approach is considered by some authors as a kind of response to a problematic situation in education that arose as a result of the contradiction between the need to ensure the modern quality of education and the impossibility

Course program "Self-control of exercisers»

Tavgazov Skandarbek Georgievich,

physical culture teacher

MBOU "Secondary School No. 23", Aikhal village

Explanatory note

The importance of physical culture and sports is steadily increasing every day. Physical culture and sports prepare a person for life, harden the body and improve health, contribute to the harmonious physical development of a person, contribute to the education of the necessary personality traits, moral and physical qualities necessary for future specialists in their professional activity. With regular exercise and sports, it is very important to systematically monitor your well-being and overall health.To study the effect of physical exercises on people involved in physical culture and sports of people, studies are carried out on the functional state of the body or its individual systems. For this purpose, functional tests and tests are used to determine the athlete's adaptation to a particular physical load, the recovery period, the level of performance and training effect. Indicators of the functional state are such physiological parameters of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems as heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), blood pressure (BP), maximum oxygen consumption (MOC), vital capacity (VC), etc.

Elective course "Know thyself" allows students to gain the necessary knowledge to expand their horizons in the field of physical culture and sports.

The elective course is designed for 17 hours . Sufficient attention is paid to the independent and practical work children using technical teaching aids. The program deals with the issues of in-depth study of physical development and assessment of the functional state of a person.

The purpose of training – formation of the physical culture of the student's personality by mastering the basics of the content of physical culture activities with a general developmental focus.

In accordance with the purpose, formed tasks elective course:

Educating the student of a responsible attitude to personal health as an individual and social value,formation in students of a conscious attitude to their strengths, firm confidence in them, readiness for bold and decisive actions, overcoming the physical loads necessary for the full functioning of the subject, as well as the need for systematic physical exercises and, in general, in the implementation of a healthy lifestyle, the formation of knowledge about physical culture activities reflecting the psychological, pedagogical and medical and biological foundations;

Know: basic requirements for self-control during physical activity

Be able to: independently conduct, adjust and control the main methods of self-control

Own: basic methods of self-control

1. Providing course content

Literature: O-1; O-2; H-1; D-3; D 7; D-13.

III. EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES

In the process of mastering the courses, the following educational technologies are used:

1. Standard teaching methods:

• lectures;
• Workshops;
• Computer testing;
• Training in a chosen sport (for students included in the national teams of the university);
• Discussion of abstracts;
• Cultural and educational work in student research groups;
• Independent work of students;
• Teacher consultations.

2. Teaching methods using interactive forms of educational technologies:

• interactive lectures;
• computer simulations;
• group discussions and projects;
• discussion of the results of the work of student research groups;

ENSURING STUDENTS AND CONSCIOUS MASTERING OF THE SYSTEM OF SPECIAL PHYSICAL AND SPORTS KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS;

Integration of basic and additional education in the field of physical culture and sports.

The material included in the program can be applied to various groups (categories) of schoolchildren, and contains knowledge that arouses the cognitive interest of students and is of practical value for determining a comprehensive assessment of an individual's health.

Educational and thematic plan

p/p	Topic	Number of hours	Lectures	Practical some classes	form of control
	Introduction. Modern methods human research (brief review)
	Methods of research and evaluation of the functional state of a person				Test control
	Functional trials				Lab. Work
	Methods for studying the physical development of a person				Lab. Work
	Evaluation of the individual level of physical fitness and determination of the motor age of schoolchildren				Lab. Work
	Final lesson				offset
	Total hours

1. 1. Introduction. Modern research methods

General scientific research methods. Theoretical research methods. Empirical research methods. Physiometric research methods.

1. 2. Methods of research and evaluation of the functional state of a person

Influence of physical exercises on the person. Functional trials and tests. Indicators of the functional state of a person.

1. 3. Functional tests

Functional tests: goals, objectives. Characteristics of functional samples. Martinet test. Kotov-Deshin test. Sample S.P. Letunov. Harvard step test. Determination of heart rate (HR). Ruffier test. Individual training pulse (ITP).

1. 4. Methods for studying the physical development of a person

Methods for measuring indicators of physical development. Methods of external examination of a person. Somatoscopy. Methods of instrumental study of human physical development. Anthropometry. Physiometry.

5. Evaluation of the individual level of physical fitness and determination of the motor age of schoolchildren

Testing. Ways to run tests. Physical fitness. The level of physical fitness. Physical activity. motor age. Indicators of physical fitness. Age rating standards. Motor fitness testing protocol

This elective course is recommended to be included in academic plan schools for students in grades 10-11 within the framework of both defense-sports and universal profiles. You can also use an elective course within the framework of the chemical and biological profile, while increasing the topic "Methods for studying the physical development of a person" up to 5 hours due to the topic "Evaluation of the individual level of physical fitness and determining the motor age of schoolchildren."

For the qualitative conduct of the elective course "Know Yourself", it is recommended to include in the lecture part (8 hours) interactive learning actively using multimedia equipment and video equipment.

For the practical part (9 hours), it is recommended to use information-simulators, medical equipment and technical means learning.

Control questions and tasks.

1. What is the purpose of self-control?

2. Specify the subjective data of self-control

3. Specify the objective data of self-control

4. What is the breath holding on inspiration (Stange test) in healthy adults?

5. What is the breath hold on exhalation (Genchi test) of trained people?

6. What heart rate should not be exceeded when exercising at the age of 18?

7. What are the main general scientific research methods?

8. What does "physiometric research methods" mean?

9. By what indicators is determined functional state human?

10. What does the term "functional test" mean?

11. Functional tests: goals, objectives?

12. What are the methods for studying the physical development of a person?

13. List the main ways to measure indicators of physical development?

14. What refers to the methods of instrumental research of the physical development of a person?

15. What is "motor activity"?

16. What does the term "Physical fitness" mean?

17. How is a person's motor age determined?

18. Describe the methodology for conducting the Harvard step test?

19. Describe the method of S.P. Letunov's test?

20. List the most common functional trials and tests?

Practical tasks

Exercise 1. The pulse rate of an untrained adult ranges normally from 60 to 90 beats per minute.

Measure your heart rate at rest. If its frequency is 41-60 beats / min - an excellent result; 61-74 - good; 75-90 - satisfactory; more than 90 beats / min - unsatisfactory (should consult a doctor).

Task 2. Do a squat test.

Standing (legs together), count the pulse for 30 seconds. Then, at a slow pace, do 20 squats, raising your arms forward and keeping your torso straight, and spreading your knees to the sides. After squats, count the pulse again.

An increase in heart rate indicates the state of the body: less than 25% - excellent; 25-50% - satisfactory; 75% and above - unsatisfactory.

Task 3. Climb up the stairs to the 4th floor.

If after lifting it is easy to breathe, there are no unpleasant sensations, then you can consider the degree of your physical fitness to be good. The appearance of shortness of breath (rapidity and difficulty in breathing) on ​​the 4th floor indicates medium degree physical fitness, on the 3rd floor - poor. More accurate data from this test can be obtained by measuring the pulse at rest, and then immediately after rising to the 4th floor. If, after lifting, the pulse is 100 beats / min and below - excellent; 101 -120 - good; 121-140 - satisfactory; above 140 beats / min - bad.

Task 4. Determine your posture. To do this, measure the width of the shoulders and the arch of the back. The measurement instruction is as follows. Feel for protruding bony points above the shoulder joints. Take the tape measure with your left hand at the zero division and press it to the left point. With your right hand, stretch the tape along the collarbone line to the right point. The resulting number shows the width of the shoulders. Then move the tape behind the head and stretch it along the line of the upper edge of the shoulder blade from the left point to the right. The resulting number indicates the size of the arc of the back. Make a calculation using the formula:

shoulder width, cm

X 100%

size of the arch of the back, cm

Norm: 100-110%.

Rate 90% indicates a serious violation of posture. When this indicator is reduced to 85-90% or increase to 125-130% you need to see an orthopedic doctor.

Task 5. (for boys). Find your fitness level, compare it to your average, and do exercises to improve your level.

a) strength. Starting position - emphasis with hands lying on the floor. Perform the maximum possible flexion and extension of the arms (push-ups from the floor), while the body must be kept straight. The average figure for boys aged 16-17 is 15 push-ups from the floor.

b) Speed. Starting position - standing, feet shoulder width apart, hands on the belt. Sit down quickly and stretch your arms forward. Then stand up, rise on your toes, lower your hands.

Starting position - standing, legs apart, right hand above, left below. Quickly change the position of the hands.

The number of repetitions in 6 s is counted. The average value for boys aged 16: squats - 6 times, changing the position of the hands - 16 times; for boys aged 17; squats - 7 times, changing the position of the hands - 17 times.

c) Agility . Take two small objects that are easy to grasp with your hand (tennis balls, smooth pebbles), and toss them one after the other, first with your left and then with your right hand.

The duration of the continuity of the exercise with each hand is taken into account. Average dexterity for young men: 16 years old - 45 s. left and 75 s. right hand; 17 years - 60 s. left and 90 s. right.

d) Flexibility . Starting position - main stance. Lean forward as far as you can while keeping your legs straight. If you were able to touch the floor with the palms of both hands, then you have good flexibility, if not, then it should be developed.

Task 6. Exercise self-control over the state of health and physical development. Record observations in a diary at least 1-3 times a week. The diary contains objective data recorded by devices (body length and weight, pulse rate, blood pressure, etc.), and subjective sensations (mood, well-being, decreased performance, worsening sleep, appetite, discomfort and pain, etc.). It is also desirable to note the content of the lessons.

Task 7. Self-monitoring of working capacity can be objectively carried out according to the Rufier-Dixon test, which is carried out

in the following way.

Lying on your back, count the pulse in 15 seconds (P1) - Then stand up and do 30 squats in 45 seconds. Lie down again and immediately count your pulse for 15 seconds. during the first minute (P2) and for the last 15 s. from the same first minute (P3). The calculation of working capacity (A) is made according to the formula:

A \u003d (P1 + P2 + P3) x 4 -200

The results are evaluated as follows: 0-3 - good; 4-6 - medium; 7-8 - satisfactory; over 8 - bad

Task 8. Determine the heart rate (HR) at rest?

Task 9. Determine your individual training heart rate (ITP)?

In order for physical education to be beneficial, everyone must know how to choose the right load and control it. This can be done using the Kervonen formula, which allows you to determine the individual training pulse (ITP) by simple mathematical calculations. To do this, you need to sit on a chair, count your pulse at rest for one minute and, after a series of calculations, get a digital expression of the ITP.

1. From the number 220 you need to subtract the amount (your age in years plus heart rate at rest for 1 min.)

2. Multiply the resulting figure by 0.6 and add to it the value of the pulse at rest.

Example: If you are 16 years old and have a resting heart rate of 66 bpm, the calculations will show that your ITP is (220-(16+66) x 0.6 +66 = 148 bpm

Tasks 10. Measure blood pressure (BP) twice in a sitting position and name the maximum (systolic) blood pressure and the minimum (diastolic) blood pressure?

Main literature:

1. Physical culture of a student: A textbook for students of higher educational institutions / Under the general editorship of V.I. Ilyinich. – M.: Gardariki, 2009.
2. "Theory and methods of physical education: textbook" Andrey Vasilkov, 2008
3. Physical culture and sport in the Russian Federation: new challenges of our time / S.V. Alekseev et al. - Moscow. - “Theory and practice of physical culture and sports. - 2013.-780s.

Additional literature:

1. Baranov V. A., Venglinsky G. P., Stolyar K. E. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kul'tury v vuze: uchebnoe posobie [Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kul'tury v vuze: uchebnoe posobie]. – M.: RGTEU, 2004.
2. Baranov V. A., Tsedilin Yu. V., Yakushev V. A. Physical culture in the general cultural and professional training of students: a course of lectures. – M.: RGTEU, 2005.
3. Baranov V. A. Social problems physical culture and sport in modern society: monograph. – M.: RGTEU, 2006.
4. Baranov V. A. Physical culture as an institution of quality of life in the conditions of Russian social reality: monograph. – M.: RGTEU, 2009.
5. Zheleznyak Yu. D. Fundamentals of scientific and methodological activity in physical culture and sports: a tutorial. - M .: Information Center "Academy", 2008.
6. Ilyinich V.I. Student sports and life: Tutorial For university students. - M.: JSC "Aspect Press", 1995.
7. Self-study exercise: Teaching aid. Lutchenko N.G., Shchegolev V.A., Volkov V.Yu., and others: - St. Petersburg: SPbGTU, 1999.
8. Rodichenko V.S. Student's Olympic textbook: A manual for the formation of the Olympic education system in non-sports higher educational institutions - 5th ed., Revised. and additional - M .: Soviet sport, 2009.
9. Physical culture: Printed version electronic textbook/ V.Yu.Volkov, L.M.Volkova: 2nd ed. correct and additional - St. Petersburg: Publishing House of the Polytechnic. un-ta, 2009.
10. Journals: Theory and practice of physical education, university lecturer and innovative technologies. Higher Education in Russia: Scientific and Pedagogical Journal of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation;
11. Kuramshin Yu.F. Theory and methodology of physical culture and sports. Moscow: Soviet sport, 2007.
12. Physiological bases of motor activity / Fomin.-M.-1991.
13. Human Physiology / Schmidt, Tevs et al. 3 volumes - M. - 2001.
14. Theory and methodology of physical culture / Matveev. – 1991.

15. Akhundov R.A. Fundamentals of scientific and methodological activities in physical culture and sports: Textbook. - Belgorod: Publishing House of BelSU, 2001.

16. Kuramshin Yu.F. Theory of Physical Culture: Textbook. - 2 - ed., Rev. - M .: Soviet sport, 2004.

17. Butin I.M., Butina I.A. etc. Physical culture: 9-11 cells: Proc. A guide for students in general. institution - M .: Humanit. Ed. Center VLADOS, 2003.

18. Ashmarin B.A. Theory and methodology of pedagogical research in physical education. - M .: Fizkultura and sport, 1978.

19. Vavilov Yu.N. Assessment of the individual level of physical condition // Physical culture at school. - 1997. - No. 7.

20. Zheleznyak Yu.D. Smirnov Yu.I. bases of scientific and pedagogical activity. Education. M.: 1996

211. Guide to laboratory studies on the hygiene of children and adolescents: Proc. Benefit / Berzin V.I., Slepushkina I.I., Glushchenko A.G. and others - K. Vyscha school. Head publishing house, 1989.

Regulatory documents:

2. Strategy for the development of physical culture and sports and sports in the Russian Federation for

Period up to 2020” Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1101-R of 08/07/2009

1. www.reu-sport.ru – Center “Sports Club of the Russian Economic University named after G.V. Plekhanov
2. http://www.minsport.gov.ru/

   Elective courses in physical culture are provided by the EMC - lecture course, thematic plans implementation of physical culture in various areas of training, 5 sports facilities with appropriate sports equipment (swimming pool, 2 gyms, 2 general physical training halls)

ABOUT THE INTRODUCTION OF THE AII-RUSSIA PHYSICAL CULTURE

AND SPORTS COMPLEX TRP

N.N. Kalmykov, A.V. Yudkin, A.G. nosov

Various alternative variants of the TRP system development in the Russian Federation, its features, goals, tasks and main functions are considered on the basis of the analysis of the legislative base of the WUSC TRP, normative and legal acts of federal and regional significance. The main proposals and recommendations for improving the organization and quality of implementing this system in educational institutions are formulated. A statistical observation of the organization and implementation of the TRP has been carried out. The main problems connected with informing the population about this complex are revealed.

Key words: sport, health, GTO, legislative framework of the GTO, statistical observation, GTO standards.

Kalmykov Nikolai Nikolaevich, candidate of sociological sciences, director, [email protected], Russia, Moscow, Expert-Analytical Center of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration,

Yudkin Artem Vladimirovich, advisor to the chairman of the board, [email protected], Russia, Novosibirsk, Siberian Expert Center "Modernization",

Nosov Alexander Georgievich, candidate of pedagogical sciences, teacher, [email protected], Russia, Saratov, Povolzhsky Institute of Management named after Stolypin of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration

UDC 796.011.1:378.14

FORMATION OF COMPETENCES OF STUDENTS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK

ELECTIVE COURSE IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION

L.T. Kudashova, N.N. Vengerov

Problems in the content of the elective course in physical culture with the aim of forming general cultural competencies among students are revealed. The article presents a methodology for organizing an elective course in physical culture at a university using sports and health technologies, which takes into account the level of physical fitness and emotional state of those involved and contributes to the formation of specially directed competencies among female students.

Key words: competencies, elective course in physical culture, sports and health technologies, physical development, physical fitness.

The modernization of higher education, in particular the introduction of specialized education, opens up fundamentally new opportunities in the implementation of innovative activities at the university. In the conditions of profile training, in addition to the basic ones, new components are introduced

training - elective courses. Elective courses are the latest mechanism for updating and individualizing the learning process. With a well-designed system of elective courses, each student can receive an education with a certain desired bias in a particular field of knowledge. It is the elective disciplines that, in essence, are the most important means of building individual educational programs, because are most connected with the choice of each student of the content of education, depending on his interests, abilities, future life plans. Elective courses contribute to the greatest extent to solving individual problems in the formation of the competencies of the educational standard.

Speaking about the quality of training specialists at a university, one should take into account not only the acquired knowledge, skills and experience in the professional field, but also psychophysical fitness. There is no doubt that the labor reserves of our country should not only be highly qualified, but also in good health. In this regard, as an indisputable position, in each educational standard general cultural competencies are prescribed, aimed at forming the readiness to use the means of physical culture to increase one's physical improvement while ensuring full-fledged social and professional activities.

In the Federal State Educational Standards of Higher Education in various areas of training of bachelors and specialists, general cultural competencies aimed at physical improvement are formulated in different ways: a student must have “the ability to maintain the proper level of physical fitness to ensure full-fledged social and professional activities, promote active longevity, a healthy lifestyle and prevention diseases"; "the ability to use the methods and means of physical culture to ensure a full-fledged social and professional activity"; “willingness to maintain the proper level of physical fitness to ensure full-fledged social and professional activities”; “the ability to apply methods and means of cognition, learning and self-control for intellectual development, raising the cultural level, professional competence, maintaining one’s health, moral and physical self-improvement”; “ownership of the means of independent, methodically correct use of methods of physical education and health promotion, readiness to achieve the proper level of physical fitness to ensure full-fledged social and professional activity”; “willingness to maintain a level of physical fitness that ensures full-fledged activity”; “the ability to apply methods and means of cognition, learning and self-control for one’s own

intellectual development, raising the cultural level, professional competence, maintaining one's health, moral and physical self-improvement, etc., but their essence remains the same.

Physical perfection, according to N.V. Reshetnikov, this is a historically determined level of health and comprehensive development of people's physical abilities that meets the requirements of human activity in various fields social labor, providing for many years a high working capacity of a person. In this context, physical perfection reflects such a degree of physical development of young people, students, their level of health, which allow them to fully realize their creative potential. Therefore, physical perfection is not just a desirable quality of a future specialist, but a necessary element of his personal structure.

It is physical culture that plays a leading role in solving the issues of developing the physical abilities of students. The result of education upon completion of training in the field of physical culture should be the creation of sustainable motivation and the need for a healthy and productive lifestyle, physical self-improvement, acquisition personal experience creative use of its means and methods, achievement of the established level of physical fitness.

Currently requirements federal standards to the learning process, they provide for the discipline "Physical Education" the allocation of hours in the basic part (72 hours) and elective courses with mandatory academic hours (328 hours), but without specifying the means and methods for their implementation.

This poses a problem for sports and pedagogical science that requires theoretical justification and practical solution. Ways of implementation lie in the search for effective, attractive and affordable means for student youth, as well as in improving the process of physical education itself. After all, it is elective courses that “compensate” in many respects enough limited opportunities basic disciplines in meeting the various educational needs of students, the formation of their individual educational trajectory.

For teachers of physical culture at the university, there is an opportunity to make scientifically based changes and additions to the forms of organization, content of educational material, summing up the results of its development in elective courses, taking into account regional, socio-cultural, material and technical conditions, features vocational training students, the availability and qualifications of teaching staff.

Not only traditional means of physical culture can be used: athletics, wrestling, sports games, skiing, swimming, but also the latest modern physical culture and health technologies.

At the moment, in the practice of physical culture, a significant number of various sports and health systems have been formed, designed to promote the preservation and strengthening of the health of the population, including young students. When using this variety of systems, it is necessary to take into account the value orientations of modern youth so that the orientation towards physical culture and sports activities does not weaken.

In addition, the means of physical culture used should take into account the gender and age characteristics of students and be aimed at developing in them certain professionally significant physiological, physical and psychological functions and qualities, health status and their compliance with the nature of the professional requirements of the chosen profession in order to form the relevant competencies.

At student age, the physical maturation of the body is completed. This period can be called the final stage of the progressive age-related development of the psychophysiological and motor capabilities of the body. Young people during this period have great opportunities for intense educational work and socio-political activities. In this age range, the body retains a relatively high performance, general high level functional activity. At the same time, numerous studies indicate a low level of physical fitness and health among the majority of school graduates. In addition, many lack an elementary culture of movements, the ability to demonstrate vital motor qualities and skills in everyday life. It is often with this level of preparedness in physical culture that yesterday's schoolchildren become today's students, not to mention the fact that all health deviations that appeared in childhood are more often aggravated over the years.

Considering all of the above, we conducted research as part of the teaching of the discipline "Physical culture (elective discipline)". In our experiment, first-year students of St. Petersburg State University of Economics took part.

A preliminary survey of female students showed that the leading positive motives for attending physical education classes for them are: the desire to improve the figure - 87%, the desire to maintain health - 10%, the need to get a credit - 3%. 60.1% of respondents wished to regularly attend physical education classes, in

At the same time, 39.9% of first-year students indicate a lack of interest in physical culture.

The choice of the majority of female students involves the use of modern fitness technologies in physical education classes: preference is given to fitness - 41.2%, callanetics - 40.5%, aerobics -32.4%; aqua aerobics - 25%.

When forming motor programs within the framework of elective courses in physical culture, we used modern physical culture and health technologies, given that female students prefer exercises related to music, plasticity, and artistry. The use of dance exercises in health training plays a big role in preventing and relieving stressful condition, psychocomplexes, in general mental health improvement, which is so necessary for the intense mental work of students. A variety of exercises, constant updating of logically structured programs, a high emotional background of classes allow you to effectively solve most of the tasks of physical education in the formation of the relevant general cultural competencies.

In our research, within the framework of the elective course in physical culture, first-year students of St. Petersburg State University of Economics studied using the means of physical culture and health technologies: in the control group (CG), basic aerobics exercises were mainly used; students experimental group(EG) were engaged with the inclusion of exercises of dance types of aerobics, callanetics, stretching, Pilates, yoga. The experiment was carried out during a semester (four months). Group sessions were held twice a week as part of the hours of classes on “ Physical culture(elective discipline)". The cycle of classes ended with participation in the aerobics festival.

To assess the formation of competencies in the discipline, a fund is created evaluation tools, which is a set of control and measuring materials (assessment tools) and methods of their use, designed to determine the level of achievement by the student of the established learning outcomes.

When creating a fund of assessment means during physical exercises, an effective system for monitoring physical fitness and development, physical health of students is needed, the results of which allow the student to determine his level of physical fitness and develop individual programs aimed at correcting and forming a healthy lifestyle. To assess the level of physical fitness of students, exercises are used to demonstrate the main physical abilities: speed-strength endurance, static and dynamic strength, coordination, flexibility. These exercises should not differ significantly from

used in practice educational institutions to assess the level of physical fitness of graduates high school, as well as the standards of the TRP complex of the 5th and 6th stages (according to the age group).

At the first stage of our research, information was collected about the physical condition of female students, where it was revealed that the indicators of the manifestation of physical qualities do not correspond to the age-gender norm; vital capacity of the lungs (VC) is lower by 51.8% of the due value; indicators of the level of physical performance and physical condition correspond to low level.

Indicators of changes in the level of physical fitness as a result of the conducted pedagogical experiment are presented in the table.

Indicators of changes in the physical fitness of female students during the pedagogical experiment

Indicator Stages Groups Reliability

experimental X ± m intergroup

cop differences

EG n=26 CG n=28 1 R

Aerobic endurance - "step test" (times/min) Beginning 83.51±3.6 79.5±3.6 1.713 >0.05

End 86.1±2.0 81.5±2.4 0.651 >0.05

1=2.54; p>0.05 1=0.68; p>0.05

Strength endurance Beginning 32.0±1.9 31.7±1.9 0.102 >0.05

- “torso lift” End 37.3±1.7 36.3±1.6 0.414 >0.05

(times/min) 1=8.78; R<0,001 1=5,64; р<0,001

Strength endurance Beginning 21.7±1.7 20.5±2.3 0.420 >0.05

- “Bending of arms to the end 27.3±1.9 26.1±2.3 0.391 >0.05

lying emphasis” (times/min) 1=2.22; R<0,001 1=5,57; р<0,001

Forward bending flexibility (cm) Onset 12.3±1.4 13.7±1.6 0.643 >0.05

End 15.1±1.25 16.1±1.6 0.512 >0.05

1=12.88; R<0,001 1=4,16; р<0,001

In the experimental group, the strength endurance of the arm muscles improved by 28% (p<0,001) и мышц брюшного пресса на 16 % (р<0,001), гибкость увеличилась на 22,2 % (р<0,001). Показатели аэробной выносливости улучшились на 5,6 % (р>0,05).

In the control group, the strength endurance of the arm muscles improved by 27.6% (p<0,001) и мышц брюшного пресса на 14,5 % (р<0,001), гибкость увеличилась на 18 % (р<0,001). Незначительно изменились показатели аэробной выносливости (р>0.05), which is explained, in our opinion, by the short duration of the experiment.

As a result of conducting an elective course in physical culture with the use of physical culture and health technologies for one semester in the control and experimental groups

the level of physical fitness has changed in a positive direction.

To study the influence of experimental classes on the emotional background of female students, before and after classes, at the beginning and at the end of the experiment, answer forms were filled in to determine the self-assessment of reactive and personal anxiety.

The average indicator of personal anxiety in the groups of subjects was in the zone of average values ​​(36-37 points). Reactive anxiety of female students at the beginning and end of the pedagogical experiment before the start of the lesson in our studies was also in the range of average values ​​(36.9 and 37.1 points). This can be explained by a positive emotional attitude towards the upcoming health aerobics classes.

Indicators of reactive anxiety in the control and experimental groups in our experiment tend to decrease both during the lesson and during the experiment. In the experimental group, these improvements are more pronounced. We did not find statistically significant changes between the two groups, which we explain by the content of the classes, which are very similar in terms of their effect on the emotional and motor spheres of those involved.

According to Yu.L. Khanin, only by dividing the groups into high- and low-anxious ones can significant changes be revealed, when the means of physical education manage to optimize the emotional state of highly anxious students.

A survey of female students at the end of the experiment showed that 90% of the respondents improved their mood as a result of classes using physical culture and health technologies, 78% indicated an improvement in general well-being, 63% subjectively indicated body correction; the ability to move beautifully was influenced by classes in 56% of respondents; 41% acquired new knowledge about the basics of a healthy lifestyle and ways to maintain health, 12% of respondents acquired the ability to compose complexes for self-study. Most of the students with pleasure participated in the aerobics festival with a test combination, which proves the expediency of conducting the final control in the discipline "Physical culture (elective discipline)" in a competitive form.

Students who have mastered the elective course unanimously spoke in favor of the expediency of its introduction into the educational process of the university.

Thus, it can be argued that students, thanks to the elective course in physical culture with the use of physical culture and health technologies, have increased their level of physical fitness, improved their emotional state, having formed specially directed competencies in the field of physical culture.

Bibliography

1. Reshetnikov N.V., Kislitsyn Yu.L. Physical culture: textbook. allowance for students Wednesdays. prof. textbook establishments. Moscow: Mastery, 2002. 152 p.

2. Arvisto M.A. On the role and nature of value orientations in sports activities // Society and sport: coll. scientific tr. M.: GTSOLIFK, 1976. S. 6-14.

3. Vengerova, N.N., Kudashova L.T. Kinesiology construct of an elective course in physical education in higher education // European Social Science Journal (European Journal of Social Sciences). 2016. No. 4. pp. 238-243.

4. Batarshev A.V. Basic psychological properties and personality self-determination: a practical guide to psychological diagnostics. St. Petersburg: Rech, 2005, pp. 44-49.

5. Khanin Yu.L., Bulanova G.V. Emotional well-being of students in sports and educational groups // Teoriya i praktika fiz. culture. 1979. No. 4.

Kudashova Lyudmila Timofeevna, Ph.D. ped. Sciences, Assoc., [email protected], mail.ru, Russia, St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg State University of Economics,

Vengerova Natalya Nikolaevna, Ph.D. ped. sciences, prof., [email protected] ru, Russia, St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg State University of Economics

FORMATION OF COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS WITHIN THE ELECTIVE COURSES

FOR PHYSICAL CULTURE

L.T. Kudashova, N.N. Vengerova

Problems in the content of the elective course on physical culture with the aim of forming the general cultural competencies of students are revealed. The method of organization of the elective course on physical culture in the university with the use of physical culture and health technologies is presented. It takes into account the level of physical preparedness and emotional state of the students involved and promotes the formation of specially directed competencies among female students.

Key words: competence, elective course for physical education, sports and health technology, physical development, physical fitness.

Kudashova Lyudmila Timofeevna, candidate of pedagogical sciences, assistant professor, [email protected], Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Saint Petersburg State University of Economics,

Vengerova Natalia Nikolayevna, candidate of pedagogical sciences, professor, [email protected], Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Saint Petersburg State University of Economics