How to calculate total score. Formulas and definitions for use in calculating the average score (GPA), the degree of learning (SDA), the quality of knowledge (KK) and academic performance (A)

21.10.2019

Down with the stereotypes about foreign universities "for the rich" - any state has multimillion-dollar grant programs that annually sponsor the most motivated students for master's or postgraduate studies. Payments cover tuition and living expenses, and students can devote themselves fully to their studies. All that is required of the candidate is to understand why he needs it, clearly set a goal and carefully collect a package of documents, and then suitcases.

"Big Village" begins to collect practical advice from the guys who were able to enter best universities peace. How to overcome the circles of bureaucratic hell, what to say at an interview, is there a universal motivation letter Is there any point in returning home? The first part is one of the best international programs Fulbright.

Where: United States of America

What includes: payment for knowledge exams in English, tuition fees, monthly stipend, limited health insurance, travel expenses (round trip from hometown and extra baggage on the way back), a one-time payment of the cost of educational materials and accommodation at the place of residence.

Training period: from one year to 2 years

Requirements: are listed at the link, one of the required ones is knowledge of English at a sufficient level (TOEFL not lower than 80 points) and age not older than 30 years.

What is it and how to get through. Fulbright is one of the most generous and cool scholarship programs in the world, which annually provides grants for training, conducting scientific research and internships at US universities. University graduates or students can participate in the competition last year education, which by the time of the possible departure will already receive diplomas of higher education. You need to choose a master's or graduate program. Masters study for two academic years, graduate students conduct research for one academic year.

Competitive selection begins in the spring and lasts about a year. During this time, the candidate must write motivational essays and collect three letters of recommendation, translate a diploma of higher education into English, pass English proficiency exams (TOEFL, and masters also GRE), pass an interview in Moscow and - combo! - combine all this with your main job or study.

The Fulbright Scholarship covers everything. It was important for me, because I did not have my own funds.

Apply every year different amount applicants: in 2015 there were about 600 of them. Usually about 10% reach the final - the competition for a place is comparable to a challenge when entering a good domestic university.

It must be understood that Fulbright has a clear goal - cultural exchange: the finalists of the grant in a sense become cosmopolitans, educators and bearers of important experience. This means that chilling on the shores of the ocean after graduation or completion research work it won’t work out - the scholarship holder is obliged, ideally, to return to his homeland, but in any case he cannot live and work in the USA for two years (the option with an interethnic marriage will not work either).

Yana Shchetinskaya, student at North Carolina State University

In Samara, I graduated from the Faculty of History of the Samara State University with a degree in International Relations. I applied for Fulbright in May 2014, and in March-April 2015 I found out that I was going to study. The process of selecting candidates lasts about a year, and it's quite nerve-wracking - so much time to be in a state of uncertainty.

The Fulbright Scholarship covers everything, including housing: for me this was important, since I did not have my own funds to pay for half or, say, a third of the tuition.

By submitting an application, you do not choose a university - you just express your wishes, and the commission takes them into account. You should not count on Harvard and other well-known universities: you can be sent to an excellent university that no one in Russia has heard of, and this will be a much better solution.

There is only one motivation: you either need it, and you stubbornly go to the end, or not.

If everything is in order after submitting the papers with the documents, you go to the second round - there you just have to pass the exams and go for an interview in Moscow. It is held in English with an American-Russian commission of five to six people. At the interview, they check your determination, and also your communication skills, so it’s better not to be too nervous and try to communicate calmly, without excessive alertness. If you have interesting topic, you really know the purpose of the program and believe in what you say - this is a big plus. It is important to understand that the American commission will not be satisfied with general phrases.

University of North Carolina

You need to clearly understand, and then paint, what practical importance is what you plan to do. It would be nice to throw in a draft of sample questions and answers for the interview. If possible, it is better to give your essays to an experienced person, the same Fulbright or native English speaker, who will help correct stylistic inaccuracies.

I know many who went to the Fulbright for the third and fourth time

There is only one motivation: you either need it, and you stubbornly go to the end, or not. If you didn't manage to apply this year, you can do it next year. I know many who passed the Fulbright on the third and fourth time. An important point about English: if you feel that language training is not enough, start preparing in advance. Learn the exam format so you don't get overwhelmed when testing - and practice without interruption.

"Orientation", or University of North Carolina pre-start meeting school year, Yana was held in Boston

I am currently a student at the University of North Carolina. State University) and overall very satisfied. I am the only one foreign student in my program, but they treat me exactly the same as dozens of American masters. The teachers are very responsive and always ready to help if you do not understand or do not know something. This is a big plus for development and adaptation. The university where I study has a lot of resources: constant conferences, seminars, debates, where speakers from the UN, government and non-profit organizations are invited - a very busy life.

Probably the most important thing is not to be afraid. If you have any questions - ask and consult, communicate with former scholarship holders. There is a group in VKontakte

Sometimes when applying for a job or admission to graduate school, it is required GPA education diploma. Also, this indicator will be required for admission to any of the foreign educational institutions. This indicator will be called GPA, which should be understood as Grade point average.

How to calculate grade point average in a diploma

The GPA is the arithmetic mean of all grades. In order to calculate it, you need to sum up all the scores and divide by their number. Only final scores are taken into account.

The average score is not determined by the grade book. To calculate, you will need an insert with grades, which is an appendix to a bachelor's degree. First you need to find out the total number of disciplines. Count them and memorize the number. Then add up all the scores. Divide by the number of items.

When calculating the average score, credits may or may not be taken into account, depending on the rules adopted in your university.

credit - 5 points;
fail - 0 points.

Such a calculation system can significantly raise the average score of a diploma if the student does not have a “Fail” mark.

In order to calculate the average score of a diploma faster and at the same time reduce the likelihood of error, count the number of each grade separately during the calculation and multiply the indicators. For example, you have seven "Excellent" ratings, i.e. 5. We count as 5 × 7 = 35.

Thus, you need to multiply all the marks, and then add up all the obtained indicators and divide by the total number of marks.

A similar calculation algorithm is used by online calculators that are designed to calculate the average score.

How to calculate the average score - an example

Ivanov I. I., a student of the Faculty of International Law, received the following marks:

Foreign language (at the student's choice) - 4 (Good).
Tax law - 5 (Excellent).
International private law - 3 (Satisfactory).
Right social security– 3 (Satisfactory).
Law in a foreign language - 5 (Excellent).
Civil and commercial law foreign countries- 5 (Excellent).
Customs law - 4 (Good).
Legal entities - 5 (Excellent).
Advocacy - Test.
Family Law - 5 (Excellent).
Commercial Law - Offset.
Municipal Law - 4 (Good).
State and municipal service - Test.
Housing Law - 5 (Excellent).
International Commercial Arbitration - Test.
Contracts of carriage - 4 (Good).
Organization and technique of foreign trade transportation - Test.

Total: 17 items.

5 tests and 12 exams.

Taking into account offsets, the average score will be equal to:

3 x 2 = 6;
4 × 4 = 16;
5 x 6 = 30;
Pass (5) × 5 = 25;
(6 + 16 + 30 + 25): 17 = 4,52.

Excluding offsets:

3 x 2 = 6;
4 × 4 = 16;
5 x 6 = 30;
(6 + 16 + 30) : 12 = 4,3.

results

Typically, a recommendation for admission to graduate school is given to students with an average score of 4.5 or higher. But at the moment there are no generally accepted criteria. In many ways, the minimum allowable indicator will depend on the requirements of a particular educational institution.

Admission to universities in another country

The principle of calculating the Grade point average may be different for each country. If you want to enter a European or American university after completing your undergraduate degree, carefully read the calculation rules adopted in this educational institution. Such information may be contained on the official website of the university.

Credit hour is a unit of a student's academic workload for each week. On the basis of CH, not only the average score is calculated, but also tuition fees are set, and the study load is also regulated.

You can calculate credits by summing total number academic hours for each subject. You will also find this indicator in the diploma supplement. In addition, the number of credits in each subject must be multiplied by the grade in the subject and summed up all the indicators. Then you need to divide this number by the amount of academic hours.

For example, let's take 4 subjects from the same grade statement as above: foreign language (115), tax law (110), foreign language law (85), customs law (110). The number of hours in this subject is indicated in brackets.

The method for calculating the final score in a particular subject depends on many factors, namely, on the contribution made to the final grade by the results of term papers, control tasks and your activity at the lectures. For the information you need, look at the curriculum (if your teacher or instructor provided it for you). You can easily calculate the final grade if you know the number of tasks, the weighted value of each task, and the score you received for each task.

Attention: the information presented in this article corresponds to the Russian point-rating system for assessing knowledge.

Steps

Calculating an unweighted final grade manually

Write down your scores. Find the grades you got for completing tests, homework, and the like during a certain period of time (quarter, semester, year). In some countries, such information is posted on the Internet. Record your grades in the first column.

If your activity in the lessons (lectures) is taken into account when setting the final grade, ask the teacher (teacher) what score you received for this.

Write down the maximum possible score for each task. Information about the maximum scores can be found in curriculum(if you have one) or a teacher. IN different countries apply various systems knowledge assessment, but the most common are the digital and percentage systems. In either case, write down your maximum scores in the second column (next to the column with your grades).
- The digital (point-rating) system implies the maximum number of points that you can get in a particular subject. For completing each task, you get a certain number of points. For example, if in some subject you can get 200 points and you need to complete 4 tasks, maximum score for each task is 50 (4x50 = 200).
- In the case of a percentage system for a particular subject, you can get 100%, and each completed task is evaluated by a certain number of percentages, which add up to 100%. For example, if you have 4 tasks to complete, then the maximum score for each task is 25% (4x25 = 100).
- Note that in the examples above, the items are weighted the same (that is, the items are equivalent), although in reality this may not be the case.
Add up the numbers in each column. Do this regardless of whether your knowledge is assessed in a numerical or percentage system. Add up all the numbers in the first column and write the result under the first column. Then add up all the numbers in the second column and write the result under the second column.
- For example, in order to successfully master a certain subject, you need to complete 5 tasks, for two of which you can get 20 points, for the other two - for 10 points, and for the rest - 5 points.
- 20+20+10+10+5= 65. Thus, the total number of possible (maximum) points will be 65.
- Now add up your scores. Let's say that for the first task you got 18 points (out of 20 possible), for the second task - 15 points (out of 20), for the third - 7 points (out of 10), for the fourth - 9 points (out of 10), for the fifth - 3 points (out of 5).
- 18+15+7+9+3= 52. Thus, the total number of points you earn will be 18.
Calculate the average score. To do this, divide the total number of points you have earned by the total number of possible points. That is, divide the number you wrote down under the first column by the number you wrote down under the second column.

Multiply the resulting average score (it will be expressed as a decimal fraction) by 100. This is how you convert your GPA to percentages. Either multiply decimal by 100, or just move the decimal point 2 places to the right.
- In our example: 52/65 = 0.8 or 80%
- To move the decimal point 2 positions to the right, assign a number of zeros, for example, like this: 0.800. Now move the decimal point 2 places: 080.0. Get rid of extra zeros and get: 80. That is, for the subject in question, you received 80%.
Determine the final score. To do this, use the rating scale. The rating scale compares your score (as a percentage) with the final grade (note that in some countries the final grade is expressed by a letter, for example, A, B, B-, and so on).

Calculating a Weighted Final Grade Manually
1. Find out the weights (weight coefficients) of the components of the final grade. Remember that certain scores affect the final grade to a greater or lesser extent. For example, the final grade may be 30% dependent on your activity in the lessons or lectures, on the scores for four tasks (10% for each task), and 30% on the final exam grade. Note that in our example, activity in lectures and the final exam are three times more important than completed assignments, so it is extremely important to find out the weights of the components of the final grade.
  
  Multiply the weighting factors by the corresponding scores you received. To simplify the calculation process, write your scores in the first column and the corresponding weights in the second. Then multiply each score and its corresponding weighting factor. Record your results in the third column.
  - In our example, the final grade is 30% dependent on the final exam. Let's say that you got 18 points (out of 20 possible) for the exam. In this case, multiply the numerator and denominator of 18/20 by 30: 30 x (18/20) = 540/600.
2. Add up the resulting values. Add the results of multiplying each score obtained by the appropriate weighting factor, and then add the results of multiplying each maximum possible score by the corresponding weighting factor. Now divide the sum of the weighted scores received by the sum of the weighted possible scores.
  - Consider an example. Task 1 = 10%, task 2 = 10%, test 1 = 30%, test 2 = 30%, lecture activity = 20%. The scores you received: task 1 = 18/20, task 2 = 19/20, test 1 = 15/20, test = 17/20, lecture activity = 18/20.
  - Task 1: 10 x (18/20) = 180/200
  - Task 2: 10 x (19/20) = 190/200
  - Test 1: 30 x (15/20) = 450/600
  - Test 2: 30 x (17/20) = 510/600
  - Activity in lectures: 20 x (18/20) = 360/400
  - Sum: (180 + 190 + 450 + 510 + 360) ÷ (200 + 200 + 600 + 600 + 400) i.e. 1690/2000 = 84.5%
3. Determine the final grade using the rating scale. After calculating the final score (in percent) taking into account the weighted coefficients, compare it with the rating scale, for example, 80-100% - excellent (5); 65-79% - good (4) and so on.
  - In most cases, teachers round up the final score, expressed as a percentage. For example, 84.5% is rounded up to 85%.
Calculating an unweighted final grade using the table editor
1. Create new table. Launch a spreadsheet editor (such as Excel) and create a new spreadsheet. For clarity, enter a title for each column. In the first column, enter the name of the factors ( test papers, exam, activity in the classroom), on which the final grade depends. In the second column, enter the points you have earned, and in the third, enter the maximum possible points.
  - For example, you can name columns like this: "Grade Components", "Scores Earned", "Possible Scores".
2. Enter the data. In the first column, enter the name of each factor that affects the final grade, in the second column, enter the points you received, and in the third, the maximum possible points. If the scores are expressed as a percentage, then the sum of the possible scores should be equal to 100.
3. Add the data in the second and third columns. In the first column, under the names of the components of the final grade, enter "Total" (hereinafter without quotes). Then go to the cell to the right of the cell with the word "Total", that is, to the empty cell at the intersection of the "Total" row and the second column. Enter the sum function, namely "=SUM(", click on the cell with the first score obtained (second column) and drag the frame to the cell with the last score obtained (second column). Enter the closing bracket ")". The sum function should look something like this: =SUM(B2:B6).
  - Repeat the described process for entering the sum function with the highest possible scores, which are in the third column.
  - The sum function can be entered manually (that is, without dragging the box). For example, if your scores are in cells B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, enter the following function: =SUM(B2:B6).
4. Divide the total points earned by the total possible points. Go to the cell at the intersection of the "Total" row and the fourth column. Here, enter "=", click on the cell with the result of summing the points received, enter "/" and click on the cell with the result of summing the possible points. You should end up with something like: =B7/C7.
  - After entering the formula, press Enter. The result of the division will be displayed in the corresponding cell.

That study has a very great importance in the life of every person, hundreds of articles and books are written. But now, when the school is already behind and everything is handed over difficult exams, the moment of further choice comes life path- admission to a university or employment.

When applying to a selected university or job placement, it is often necessary to indicate your academic performance, as a rule, we are talking about the average score of the diploma / certificate, or GPA. To calculate it correctly, you need to know some formulas.

More about GPA

Almost all US universities, for example, require you to indicate GPA, part Russian universities also makes the same request.

The coefficient is calculated on the basis of all grades in the certificate, including term papers, diploma, state exams. Having a certificate in hand, it will not be difficult to make the correct calculation: the sum of all grades should be divided by the number of these grades. Grades from the electronic journal are not taken into account in this case.

With a 5-point system and "pass / fail" marks, there are 2 ways to calculate the average score of a diploma:

Including credits
With this option, the credit weighs 5 points, and the failure weighs 0. Then the calculation is reduced to calculating the arithmetic average of all items in the insert, including credits.

Excluding offsets
By choosing this option, the arithmetic mean of all points in the diploma is calculated.

GPA Calculation Example

The undergraduate student's diploma has the following grades:

1 Philosophy Pass

2 Law history Credit

3 Jurisprudence 4 (Good)

4 French 5 (Excellent)

5 Math 5 (Excellent)

6 Theory of statistics

7 Computer Science 5 (Excellent)

8 Fundamentals of Management 5 (Excellent)

9 Macroeconomics 5 (Excellent)

Only 9 subjects: 3 credits, 6 exams.

Having made a simple calculation, we get the values of the average score:

44/9 = 4.88 with credits or 29/6 = 4.83 without credits.

Claim the highest possible GPA
For example "4.88 out of 5" got a better idea of you.

The transfer of USE scores is made after the primary result is calculated, on the basis of the approved scale, it is converted into test scores.

They play an important role when entering a university and are recorded in the certificate of passing the exam.

Those who finish the 11th grade and are preparing to enter a university are especially interested in learning how the transfer is carried out scoring USE.

Hundreds of thousands of students undergo this procedure every year. To obtain a certificate, it is enough to pass only two subjects - mathematics and Russian.

The rest of the subjects - and a total of 14 of them - are taken on a voluntary basis, depending on the chosen university.

In order for the results to be displayed in the certificate, the graduate needs to score more than the established minimum points.

How are the results of the exam evaluated

The results of the exam are evaluated by the commission and translated into a 100-point system.

There is an algorithm for converting these amounts into more familiar estimates. Officially, this method has not been used since 2009.

But if you wish, you can familiarize yourself with the scale for transferring USE marks.

The evaluation of the results is carried out in two stages:

by the number of completed tasks, the student is given a primary score. It consists of the sum for all tasks performed correctly;
further translation is carried out primary points USE in test. This figure is fixed in the USE certificate and plays an important role for admission to the university. Below is a translation table for the math exam.

Important: the scale is designed taking into account the complexity of the tasks.

Up-to-date information on the exam can always be obtained on the portal http://ege.edu.ru/ru.

What is the minimum score

To receive a USE certificate, a student needs to score more than the established minimum limit in Russian language and mathematics.

It is determined annually for each a separate subject. In fact, the minimum score is the equivalent of a three.

This result reflects that the student has satisfactorily mastered the curriculum.

Minimum score:

Determines the issuance of a certificate of passing the exam.
It is set for each subject annually after passing the exam and before the results are published.

At the end of 2016, in order to obtain a certificate, it was necessary to obtain at least 36 test points in the Russian language.

In mathematics, this limit is 3, and in the profile level - 27.

The difference between primary scores and test scores

When evaluating the results of passing the exam, the primary amount is first set. Then these USE 2017 scores are transferred to test scores.

They are determined on a 100-point scale. This score will be in the USE certificate if it is above the minimum.

When calculating points, the algorithm is as follows:

For each correctly completed task, one or more points are awarded.
At the end, the sum for the entire work is calculated.
The primary USE scores are being translated.

Regarding test scores, they are calculated on a 100-point system. But the amount of primary may differ for different items.

For example, in mathematics, you can get 30 primary points, and for foreign languages this border is 80.

The assessment of the task depends on its complexity. For the tasks of part B, one primary point is awarded for the correct answer.

For part C, there are several options: for tasks 1 and 2, 2 primary points are awarded, the correct answer to question 3 and 4 immediately gives 3, and tasks 5 and 6 will add 4 points to the student's result.

USE scores and grades

Although there is an approximate scale for converting USE scores into grades familiar to all students, since 2009 this system has not been applied.

The refusal to transfer to grades is due to the fact that the amount of points does not affect the indicator in the certificate. It is fixed in a separate certificate.

In the event that a student scored less than the minimum result in one of the compulsory subjects, neither a certificate nor a high school diploma will be issued to him.

If this is a subject from those that are surrendered on a voluntary basis, the result simply will not be counted anywhere.

If an unsatisfactory grade was obtained according to the results of the exam, what should I do? It all depends on what subject.

If the number of points scored is below the minimum in mathematics or in the Russian language, you can retake the exam in the same year on one of the reserve days.
When an unsatisfactory grade is obtained immediately in both subjects, retake is possible only for the next year.
If you fail to score enough points for optional subject You can only retake the exam next year. An unsatisfactory result will not be reflected in any document. In fact, everything will look as if the graduate did not pass this exam at all.

Depending on the subject, a retake is possible either in the same year on reserve days, or in the next.

Thus, if a student fails math at basic level, he can use the reserve days.

And if a low score was obtained by the results profile level, retake will be possible only after a year.

What to do if the graduate does not agree with the assessment

If the graduate is sure that his work deserves a higher rating, he has the right to file an appeal.

In such a situation, the work will be re-considered by the conflict commission.

There are two possible outcomes. When a score appears to be low, the student can either be given points added or deducted.

Important: according to the results of the Unified State Examination in 2010, of all the appeals filed, the third part was satisfied.

The first two parts of the exam are tested without human intervention. The possibility of errors cannot be ruled out.

The reason for this may be illegible handwriting and similar circumstances.

If it appears that the grade is low, students file an appeal.

What is the exam

The general text of the task consists of three parts.

Part A is in the form of a test. Of the four proposed answers, the graduate must choose one correct one.
Part B is possible the following types tasks: writing a one-word answer, choosing several correct options, or establishing correspondence.
In part C, the student is asked to give a detailed answer to the question.

Depending on the type of task, the verification process is different. The first two parts are checked automatically. Responses are scanned by the system and scored.

This process takes place without human intervention. Upon completion of the test, the results are sent to the testing center located in Moscow.

Part C is evaluated by two independent experts. If the results match, this total is set.

If a slight discrepancy is found after evaluation, the average result is displayed.

With a noticeable inconsistency, a third specialist is appointed.

After the verification is completed, all data is sent to a single testing center. There they are processed and fixed in the database.

From there they are sent to the schools where the exam was taken.

How do USE scores affect college admissions?

In order to apply for admission to a university, graduates need to take the exam.

In total, you can apply to 5 universities, in each of them no more than three specialties.

The application is prepared in writing and handed over personally or sent by mail.

If the second option is selected, you will need to issue a registered letter with a description of the attachment, as well as a notification of receipt.

To find out if the application was approved, you need to go to the official website of the university.

When the acceptance of documents is completed, a list of those who apply for enrollment is laid out there. Their results of passing the exam are also given there.

Enrollment takes place in two waves.

When the first list is published, a few days are allotted for applicants to provide the originals of their documents (in most cases they send copies).
If the deadline for submitting documents has expired, but there are still vacancies, a second list is prepared.

To enter the university, you will need the following package of documents:

an application for admission;
certified copies of the certificate and identity document;
a form with a list of points scored according to the results of the exam;
photographs (their size and number are established by the rules of the university).

Other documents may be requested from the applicant. For more information, please contact the university of interest.

The transfer of USE scores in 2017 is carried out according to the same system as in previous years.

To pass the exam, you must score at least minimal amount points, which is set for each subject annually.

To get a diploma and a certificate from USE results, you need to exceed this limit in compulsory subjects.