Novorossiysk Naval School. Nakhimov Naval School (how to apply, documents, terms, conditions, etc.)
50 years ago, during the Great Patriotic War Based on past experience in organizing personnel training for the army and navy, the Suvorov military and Nakhimov naval schools were created in the style of cadet corps. The creation of such schools was the call of the times and became a significant page in the history of the Soviet army and navy. Initially, the schools, as a rule, took "children of soldiers of the Soviet Army and Navy, partisans, Soviet and party workers, workers and collective farmers who died at the hands of the Nazi invaders during the Great Patriotic War." They accepted boys aged 10 to 14 with general education training appropriate for their age in the amount of 2-6 grades elementary school. The pupils of the schools were fully supported by the state. They were given a naval uniform.
The country, in the conditions of a fierce struggle against fascism, found an opportunity and surrounded the children of the war with care and attention. For this, experienced teachers and educators were recalled from the operating fleets and fronts, convenient premises for housing and study were found, and the first pupils were selected.
Nakhimov Naval Schools (secondary educational institution of a closed type), - were formed in accordance with the decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR and the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Belarus) dated August 21, 1943 and were called upon to prepare young men for training in higher naval educational institutions and subsequent service in Navy as officers. These schools received the name "Nakhimov" in honor of the great Russian naval commander, Admiral Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov, Hero Crimean War 1853-1856. He is especially dear to our people because he gave the maximum of his intellectual and moral strength to the service of Russia in the most difficult period of time from the bloody suppression of the Decembrist uprising to the Crimean War. PS Nakhimov was a progressive military figure, a recognized authority in various areas of naval affairs, a talented educator of sailors. "Of the three ways," he said, "to act on subordinates: rewards, fear, and example, the last is the surest."
Schools were created since 1943 in Leningrad, Riga, Tbilisi.
Tbilisi:
The first, by order of the People's Commissar of the Navy N. Kuznetsov dated October 16, 1943, was the Tbilisi Nakhimov Naval School. Of the first educators and teachers, one can name Evgeny Vasilievich Brusnikin, Nikolai Filippovich Chenchik, Mishin, Panin, Boris Vladimirovich Shaikhetov, Leonid Nikolaevich Potapov, Tatyana Valentinovna Delyukina, Olga Fedorovna Gritsak, Kels and many, and many others, whose names are in every heart of their pupils . And the first ones they had to educate and teach were young front-line soldiers - the sons of regiments and cabin boys, who had government military awards. I will name young heroes all schools. This is a participant in the heroic defense of Sevastopol Borya Kuleshin and partisans Vasya Chertenko, on whose chests shone the Order of the Red Star and medals, Vasya Osadchy had three combat medals, Borya Krivtsov was awarded the Nakhimov medal, Kostya Gavrishin the Ushakov medal, Petya Parovov was awarded the Order of the Red Star, Glory of the 3rd degree and the medal For Courage, the cabin boy from the torpedo boat Lyalin, for his courage, was awarded the Order of the Red Star. They were twelve or fifteen at the time.
The routine of life, way of life, the process of training and education were constantly improved, the material and technical base of the school was improved. The routine was barracks: getting up, exercising, classes, lunch, rest, dinner, self-training, free time, evening walk, lights out. Life was adorned with concerts prepared on its own and by invited artists. The exit of the school to one theater or another was always an event. In solemn formation, to the orchestra, the Nakhimovites marched through the city with songs.
Knowledge was obtained first in poorly equipped rooms, and then in new classrooms and classrooms for naval training, physics, chemistry, biology, history and geography, drawing and drafting, literature and mathematics; labor skills were obtained in carpentry, radio engineering and other workshops. Was and labor practice. The Nakhimovites repaired roads, engaged in all sorts of chores, unloaded barges with firewood, wagons with coal, etc. Every year the lessons became more lively, more interesting and clearer. Gradually, modern equipment began to appear in classrooms and offices, various study guides, film projectors, tape recorders and other modern equipment. Taught ballroom and classical dances.
Such an environment for classes was created in the schools, which made it possible, while studying theory, to develop maritime qualities in us, instill a love for the romance of service in the navy and give deep and comprehensive general educational knowledge. Much attention was paid to drill training, so smartness, bearing, a sense of the elbow of a comrade and other skills necessary for the life of each of us were achieved. A special role, of course, was played by educational practice, which includes naval, combined arms and general physical training.
In 1949, the Spartakiad of the Suvorov and Nakhimov schools was held. At this sports festival, the Tbilisi Nakhimov School among all the participants took 16th place, and among the Nakhimov - the first.
Pupils of all schools acquired practical skills, physical training in summer camps on the Black Sea in the village of Falshivy Gelendzhik, in the Baltic, and in one of the picturesque corners on the Karelian Isthmus. V sea voyages on boats and ships, the moral and physical qualities of everyone were tested.
One of the exciting memories of the first Tbilisi pupils was the presentation to the school on April 1, 1945 by the head of the VMUs, the legendary Major General A. Tatarinov, under which the long, full of romance path of all generations of the school then passed. Under this Banner, on May 1, 1951, the Tbilisi Nakhimov School for the first time passed in a parade on Red Square - the main square of the country. The first standard-bearer was one of the first Nakhimovites, the future aquanaut of our fleet, Yura Filipyev (Hero Soviet Union- later). Subsequently, Nakhimovites began to traditionally be invited to Moscow for parades.
Then the Leningrad Nakhimov Naval School was created (decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of June 21, 1944) and the Riga Nakhimov Naval School (Order of the People's Commissar Navy July 21, 1945).
As the first head of the Leningrad Nakhimov Naval School, then captain of the 1st rank, and later Rear Admiral Izachik N.G., recalled, he received an order from the command to coordinate all organizational issues with the leadership of Leningrad, to select a convenient building and the necessary personnel. The city authorities supported the proposal of the military sailors and turned to the government with a proposal to open an independent school, although at first it was only a branch of the Tbilisi Nakhimov Naval School that already existed. It was not easy to find a building to house the school. From several options, Nikolai Georgievich Izachik chose a building on the banks of the Neva and Bolshaya Nevka. It was built in memory of the founder Russian Empire and Russian fleet as a school house named after Peter the Great. Its spire was decorated with the figure of a galley ship. All naval attributes were present. This choice turned out to be successful, and all subsequent years Nakhimov students are deeply grateful to the first head for such a successful location of the school.
Candidates moved to the rank of pupils. First of all, they cut their hair bald, dressed in a sailor's uniform and sent to the camp. The organization was army: the class was called a platoon, two platoons (later - three, and then four) made up a company; the companies were numbered from the eldest - the first, which included seventh graders, to the youngest - the fifth, corresponding to the third grade. Classes (or platoons) were numbered with a double digit. The first is the company number, the second is the platoon number in the company (instead of a letter in civilian numbering). It turned out unusual and difficult, for example: "a pupil of the 13th grade" meant that he studied in the 7th grade, and "a pupil of the 51st grade" - respectively, in the 3rd. In Tbilisi, by the way, the numbering was three-digit: the company number, then the platoon number, and the third digit denoted the class in the generally accepted meaning (the tenth was denoted by zero). In classes (from the third to the seventh) or, in military terms, "in companies", the guys were determined not taking into account age, but taking into account their previous training and their level of knowledge, so classmates, as a rule, differed in age, and the difference reached four years of age. These were just the years taken by the war ...
The pupil is the first official military rank, although the people immediately began to call the guys Nakhimovites. From among the most active, junior commanders were appointed, they were assigned another title"vice sergeant". These guys had special distinctions on shoulder straps, but they did not have disciplinary power, but rather played the role of link and class leaders in ordinary schools. It must be said that since the Nakhimovites did not take the military oath for years, the power of adults was not the same as in the army, it did not quite resemble the army.
The composition of the pupils was very motley. The unwritten laws of the children's community operated among them. At first, they kept in groups - they were afraid that no one would offend; and united in their own way - first the front-line soldiers, fellow soldiers, countrymen, comrades, then already - platoons and companies. There were also their own authorities - those who actually determined the course and course of school life. Nicknames and nicknames quickly appeared. And in the end, a kind of "totem" self-name of the Nakhimovites was formed. They began to call themselves "Pythons". For the first time, the combination of the words "pupils - nurtured - pythons" was recorded in a poem by A. Genkin (2nd company), written in 1947. But, according to his friend V. Soluyanov, this nickname appeared much earlier. It, in consonance with his surname, was received by Valentin Raised, enlisted in the senior (1st) company in 1944. The title "python" is very honorable. Later, the Nakhimov School, in parallel with the "system" (as the higher naval schools were called in the maritime jargon), received an unofficial, almost geographical, respectful name - "Pitonia". It, despite all the prohibitions, has survived decades.
By October 12, 1944, more than half of the contingent had been recruited. The head of the school expected that classes would begin on October 30. But the renovation had not yet been completed, and classes had to be delayed.
In the report to the head of the VMU, Vice Admiral G.A. The head of the school wrote to Stepanov about these days: "... the repair of the building was delayed, four companies in the camp, only the 1st in the school ... It was extremely cold in the school (the heating was not yet working), some of the windows were not glazed, drafts were everywhere , latrines and the kitchen did not work, the electric lighting was not in order, construction debris and collapse were everywhere.
The holiday was approaching - the 27th anniversary October revolution. To this day, it was decided to coincide with the beginning school year. Although the circumstances were not too conducive to solemnity, they nevertheless created a festive atmosphere. November 7 went down in the history of the school as the day of the first call. And only later did the rest of the companies begin to arrive: the 2nd company - on November 12, in December - the 5th and 4th companies, and the last to arrive was the 3rd - on December 20th. The period of emergency restoring order has begun.
In the first academic year, 408 pupils aged 10 to 14 sat down at their desks. Many of them, such as Nikolai Senchugov, Petr Parov and others, came to the school straight from the front and had awards. Of course, it was not easy for them to sit down at a desk again, but most of them overcame the difficulties of their studies and successfully graduated from college.
In this difficult time of the formation of the school the main role belonged to his boss. Nikolai Georgievich Izachik was then forty-three years old. The students called him "Dad". To summarize his rich biography briefly, it must be said that he studied at the Novgorod gymnasium; turned out to be a born agitator, and this determined his future fate. Joining the special-purpose brigade in 1919, he went from political instructor rifle division Southern Front and (after being drafted to the fleet in 1922) reached the head of the political department of the cruiser brigade. After completing a two-year special course at the Naval Academy in 1934, he moved to staff work. In 1942 he was appointed head of the training department of the Office of Naval Educational Institutions of the Navy. In January 1944 he was awarded the Order of the Red Star.
Himself a man of broad culture, Nikolai Georgievich was a supporter of introducing his wards to it. It is curious that one of his first orders for the Nakhimov School, issued when the first candidates were just starting to arrive, read: “From September 11, introduce a system of pre-orders of theater tickets for the personnel of the school with their subsequent purchase in an amount not exceeding the number of applications, Why is it necessary to obtain and publish in advance theatrical repertoire at the school for the coming period of time?
However, the upbringing of the Nakhimovites had to start from another point - from the arrangement of life. This was the most urgent task of the day.
Nikolai Georgievich lived in the school building itself, in an apartment that was originally intended for teaching staff. He delved into everything, even, at first glance, little significant issues in the life of the pupils. Here are the words of one of his first orders concerning everyday life: "... the toilet of pupils in the morning is done poorly, and during the day they walk with dirty hands, face and neck ... all this leads to the development of skin and other diseases in pupils, to disruptions in classes and does not give them a proper cultural and everyday education.Even now, in the conditions of the difficult location of the school, these issues can be completely resolved, and this requires only a proper, loving attitude towards everything of all persons who are entrusted with work with pupils, and on the contrary, the lack of proper attention to one's duties can lead to new negative phenomena.
Nikolai Georgievich wrote up to five such orders a day (and he worked seven days a week). "Devastating" at first glance, they are imbued with sincere concern for the guys and downright gentle attitude towards them. At the same time, he was "cool" with the teachers. He certainly ended his appeals to them with a reminder that their pupils were future officers of the fleet.
Abrupt measures, alas, were necessary - they were dictated by difficult living conditions. All study and sleeping quarters were located at that time in the current main building. There was not enough space for the Nakhimovites, and builders still worked and lived in the building; there were interruptions in the supply of water to the upper floors, where the sleeping quarters were located; heating was not established in the wing where the assembly hall is located, and under the hall there was an infirmary, which means that there was no heat there either. In the classrooms, Nakhimov students sat in overcoats. But all these difficulties did not exclude the need to observe the order established in the fleet.
In 1948, the first issue took place. Since then, ceremonial graduations have been held annually on board the Aurora cruiser. This historic ship, a participant in the Russian-Japanese, Russian-German and World War II, was at the suggestion of Admiral I.S. Isakov was installed next to the school for eternal parking as a living reminder to the Nakhimovites about the traditions and heroic deeds of the sailors of the Russian and Soviet fleets, as well as a training base for the study of naval affairs.
In 1949, a change took place in Nakhimovsky: Captain 1st Rank Grishchenko was appointed head of the school instead of N.G. Isachika. Izachik himself was in Moscow at that time, preparing his pets for the next parade. On May 5, he returns with them to Leningrad, on May 14 he is awarded the rank of rear admiral, and on May 27 he signs the last order for the school ...
Captain 1st rank G.E. Grishchenko. Education: Marine Technical School, then Faculty of Mathematics, Moscow University. Reads and speaks Spanish fluently. In 1925, he was a signalman on the cruiser Komintern, soon becoming a classy cryptographer. In 1936 he was awarded the Order of the Red Star for Spain. "... An energetic, well-trained officer," one of the books says about him. "With great combat experience, he participated in Spain as a volunteer ..." And Rear Admiral N.G. Izachika was waiting for the position of deputy head for training and scientific work Directorate of Naval Educational Institutions of the Navy. Two years later, he was again transferred to Leningrad, and in 1954, at the age of only fifty-three, he would be transferred to the reserve due to illness, "with the right to wear a uniform with special distinctive signs on shoulder straps." After the service, Izachik led an active life, was chairman of the council of veterans of the Kirov region and a delegate to the XXVII Congress of the CPSU, often met with Nakhimovites, talked about his work, about the service of a sailor. The age of the century (born in 1901), Nikolai Georgievich lived to be almost a hundred years old, outliving many of his pupils. He died in November 1997.
Heads, teachers, educators of those ancient years - their contribution to the formation of the Nakhimov School is enormous. And of course, the first graduates are the main result of their work.
The first wartime teachers and today's teachers are remembered here. Teachers such as Akvilonov S.A., Mishin N.I., Eljanov S.A., Shirokov V.V., Bazilevskaya K.V. began to teach Nakhimov students. Later, they were replaced by teachers Pupkov E.G., Panina N.V., Shitova E.A., Smirnov V.M. All of them bore the honorary title "Honored Teacher of the RSFSR". At present, honored teachers of the school of Russia Yu. Chistyakov, V. Popov, V. Dizhe, A. Klochkova teach modern Nakhimov students. Many teachers have the highest qualification category and extensive teaching experience. They diligently seek the necessary forms and methods of work in modern conditions. Under their leadership, the Nakhimovites not only fully master curriculum, but also successfully participate in regional and city olympiads and competitions.
Nakhimovites are future naval officers. What is the main quality of a naval officer? Here at all times there was one opinion.
Once the commander of the Pacific Fleet, Admiral N.N. Amelko recalled an episode of the first days of the war, when the Baltic Fleet, after the seaports of Riga and Liepaja had already been captured, was forced to make its unprecedented transition from Tallinn to Kronstadt. The ships were then under constant fire from the Germans. On the training ship "Leningradsovet", which was then commanded by Amelko, there was a group of trainees - cadets of the school. M.V. Frunze and their leader L.A. Polenov. In one of the difficult moments, when it seemed that the ship would not withstand the attack of the enemy, the young commander asked Polenov, the former commander of the Aurora cruiser, who was not leaving the bridge: "What should the commander do in the first place in such cases?" The hereditary nobleman replied: "Officers should put on clean linen and the best uniforms and unquestioningly fulfill their duty." The Nakhimovites, who after the war captain 1st rank Polenov was a teacher, recalled these words of his as the last instruction.
Now they began to talk about what was not accepted or even hidden before - about the heroism of the Nakhimovites.
From the simple and honest deeds of the guys, from their high moral qualities, an invariable readiness for a feat, a readiness to sacrifice oneself grows. On August 10, 1956, in the village where Stanislav Denisov, a Nakhimov member of the 2nd company, was spending his summer vacation, a house suddenly caught fire. Denisov heroically proved himself in the fire, a letter of thanks came to the school. On July 21, 1960, during a fire on the ship, Vladimir Pavlov, a senior Nakhimov student, died "in the line of duty". On August 13, 1966, Kostya Nesmiyan died during the arrest of a criminal. In September 1992, Dmitry Petrovsky stood up for the honor of the fleet, was stabbed in the heart and miraculously survived, saved by military doctors. Six months later, Admiral I. V. Kasatonov presented him with the Order "For Personal Courage".
On the account of Nakhimov there are awards and more impressive. The title of Hero of Russia was awarded to three pupils of the Leningrad Nakhimovsky: Alexander Berzin, for whom the title of "submariner from God" was firmly established; Vsevolod Khmyrov, awarded for testing new technology; Timur Apakidze, who "could fly on everything that could fly." Only occasionally in enthusiastic descriptions of their life path you can find at least a short one: "He graduated from the Nakhimov School", and it was here that they took their first step towards a feat.
No one knows how many graduates of the Nakhimov School died and how many survived in the silent war to achieve parity at sea. But they were everywhere. During the Caribbean crisis, a graduate of 1949 B.A. Kuznetsov was on a submarine off the coast of America (awarded the Order of the Red Star). There were Nakhimovites at the test sites where powerful nuclear bombs exploded, and in Chernobyl, and in Afghanistan, and in other hot spots on the planet.
On the first Soviet nuclear submarine "K-3", which in June 1962 reached the North Pole, served from the first days of its dramatic history until the accident in 1967, navigator Oleg Pevtsov (graduate of the Leningrad Nakhimov School in 1952, awarded the Order of Lenin) . The eighth commander of this boat (already bearing the name "Leninsky Komsomol") in 1984-1986. was Oleg Burtsev, Nakhimov graduate of 1970, future vice admiral. Since the appearance of the first nuclear boats, possibly on the same "K-3", Eric Kovalev began his service in 1956, and in 1969 he commanded a boat that, for the first time in the history of our fleet, plunged to a depth of 400 meters. Exits to the sea took place in an atmosphere of acute confrontation with the American submarine fleet. On July 21, 1970, the commander of the K-108 nuclear submarine Boris Bagdasaryan (whom Captain 1st Rank Izachik almost expelled from the school) in combat service collided with a US submarine, which stubbornly followed ours. The hull of the Soviet submarine turned out to be stronger than the American one; Boris has a piece of the "American" plating as a "souvenir" at home. And the commander of the boat K-219 during the accident in 1986, which happened off the very coast of America, was also a Nakhimov resident (class of 1968) Igor Britanov. On his boat, there was an explosion in the missile silo. The boat sank in the Bermuda region, but thanks to the courage and self-sacrifice of the crew, it was prevented ecological catastrophy. Together with the gratitude of the American people, Britanov received an apology from the command Naval Forces USA.
During the accident on nuclear boat"Komsomolets" On April 7, 1989, navigator captain-lieutenant Mikhail Smirnov died, Andrey Makhota showed courage, commander of the BCH-3 group, Lieutenant Konstantin Fedotko (graduation of 1982). During the accident on April 7, 1989, he was on board and survived, was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. All of them are former Nakhimovites.
A veteran of the fleet, a specialist in deep-sea diving, Leonid Ley, a graduate of the Nakhimov School in 1951, participated in the examination of the site of the boat accident.
On the submarine "Kursk", the death of which shocked the whole world, there were six Nakhimov soldiers. Unfortunately, there are such milestones in the history of the school ...
Since 1955, one Nakhimov school has been operating in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg).
It was staffed by young men aged 14-17 with incomplete secondary education. The term of study was 3 years.
The school has an excellent educational and material base, teachers and educators, according to tradition, are the best. It is located in the historical center of St. Petersburg, near the legendary cruiser "Aurora", where students not only learn the "basics" of naval life, but are imbued with the glorious history of the Russian fleet for life.
During the years of existence of the Nakhimov schools, more than one generation of young men went through the school of naval friendship and true brotherhood. All graduates of the Nakhimov military schools were brought up in the spirit of loyalty to the Navy, devotion to the Fatherland, readiness for self-sacrifice, loyalty to the glorious traditions of the Motherland and its Navy. And there is confidence that no matter how the life of Nakhimov graduates develops in the future, they will remain faithful to the naval brotherhood until the end of their days.
Since 1991, Nakhimovites have been systematically participating in long-distance sea and foreign campaigns. Over the years they have traveled to Finland and Holland, England and France, Belgium and Denmark, Greece and Bulgaria, and other countries. Nakhimov students under the guidance of experienced officers of the school of captain 1st rank Popkov A.A., captains 2nd rank Demkin V.G., Strogov V.I. trips were made to the Atlantic and around Europe with visits to the seas, where Russian sailors fought gloriously and fulfilled their duty to the Motherland. On the chest of many Nakhimov soldiers, the signs "For a long march" shone, and this inspired them in their studies and further service.
The school has been representing the Navy for many years at military parades in Moscow and St. Petersburg. The invariable assessment of their passage by the command is "excellent". In 1996, for the exemplary passage through Red Square, the parade regiment of the school received a personal gratitude from the Supreme Commander-in-Chief - the President of Russia. High combat training, beautiful military bearing - these are the distinguishing qualities of the students of the Nakhimov Naval School. They showed the same qualities at the Main Naval Parade in honor of the 300th anniversary of the Russian Fleet in St. Petersburg in July 1996.
And even if in difficult times the competition in Nakhimovskoye falls to two people per place, the heirs of the military glory of the fleet go to the school. Filipp Avanesov entered the school, the son of the deceased senior assistant commander of Komsomolets, other sons came fallen heroes. In 1996, half of the Nakhimovites were from military families. Boys go to school, obsessed with the dream of the sea, barely aware of the concept of "duty to the Motherland."
School graduates serve on the front lines. They sacredly honor the testament of Admiral Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov: “There is no difficult or easy way for a sailor. There is one way - glorious!”
Subject, goals, main tasks and activities of the school (from the Charter of the NVMU)
Subject of activity- educational activities aimed at achieving the goals of the activity. The school was created to perform work, provide services in order to ensure the implementation of the Russian Federation powers of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation in the field of education.the main goal- implementation educational activities on educational programs of basic general and secondary general education.
Main tasks:
Main activities:
The School carries out other activities, only insofar as it serves the achievement of the goals for which it was created, and corresponding to these goals.
Detailed information on the rules for admission to the Nakhimov Naval School of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation is available on the official website of the NVMU: http://nvmu.info/about/abitur
Photo source: www.nvmu.ru
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nakhimov Naval School- view of the naval school in the Russian Federation and the USSR.
Unlike most naval schools, the Nakhimov Naval School is not a higher educational institution, but is focused on preparing students for study at military universities, like the Suvorov Military Schools. At the school, training consists of two parts: the secondary school program for grades 5-11 and special naval training. At the end of the school, its graduates are not awarded an officer's rank. The term of study is 7 years. Students at the Nakhimov Naval School are called Nakhimovites.
Currently, the only operating Nakhimov Naval School is located in Saint Petersburg. The summer training base of the school is located on the western coast of Lake Nakhimov.
Story
The first Nakhimov Naval School was founded in 1944 by a resolution of the Council People's Commissars Union of the SSR of June 21, 1944 No. 745 and by order of the People's Commissar of the Navy of the USSR of June 23, 1944 No. 280 for the device, training and education of the sons of soldiers of the Navy, the Red Army and partisans of the Great Patriotic War. Initially, it was only about opening Tbilisi Nakhimov Naval School. But later they opened Leningrad and Riga Nakhimov Naval Schools.
Until 2009, the school accepted only males who studied English as a foreign language at school. But in 2009, due to a change in recruitment rules, the school began to recruit females. In 2014, the last issue of girls was produced.
see also
- Black Sea Higher Naval Order of the Red Star School named after P. S. Nakhimov
- Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School
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An excerpt characterizing the Nakhimov School
“God is merciful, dove. - Nanny lit candles entwined with gold in front of the icon-case and sat down at the door with a stocking. Princess Mary took the book and began to read. Only when footsteps or voices were heard did the princess look frightened, inquiringly, and the nanny looked at each other reassuringly. At all ends of the house, the same feeling that Princess Mary experienced while sitting in her room was overflowing and possessed everyone. I believe that what less people knows about the sufferings of the puerperal, the less she suffers, everyone tried to pretend to be ignorant; no one talked about it, but in all people, except for the usual degree and respectfulness of good manners that reigned in the prince's house, there was one kind of general concern, softened heart and consciousness of something great, incomprehensible, happening at that moment.There was no laughter in the big girls' room. In the waiter's room, all the people sat in silence, ready for something. On the courtyard they burned torches and candles and did not sleep. The old prince, stepping on his heel, walked around the study and sent Tikhon to Marya Bogdanovna to ask: what? - Just tell me: the prince ordered to ask what? and come and tell me what she will say.
“Report to the prince that the birth has begun,” said Marya Bogdanovna, looking significantly at the messenger. Tikhon went and reported to the prince.
“Very well,” said the prince, shutting the door behind him, and Tikhon no longer heard the slightest sound in the study. A little later, Tikhon entered the office, as if to fix the candles. Seeing that the prince was lying on the sofa, Tikhon looked at the prince, at his upset face, shook his head, silently approached him and, kissing him on the shoulder, went out without adjusting the candles and without saying why he had come. The most solemn sacrament in the world continued to be performed. The evening passed, the night came. And the feeling of expectation and softening of the heart before the incomprehensible did not fall, but rose. Nobody slept.
It was one of those March nights when winter seems to want to take its toll and pour out its last snows and snowstorms with desperate anger. To meet the German doctor from Moscow, who was expected every minute and for whom a set-up was sent to the main road, to the turn into a country road, horsemen with lanterns were sent to lead him along the bumps and gaps.
Princess Mary had long since left the book: she sat in silence, fixing her radiant eyes on the wrinkled, familiar to the smallest detail, face of the nanny: at the lock of gray hair that had come out from under the scarf, at the hanging bag of skin under the chin.
Nanny Savishna, with a stocking in her hands, in a low voice, without hearing and not understanding her own words, told hundreds of times about how the deceased princess in Chisinau gave birth to Princess Marya, with a Moldavian peasant woman, instead of a grandmother.
“God have mercy, you never need a doctor,” she said. Suddenly a gust of wind blew on one of the exposed frames of the room (by the prince’s will, one frame was always set up with larks in each room) and, having beaten off the poorly pushed bolt, ruffled the damask curtain, and smelling of cold, snow, blew out the candle. Princess Mary shuddered; the nanny, putting down her stocking, went up to the window, and leaning out began to catch the open frame. Cold wind ruffled the ends of her handkerchief and gray, stray strands of hair.
- Princess, mother, someone is driving along the prefecture! she said, holding the frame and not closing it. - With lanterns, it must be, dokhtur ...
- Oh my god! Thank God! - said Princess Mary, - we must go to meet him: he does not know Russian.
Princess Marya threw on her shawl and ran to meet the travelers. When she passed the front hall, she saw through the window that some kind of carriage and lamps were standing at the entrance. She went out onto the stairs. A tallow candle stood on the railing post and flowed from the wind. The waiter Philip, with a frightened face and with another candle in his hand, was standing below, on the first landing of the stairs. Even lower, around the bend, on the stairs, steps could be heard moving in warm boots. And some kind of familiar voice, as it seemed to Princess Mary, was saying something.
During the Great Patriotic War, based on past experience in organizing personnel training for the army and navy, Nakhimov naval schools were created in the style of cadet corps. The creation of such schools was the call of the times and became an important page in the history of the Soviet army and navy. Initially, the schools, as a rule, took "children of soldiers of the Soviet Army and Navy, partisans, Soviet and party workers, workers and collective farmers who died at the hands of the Nazi invaders during the Great Patriotic War." They accepted boys aged 10 to 14 years old with general education corresponding to their age in the volume of 2-6 grades of primary school. The pupils of the schools were fully supported by the state. They were given a naval uniform.
At the initiative of Admiral Kuznetsov, in the conditions of a fierce struggle against fascism, Our Country found an opportunity and surrounded children left without parents with care and attention. For this, experienced teachers and educators were recalled from the operating fleets and fronts, convenient premises for housing and study were found, and the first pupils were selected.
Nakhimov Naval Schools were formed in accordance with the decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR and the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Belarus dated August 21, 1943 and were called upon to prepare young men for training in higher naval educational institutions and subsequent service in the Navy as officers. These schools received the name "Nakhimov" in honor of the great Russian naval commander, Admiral Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov, Hero of the Crimean War of 1853-1856. bloody suppression of the Decembrist uprising before the Crimean War. PS Nakhimov was a progressive military figure, a recognized authority in various areas of naval affairs, a talented educator of sailors. “Of the three ways,” he said, “to act on subordinates: rewards, fear and example, the last is the surest”
Nakhimov schools for wounded animals were created in Tbilisi, Leningrad and Riga.
The first, by order of the People's Commissar of the Navy N. Kuznetsov dated October 16, 1943, was the Tbilisi Nakhimov Naval School.
Tbilisi:
Of the first educators and teachers, one can name Evgeny Vasilievich Brusnikin, Nikolai Filippovich Chenchik, Mishin, Panin, Boris Vladimirovich Shaikhetov, Leonid Nikolaevich Potapov, Tatyana Valentinovna Delyukina, Olga Fedorovna Gritsak, Kels and many, and many others, whose names are in every heart of their pupils . And the first ones they had to educate and teach were young front-line soldiers - the sons of regiments and cabin boys, who had government military awards. I will name the young heroes of all schools. This is a participant in the heroic defense of Sevastopol Borya Kuleshin and partisans Vasya Chertenko, on whose children's breasts shone the Order of the Red Star and medals, Vasya Osadchy, my father's friend, sparkled three combat medals, Borya Krivtsov was awarded the Nakhimov medal, Kostya Gavrishin the medal " Ushakov", Petya Parovov with the orders of the "Red Star", "Glory of the 3rd degree" and the medal "For Courage", the cabin boy from the torpedo boat Lyalin, for his courage, was awarded the Order of the "Red Star". They were twelve or fifteen at the time.
Release of the Tbilisi Nakhimov School 1951
The routine of life, way of life, the process of training and education were constantly improved, the material and technical base of the school was improved. The routine was barracks: getting up, exercising, classes, lunch, rest, dinner, self-training, free time, evening walk, lights out. Life was adorned with concerts prepared on its own and by invited artists. The exit of the school to one theater or another was always an event. In solemn formation, to the orchestra, the Nakhimovites marched through the city with songs.
Knowledge was obtained first in poorly equipped rooms, and then in new classrooms and classrooms for naval training, physics, chemistry, biology, history and geography, drawing and drafting, literature and mathematics; labor skills were obtained in carpentry, radio engineering and other workshops. There was also an internship. The Nakhimovites repaired roads, engaged in all sorts of chores, unloaded barges with firewood, wagons with coal, etc. Every year the lessons became more lively, more interesting and clearer. Modern equipment, various teaching aids, film projectors, tape recorders and other modern equipment gradually began to appear in classrooms and classrooms. Taught ballroom and classical dances.
Such an environment for classes was created in the schools, which made it possible, while studying theory, to develop maritime qualities in pupils, instill a love for the romance of service in the navy and give deep and comprehensive general educational knowledge. Much attention was paid to drill training, so smartness, bearing, a sense of the elbow of a comrade and other skills necessary for the life of each of us were achieved. A special role, of course, was played by educational practice, which includes naval, combined arms and general physical training.
In 1949, the Spartakiad of the Suvorov and Nakhimov schools was held. At this sports festival, the Tbilisi Nakhimov School among all the participants took 16th place, and among the Nakhimov - the first.
Pupils of all schools acquired practical skills, physical training in summer camps on the Black Sea in the village of Falshivyy Gelendzhik, in the Baltic, and in one of the picturesque corners on the Karelian Isthmus. In sea voyages on boats and ships, the moral and physical qualities of everyone were tested.
One of the exciting memories of the first Tbilisi pupils was the presentation to the school on April 1, 1945 by the head of the VMUs, the legendary Major General A. Tatarinov, under which the long, full of romance path of all generations of the school then passed. Under this Banner, on May 1, 1951, the Tbilisi Nakhimov School for the first time passed in a parade on Red Square - the main square of the country. The first standard-bearer was one of the first Nakhimov soldiers, the future aquanaut of our fleet, Yura Filipyev (later Hero of the Soviet Union). Subsequently, Nakhimovites began to traditionally be invited to Moscow for parades.
Tbilisi Nakhimov Naval School. My Father is bottom right
Leningrad.
Then the Leningrad Nakhimov Naval School was created (decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of June 21, 1944). cadet corps. The creation of such schools was the call of the times and became a significant page in the history of the Soviet army and navy. Initially, the schools, as a rule, took "children of soldiers of the Soviet Army and Navy, partisans, Soviet and party workers, workers and collective farmers who died at the hands of the Nazi invaders during the Great Patriotic War." They accepted boys aged 10 to 14 with general education corresponding to their age in the volume of 2-6 grades of primary school. The pupils of the schools were fully supported by the state. They were given a naval uniform.
The country, in the conditions of a fierce struggle against fascism, found an opportunity and surrounded the children of the war with care and attention. For this, experienced teachers and educators were recalled from the operating fleets and fronts, convenient premises for housing and study were found, and the first pupils were selected.
Nakhimov Naval Schools (secondary educational institution of a closed type), - were formed in accordance with the decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR and the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Belarus) dated August 21, 1943 and were called upon to prepare young men for training in higher naval educational institutions and subsequent service in Navy as officers. These schools received the name "Nakhimov" in honor of the great Russian naval commander, Admiral Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov, Hero of the Crimean War of 1853-1856. bloody suppression of the Decembrist uprising before the Crimean War. PS Nakhimov was a progressive military figure, a recognized authority in various areas of naval affairs, a talented educator of sailors. “Of the three ways,” he said, “to act on subordinates: rewards, fear and example, the last is the surest” (Order of the People's Commissar of the Navy of July 21, 1945).
Leningrad
As the first head of the Leningrad Nakhimov Naval School, then captain of the 1st rank, and later Rear Admiral Izachik N.G., recalled, he received an order from the command to coordinate all organizational issues with the leadership of Leningrad, to select a convenient building and the necessary personnel. The city authorities supported the proposal of the military sailors and turned to the government with a proposal to open an independent school, although at first it was only a branch of the Tbilisi Nakhimov Naval School that already existed. It was not easy to find a building to house the school. From several options, Nikolai Georgievich Izachik chose a building on the banks of the Neva and Bolshaya Nevka. It was built in memory of the founder of the Russian Empire and the Russian Navy as a school building named after Peter the Great. Its spire was decorated with the figure of a galley ship. All naval attributes were present. This choice turned out to be successful, and all subsequent years Nakhimov students are deeply grateful to the first head for such a successful location of the school.
Candidates moved to the rank of pupils. First of all, they cut their hair bald, dressed in a sailor's uniform and sent to the camp. The organization was army: the class was called a platoon, two platoons (later - three, and then four) made up a company; the companies were numbered from the eldest - the first, which included seventh graders, to the youngest - the fifth, corresponding to the third grade. Classes (or platoons) were numbered with a double digit. The first is the company number, the second is the platoon number in the company (instead of a letter in civilian numbering). It turned out unusual and difficult, for example: "a pupil of the 13th grade" meant that he studied in the 7th grade, and "a pupil of the 51st grade" - respectively, in the 3rd. In Tbilisi, by the way, the numbering was three-digit: the company number, then the platoon number, and the third digit denoted the class in the generally accepted meaning (the tenth was denoted by zero). In classes (from the third to the seventh) or, in military terms, "in companies", the guys were determined not taking into account age, but taking into account their previous training and their level of knowledge, so classmates, as a rule, differed in age, and the difference reached four years of age. These were just the years taken by the war ...
Pupil - the first official military rank, although the people immediately began to call the guys Nakhimov
Nakhimovites - participants in the war, awarded military orders and medals
(from left to right): G. Mikhailov, K. Gavrishin, V. Fedorov, P. Parov, A. Starichkov, N. Senchugov.
Nakhimov P. Parov, awarded the Order of the Red Star,
Glory of the 3rd degree and the medal "For Military Merit". 1945
Nakhimov in the summer camp. 1940s
Excellence in combat rifle shooting: G. Bakurov, Yu. Orlov, V. Belyaev, E. Zero, I. Sidorov. 1947
Pupils of the school hang birdhouses, as if they feel confident on the mast of the Ship. 1959
A graduate of the school in 1948, Lieutenant R. A. Zubkov among the young Nakhimovites. Photo by A. I. Brodsky. 1952
Nakhimovites Yu. Klimov and V. Ushakov demonstrate a model of the battleship "Admiral Senyavin" to Rear Admiral V. Yegoriev. Photo by I. A. Brodsky. 1952
In the physics classroom. 1965
Teacher N. A. Gruzdova conducts classes in mathematics. 1961
Concert number "Monument to the dead sailors-heroes". 1964
Veteran of the Great Patriotic War midshipman P. A. Budenkov among the pupils of the school. 1958
A group of foreign cadets with Nakhimov soldiers near the building of the Nakhimov Naval School. Leningrad.
Riga
The real formation of the Riga Nakhimov Naval School began on August 30, 1945, when the organizational structure was created, officers, foremen and Teaching Staff, educational and residential premises were improved, the recruitment of students was carried out intensively and purposefully - all these activities made it possible to start the educational process in a timely manner.
January 1, 1946 is considered the official date of birth of the Riga Nakhimov Naval School.
Head of the Riga Nakhimov School Captain 1st Rank Konstantin Alexandrovich Bezpalchev
The workload was significant. Besides general education subjects, studied three foreign languages (French, English, German). There were lessons in singing, music, dancing.
In addition to the basic disciplines, the school paid great attention to cultural development. Pupils were in theaters. Celebrities came to visit - actresses Alla Tarasova, Lyubov Orlova, film directors ...
Exit of the Riga Nakhimov School to the May Day parade. 1947.
Standard-bearer - Sergey Gladyshev.
Assistants: on the left - Albert Akatov, on the right - Felix Martinson
In 1946, as a result of a monstrous judicial and administrative error, Admiral N.G. Kuznetsov, who was then the People's Commissar of the Navy, was reduced in military rank to vice admiral, removed from his post and appointed head of the Higher Educational Institution of Higher Education, where he was for several months. At the end of 1947, N.G. Kuznetsov visited the Riga Nakhimov School with an inspection. Of course they were amazing. Soon justice was restored, N.G. Kuznetsov in 1951 was appointed to the post of Minister of the Navy, and since 1953 - Commander-in-Chief of the Navy with the assignment in 1955 of the rank of Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union. However, in 1956, for the second time, he completely undeservedly fell into disgrace: he was demoted to vice admiral, removed from his post and dismissed. Died in 1974. Only thanks to the firm perseverance and tireless activity of veteran organizations and the naval community, N.G. Kuznetsov in 1988 was posthumously reinstated in the military rank of Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union. This is a man thanks to whom we had the best Nakhimov Schools, where hundreds of thousands of the best officers for the fleet were educated.
Nikolai Gerasimovich Kuznetsov - great naval commander of the Soviet Union
The title of Hero of Russia was awarded to three pupils of the Leningrad Nakhimovsky: Alexander Berzin, for whom the title of "submariner from God" was firmly established; Vsevolod Khmyrov, awarded for testing new technology; Timur Apakidze, who "could fly on everything that could fly." Only occasionally in enthusiastic descriptions of their life path can one find at least a short one: “He graduated from the Nakhimov School,” and it was here that they took their first step towards a feat.
No one knows how many graduates of the Nakhimov School died and how many survived in the silent war to achieve parity at sea. But they were everywhere. During the Caribbean crisis, a graduate of 1949 B.A. Kuznetsov was on a submarine off the coast of America (awarded the Order of the Red Star). There were Nakhimovites at the test sites where powerful nuclear bombs exploded, and in Chernobyl, and in Afghanistan, and in other hot spots on the planet.
On the first Soviet nuclear submarine "K-3", which in June 1962 reached the North Pole, served from the first days of its dramatic history until the accident in 1967, navigator Oleg Pevtsov (graduate of the Leningrad Nakhimov School in 1952, awarded the Order of Lenin) . The eighth commander of this boat (already bearing the name "Leninsky Komsomol") in 1984-1986. was Oleg Burtsev, Nakhimov graduate of 1970, future vice admiral. Since the appearance of the first nuclear boats, possibly on the same "K-3", Eric Kovalev began his service in 1956, and in 1969 he commanded a boat that, for the first time in the history of our fleet, plunged to a depth of 400 meters. Exits to the sea took place in an atmosphere of acute confrontation with the American submarine fleet. On July 21, 1970, the commander of the K-108 nuclear submarine Boris Bagdasaryan (whom Captain 1st Rank Izachik almost expelled from the school) in combat service collided with a US submarine, which stubbornly followed ours. The hull of the Soviet submarine turned out to be stronger than the American one; Boris has a piece of the "American" plating as a "souvenir" at home. And the commander of the boat K-219 during the accident in 1986, which happened off the very coast of America, was also a Nakhimov resident (class of 1968) Igor Britanov. On his boat, there was an explosion in the missile silo. The boat sank in the Bermuda region, but thanks to the courage and self-sacrifice of the crew, an ecological disaster was averted. Along with the gratitude of the American people, Britanov received an apology from the command of the US Navy.
During the accident on the nuclear boat "Komsomolets" on April 7, 1989, navigator captain-lieutenant Mikhail Smirnov died, Andrey Makhota, commander of the BCH-3 group, lieutenant Konstantin Fedotko (graduation of 1982) showed courage. During the accident on April 7, 1989, he was on board and survived, was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. All of them are former Nakhimovites.
A veteran of the fleet, a specialist in deep-sea diving, Leonid Ley, a graduate of the Nakhimov School in 1951, participated in the examination of the site of the boat accident.
Since 1955, there has been one Nakhimov School in Leningrad, now it is already the city of St. Petersburg.
The cruiser "Aurora" and the Nakhimov Naval School in St. Petersburg
Happy Nautical School Day! Happy Holidays! Happiness, Health, Love and seven feet near Kiel!
Nakhimov Naval School- (Petrogradskaya embankment, 2-4), created in Leningrad by decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of July 21, 1944. Children (boys) were accepted, primarily soldiers of the Red Army, the Navy, partisans and underground workers, workers and collective farmers who died on the fronts of the Great ... ... Encyclopedic reference book "St. Petersburg"
Secondary educational institution for preparing young men for training in higher naval schools. The Tbilisi (1943), Leningrad (1944) and Riga (1945) Nakhimov Naval Schools were created. Since 1956, only Leningrad has been functioning, where ... Marine Dictionary
- (Petrogradskaya embankment, 2 4), created in Leningrad by decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of July 21, 1944. Children (boys), primarily soldiers of the Red Army, the Navy, partisans and underground workers, workers and collective farmers who died on the fronts of the Great ... St. Petersburg (encyclopedia)
This article is about the Nakhimov Naval School in Saint Petersburg. For all the Nakhimov schools that existed in the USSR, see Nakhimov School ... Wikipedia
For the Leningrad Nakhimov Naval School, see Nakhimov Naval School. For the Riga Nakhimov Naval School, see Riga Nakhimov Naval School. Tbilisi Nakhimov Naval ... ... Wikipedia
The Nakhimov School, which opened in the USSR in Leningrad (1944) and currently exists under the name: St. Petersburg Nakhimov Naval School. Contents 1 History 2 Activities ... Wikipedia
Riga Nakhimov Naval School ... Wikipedia
- ... Wikipedia
Wed unfold Title of secondary special educational institution, in which students undergo initial naval training in preparation for admission to the naval academy; nakhimov school. Explanatory Dictionary of Ephraim. T. F. Efremova.… … Modern Dictionary Russian language Efremova
They train command, political, engineering and special personnel for all types of armed forces, combat arms and special forces. In the USSR to V. at. h. include military academies, higher and secondary military schools, military faculties ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia
Books
- Fundamentals of military training (for Suvorov, Nakhimov and cadet schools). 5-6 grade. Textbook, Mikryukov Vasily Yurievich. Contains information about the military glory of Russia and Russian military traditions, regulations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, drill and fire training. For students in grades 5-6 federal ...
- Fundamentals of military training (for cadet, Suvorov, Nakhimov schools). Grades 7-9, Mikryukov Vasily Yurievich. The textbook contains information about the history of the creation and development of the Russian Armed Forces; about the modern Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and the United States; the military-political bloc of NATO; military...
