Scenario of the event for the day of the young anti-fascist hero. Class hour "the day of the young hero of the anti-fascist" Why February 8 is the day of the young hero of the anti-fascist

25.01.2021

February 8 is the Day of Remembrance of the Young Anti-Fascist Hero February 8 is the day of courage and patriotism. The day of the young anti-fascist hero has been celebrated in the world since 1964, which was approved by the next UN Assembly, in honor of the dead participants in anti-fascist demonstrations - the French schoolboy Daniel Fery (1962) and the Iraqi boy Fadil Jamal (1963). It so happened that five Parisian boys from the Buffon Lyceum, Jean Marie Argus, Pierre Benois, Jean Baudrey, Pierre Grell, Lucien Legros, who did not betray their underground friends during the Second World War, were shot on that day. On the same day, the heroes of the Young Guard Oleg Koshevoy, Lyubov Shevtsova, Dmitry Ogurtsov, Viktor Subbotin, Semyon Ostapenko (1943) were shot in Krasnodon captured by the Nazis. Coincidences may be accidental, but they exist, supplementing this day with historical responsibility. So let's figure out who an anti-fascist is. An anti-fascist is a person who disagrees with the ideology of fascism or participates in anti-fascist actions. Fascism is a current that brings violence, war, evil, oppression and destruction of people of another race. On this day Special attention the pioneer heroes of the Great Patriotic War certainly deserve it. Before the war, they were the most ordinary boys and girls. They studied, helped the elders, played, ran, jumped, broke their noses and knees. Only relatives, classmates and friends knew their names. The time has come - they showed how huge a small children's heart can become when a sacred love for the Motherland and hatred for its enemies flare up in it. Boys. Girls. On their fragile shoulders lay the weight of adversity, disasters, grief of the war years. And they did not bend under this weight, they became stronger in spirit, more courageous, more enduring. Little heroes of the big war. They fought next to the elders - fathers, brothers, next to the communists and Komsomol members. Fought everywhere. At sea, like Borya Kuleshin. Borya Kuleshin. Warship of the Black Sea Fleet, leader destroyers"Tashkent", took part in combat operations in the defense of the hero city of Sevastopol in the Great Patriotic War. A twelve-year-old cabin boy Borya Kuleshin served on this ship. Spring 1942. On the Sevastopol pier at the gangway warship"Tashkent" - a boy. He wants to beat the enemy together with everyone, to drive him from his native land. Borya Kuleshin is only 12 years old, but he knows well what war is: it is native city in ruins and conflagrations, this is the death of a father at the front, this is separation from his mother, who was driven away to Germany. The boy persuades the commander to take him on the ship. Sea, bombs, explosions. Planes are bombing. On board the ship, Borya gives the anti-aircraft gunners heavy clips with shells - one after another, not knowing fatigue, not knowing fear, and in the intervals between battles he helps the wounded, takes care of them. Borya spent more than 2 heroic years on the sea, on a warship, fighting the Nazis for the freedom of our Motherland. In the sky, like Arkasha Kamanin. Arkady Kamanin. He dreamed of heaven when he was just a boy. Arkady's father, Nikolai Petrovich Kamanin, a pilot, participated in the rescue of the Chelyuskinites, for which he received the title of Hero Soviet Union. And always there is a friend of his father, Mikhail Vasilievich Vodopyanov. There was something to light up the little boy's heart. But they didn’t let him into the air, they said: grow up. When the war began, he went to work at an aircraft factory, then he used the airfield in any case to take to the skies. Experienced pilots, even if only for a few minutes, happened to trust him to fly the plane. Once an enemy bullet shattered the glass of the cockpit. The pilot was blinded. Losing consciousness, he managed to transfer control to Arkady, and the boy landed the plane at his airfield. After that, Arkady was allowed to seriously study flying, and soon he began to fly on his own. Once, from a height, a young pilot saw our plane, shot down by the Nazis. Under the strongest mortar fire, Arkady landed, transferred the pilot to his plane, took off and returned to his own. The Order of the Red Star shone on his chest. For participation in battles with the enemy, Arkady was awarded the second Order of the Red Star. By that time he had already become an experienced pilot, although he was fifteen years old. Until the very victory, Arkady Kamanin fought with the Nazis. The young hero dreamed of the sky and conquered the sky! In a partisan detachment, like Lenya Golikov. Lenya Golikov. He grew up in the village of Lukino, on the banks of the Polo River, which flows into the legendary Ilmen Lake. When the enemy captured his native village, the boy went to the partisans. More than once he went to reconnaissance, brought important information to the partisan detachment. And enemy trains and cars flew downhill, bridges collapsed, enemy warehouses burned ... There was a battle in his life that Lenya fought one on one with a fascist general. A grenade thrown by a boy knocked out a car. A Nazi with a briefcase in his hands got out of it and, shooting back, rushed to run. Lenya is behind him. He pursued the enemy for almost a kilometer and finally killed him. There were some very important documents in the briefcase. The headquarters of the partisans immediately sent them by plane to Moscow. There were many more battles in his short life! And the young hero who fought shoulder to shoulder with adults never flinched. He died near the village of Ostraya Luka in the winter of 1943, when the enemy was especially fierce, feeling that the earth was burning under his feet, that there would be no mercy for him ... On April 2, 1944, a decree was published by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on assigning Golikov the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. V Brest Fortress like Valya Zenkina. Valya Zenkina. The Brest Fortress was the first to take the blow of the enemy. Bombs and shells exploded, walls collapsed, people died both in the fortress and in the city of Brest. From the first minutes, Valin's father went into battle. He left and did not return, he died a hero, like many defenders of the Brest Fortress. And the Nazis forced Valya to sneak into the fortress under fire in order to convey to its defenders the demand to surrender. Valya made her way into the fortress, spoke about the atrocities of the Nazis, explained what weapons they had, indicated their location and remained to help our soldiers. She bandaged the wounded, collected cartridges and brought them to the fighters. There was not enough water in the fortress, it was divided by throat. I was painfully thirsty, but Valya again and again refused her sip: the wounded needed water. When the command of the Brest Fortress decided to take the children and women out of the fire, to transport them to the other side of the Mukhavets River - there was no other way to save their lives - the little nurse Valya Zenkina asked to be left with the soldiers. But an order is an order, and then she vowed to continue the fight against the enemy until complete victory. And Valya kept her oath. Various tests fell on her lot. But she survived. Withstood. And she continued her struggle already in the partisan detachment. She fought bravely, on a par with adults. For courage and courage, the Motherland awarded her young daughter with the Order of the Red Star. In the Kerch catacombs, like Volodya Dubinin. Volodya Dubinin. The life of the partisan detachment in the Starokarantinsky quarries of the Crimea, like other partisans from Polesie to Orel, depended on weapons, food and water. But the main thing was intelligence. If in the Bryansk forests it was to some extent easier for the partisans - although the forest, but the sky is open, and it was possible to leave the thicket to look around, then in the quarries life was completely different. Overhead there is a rock mass, and all known exits are blocked by the Germans. And intelligence, the most dangerous part of the detachment's activity, under such conditions became an enterprise that required the greatest risk. And sent to intelligence - the youngest. The kid will crawl through where the adult gets stuck, his eyes are more disgraceful, and sometimes there is more courage. Death for him is an abstraction, and death in battle is honorable. The thirteen-year-old partisan Dubinin managed to become the eyes of the partisan detachment, and last but not least, the lives of people depended on him. For which he received a military award, which not every adult got - the Order of the Red Banner of War. For a month and a half, the commander of a group of young scouts, pioneer Vladimir Nikiforovich Dubinin, went to the surface seven times. He left the quarries and made his way back almost in front of the German sentries. On one of the campaigns, he learned that the Germans were going to flood the quarries, and managed to warn the command of the detachment. Thanks to the timely erected ceilings, the detachment remained intact and the plans of the Germans were thwarted. The young partisan brought information to the command about the size of the garrison, the movements of the military and the activities of the Germans. Volodya Dubinin died on January 2, 1942, when he helped the sailors who liberated Kerch clear mine passages to the quarries. In the underground, like Volodya Shcherbatsevich. Volodya Shcherbatsevich. Volodya lived in Minsk. His father died in the Finnish war. Mom was a doctor. When the Nazis came, they nursed the wounded soldiers and transported them to the partisans. Several times Volodya was wounded. His friends helped him. Once, using forged documents, they took a whole truck with prisoners of war to the partisans. The release of prisoners of war was the main task for everyone. In September, raids suddenly began, and many more wounded, who had escaped from captivity, were hiding in the houses of the Minchi: They were betrayed by their own, he was a traitor. Volodya was arrested by the police. Interrogations, torture. The whole body hurts, shivering, there is no strength to rise from the cold stone floor. But he did not tell the Nazis anything. On October 26, 1941, the Nazis executed Volodya and his mother. The occupiers drove the inhabitants to the place of execution in order to intimidate them, and an angry rushed from the crowd: "We will not forgive!" Not a single day did the fascists feel like masters in Minsk. Among the fighters of this front was Volodya Shcherbatsevich, a Minsk pioneer. Shortly before his execution on August 16, 1941, the Pravda newspaper wrote: “Our children, heroic, magnificent Soviet children, are now fighting for their Motherland with the courage of adults, with the mind of adults. And their struggle is the most convincing documentation of our truth. Their struggle is this is the most terrible accusation that history will ever bring against a vile enemy, studying the events of our days. To this day, the Minsk boy who has ascended the scaffold blames the instigators of the war. And not for a moment did young hearts tremble! Their grown-up childhood was filled with such trials that even a very talented writer could come up with them, it would be hard to believe. But it was. It was in the history of our great country, it was in the fate of its little guys - ordinary boys and girls. We told only about some of those who selflessly loved the Motherland and courageously fought against the Nazis. The memory of the young heroes who gave their lives for the freedom and happiness of people will live forever in our hearts. About those who went shoulder to shoulder with their fathers and brothers into battle, about those who fought with the enemy in the harsh years of the Great Patriotic War. It is bitter and painful to say that even now the world is not calm, not stable. V different points land there are interethnic conflicts and wars, acts of terrorism are committed. Tens of thousands of civilians, including children, become victims. Fates are broken, material, cultural, spiritual values are destroyed. And each of us understands that this should not be. Every morning a peaceful sun should rise above the Earth, set every evening. Thousands of children should be born every day on Earth. They are born to live and see the beautiful, five Parisian boys of the Lyceum "Buffon" were shot. If we live in peace with all people, then there will be no wars, terrorist attacks on Earth.

February 8 is the Day of the Young Anti-Fascist, which was approved by the next UN Assembly. This memorable day has been celebrated since 1964 in honor of the dead participants in anti-fascist demonstrations - French schoolboy Daniel Feri (1962) and Iraqi boy Fadyl Jamal (1963), Soviet Young Guards (1943) Oleg Koshevoy, Lyubov Shevtsova, Dmitry Ogurtsov, Viktor Subbotin, Semyon Ostapenko shot that day by the Nazis.

The pioneer heroes of the Great Patriotic War certainly deserve special attention. Before the war, they were the most ordinary boys and girls. They studied, helped the elders, played, ran, jumped, broke their noses and knees. Only relatives, classmates and friends knew their names.

THE HOUR HAS COME - THEY SHOWED HOW HUGE A LITTLE CHILDREN'S HEAD CAN BECOME WHEN THE SACRED LOVE FOR THE HOMELAND AND HATRED FOR ITS ENEMIES FLAMES IN IT.

Boys. Girls. On their fragile shoulders lay the weight of adversity, disasters, grief of the war years. And they did not bend under this weight, they became stronger in spirit, more courageous, more enduring.

Little heroes of the big war. They fought next to the elders - fathers, brothers, next to the communists and Komsomol members.

Fought everywhere. At sea, like Borya Kuleshin. In the sky, like Arkasha Kamanin. In a partisan detachment, like Lenya Golikov. In the Brest Fortress, like Valya Zenkina. In the Kerch catacombs, like Volodya Dubinin. In the underground, like Volodya Shcherbatsevich.

And not for a moment did young hearts tremble!

Their grown-up childhood was filled with such trials that even a very talented writer could come up with them, it would be hard to believe. But it was. It was in the history of our great country, it was in the fate of its little guys - ordinary boys and girls.

Yuta Bondarovskaya

Wherever the blue-eyed girl Yuta went, her red tie was invariably with her ...

In the summer of 1941, she came from Leningrad for a vacation to a village near Pskov. Here overtook Utah formidable news: war! Here she saw the enemy. Utah began to help the partisans. First she was a messenger, then a scout. Disguised as a beggar boy, she collected information from the villages: where the headquarters of the Nazis were, how they were guarded, how many machine guns.

Returning from the task, she immediately tied a red tie. And as if strength was added! Utah supported the tired fighters with a sonorous pioneer song, a story about her native Leningrad ...

And how happy everyone was, how the partisans congratulated Yuta when a message came to the detachment: the blockade had been broken! Leningrad survived, Leningrad won! That day, both Yuta's blue eyes and her red tie shone like never before.

But the land was still groaning under the enemy yoke, and the detachment, together with units of the Red Army, left to help the partisans of Estonia. In one of the battles - near the Estonian farm Rostov - Yuta Bondarovskaya, the little heroine of the great war, a pioneer who did not part with her red tie, died the death of the brave. The Motherland awarded her heroic daughter posthumously with the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st class, the Order of the Patriotic War 1st class.

Valya Kotik

He was born on February 11, 1930 in the village of Khmelevka, Shepetovsky district, Khmelnitsky region. He studied at school number 4 in the city of Shepetovka, was a recognized leader of the pioneers, his peers.

When the Nazis broke into Shepetovka, Valya Kotik and his friends decided to fight the enemy. The guys collected weapons at the battlefield, which the partisans then transported to the detachment in a wagon of hay.

Having looked closely at the boy, the communists entrusted Valya to be a liaison and intelligence officer in their underground organization. He learned the location of enemy posts, the order of the changing of the guard.

The Nazis planned a punitive operation against the partisans, and Valya, having tracked down the Nazi officer who led the punishers, killed him ...

When arrests began in the city, Valya, along with his mother and brother Viktor, went to the partisans. The pioneer, who had just turned fourteen years old, fought shoulder to shoulder with adults, liberating his native land. On his account - six enemy echelons blown up on the way to the front. Valya Kotik was awarded the order Patriotic War 1st class, medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 2nd class.

Valya Kotik died as a hero, and the Motherland posthumously honored him with the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In front of the school where this brave pioneer studied, a monument was erected to him. And today the pioneers salute the hero.

Marat Kazei

The war fell on the Belarusian land. The Nazis broke into the village where Marat lived with his mother, Anna Aleksandrovna Kazya. In the fall, Marat no longer had to go to school in the fifth grade. The Nazis turned the school building into their barracks. The enemy was furious.

Anna Alexandrovna Kazei was captured for her connection with the partisans, and soon Marat found out that his mother had been hanged in Minsk. The boy's heart was filled with anger and hatred for the enemy. Together with his sister, a Komsomol member Ada, pioneer Marat Kazei went to the partisans in the Stankovsky forest. He became a scout at the headquarters of the partisan brigade. Penetrated into enemy garrisons and delivered valuable information to the command. Using this information, the partisans developed a daring operation and defeated the fascist garrison in the city of Dzerzhinsk ...

Marat took part in the battles and invariably showed courage, fearlessness, together with experienced demolition men, he mined the railway.

Marat died in battle. He fought to the last bullet, and when he had only one grenade left, he let the enemies get closer and blew them up ... and himself.

For courage and bravery pioneer Marat Kazei was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. A monument to the young hero was erected in the city of Minsk.

Zina Portnova

The war found the Leningrad pioneer Zina Portnova in the village of Zuya, where she came for the holidays - this is not far from the Obol station in the Vitebsk region. In Obol, an underground Komsomol youth organization "Young Avengers" was created, and Zina was elected a member of its committee. She participated in daring operations against the enemy, in sabotage, distributed leaflets, and conducted reconnaissance on the instructions of the partisan detachment.

It was December 1943. Zina was returning from a mission. In the village of Mostishche, a traitor betrayed her. The Nazis seized the young partisan and tortured her. The answer to the enemy was Zina's silence, her contempt and hatred, her determination to fight to the end. During one of the interrogations, choosing the moment, Zina grabbed a pistol from the table and fired at the Gestapo at point-blank range.

The officer who ran into the shot was also killed on the spot. Zina tried to escape, but the Nazis overtook her...

The brave young pioneer was brutally tortured, but until the last minute she remained steadfast, courageous, unbending. And the Motherland posthumously noted her feat with her highest title - the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Lenya Golikov

He grew up in the village of Lukino, on the banks of the Polo River, which flows into the legendary Ilmen Lake. When the enemy captured his native village, the boy went to the partisans.

More than once he went to reconnaissance, brought important information to the partisan detachment. And enemy trains and cars flew downhill, bridges collapsed, enemy warehouses burned ...

There was a battle in his life that Lenya fought one on one with a fascist general. A grenade thrown by a boy knocked out a car. A Nazi with a briefcase in his hands got out of it and, shooting back, rushed to run. Lenya is behind him. He pursued the enemy for almost a kilometer and finally killed him. There were some very important documents in the briefcase. The headquarters of the partisans immediately sent them by plane to Moscow.

Galya Komleva

When the war began, and the Nazis were approaching Leningrad, a leader was left for underground work in the village of Tarnovichi - in the south of the Leningrad Region high school Anna Petrovna Semyonova. To communicate with the partisans, she picked up her most reliable pioneers, and the first among them was Galina Komleva. Cheerful, brave, inquisitive girl for her six school years was awarded six times with books with the signature: "For excellent study"

The young messenger brought assignments from the partisans to her leader, and she forwarded her reports to the detachment along with bread, potatoes, products, which were obtained with great difficulty. Once, when a messenger from the partisan detachment did not arrive at the meeting place on time, Galya, half-frozen, made her way to the detachment herself, handed over a report and, having warmed up a little, hurried back, carrying a new task to the underground.

Together with Komsomol member Tasya Yakovleva, Galya wrote leaflets and scattered them around the village at night. The Nazis tracked down and captured the young underground workers. They were kept in the Gestapo for two months. After being severely beaten, they threw him into a cell, and in the morning they took him out again for interrogation. Galya did not say anything to the enemy, she did not betray anyone. The young patriot was shot.

The Motherland marked the feat of Gali Komleva with the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree.

Kostya Kravchuk

On June 11, 1944, units leaving for the front lined up on the central square of Kiev. And before this battle formation, they read the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on awarding the pioneer Kostya Kravchuk with the Order of the Red Banner for saving and preserving two combat banners of rifle regiments during the occupation of the city of Kiev ...

Retreating from Kiev, two wounded soldiers entrusted banners to Kostya. And Kostya promised to keep them.

At first I buried it in the garden under a pear tree: it was thought that ours would soon return. But the war dragged on, and, having dug up the banners, Kostya kept them in a barn until he remembered an old, abandoned well outside the city, near the Dnieper. Wrapping his priceless treasure in sacking, covering it with straw, at dawn he got out of the house and with a canvas bag over his shoulder led a cow to a distant forest. And there, looking around, he hid the bundle in the well, covered it with branches, dry grass, turf ...

And throughout the long occupation, not a pioneer of his difficult guard at the banner, although he fell into a round-up, and even fled from the train in which the people of Kiev were driven to Germany.

When Kiev was liberated, Kostya, in a white shirt with a red tie, came to the military commandant of the city and unfurled the banners in front of the seen and yet amazed fighters.

On June 11, 1944, the newly formed units leaving for the front were given replacements rescued by Kostya.

Lara Mikheenko

For the operation of reconnaissance and explosion of the railway. bridge over the Drissa River, a Leningrad schoolgirl Larisa Mikheenko was presented with a government award. But the Motherland did not have time to present the award to her brave daughter ...

The war cut off the girl from her hometown: in the summer she went on vacation to the Pustoshkinsky district, but she could not return - the Nazis occupied the village. The pioneer dreamed of breaking out of Hitler's slavery, making her way to her own. And one night with two older friends left the village.

At the headquarters of the 6th Kalinin brigade, the commander, Major P. V. Ryndin, at first turned out to accept "so small": well, what kind of partisans are they! But how much even its very young citizens can do for the Motherland! The girls were able to do what strong men could not. Dressed in rags, Lara walked around the villages, finding out where and how the guns were located, sentries were placed, which German cars were moving along the highway, what kind of trains and with what cargo they came to the Pustoshka station.

She also participated in military operations ...

The young partisan, betrayed by a traitor in the village of Ignatovo, was shot by the Nazis. In the Decree on awarding Larisa Mikheenko with the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree is bitter word: Posthumously.

Vasya Korobko

Chernihiv region. The front came close to the village of Pogoreltsy. On the outskirts, covering the retreat of our units, the company held the defense. The boy brought the cartridges to the fighters. His name was Vasya Korobko.

Night. Vasya sneaks up to the school building occupied by the Nazis.

He sneaks into the pioneer room, takes out the pioneer banner and hides it securely.

Outskirts of the village. Under the bridge - Vasya. He pulls out the iron staples, saws the piles, and at dawn from the shelter he watches the bridge collapse under the weight of the fascist armored personnel carrier. The partisans were convinced that Vasya could be trusted, and they entrusted him with a serious task: to become a scout in the enemy's lair. At the headquarters of the Nazis, he heats stoves, chop wood, and he looks closely, remembers, and transmits information to the partisans. The punishers, who planned to exterminate the partisans, forced the boy to lead them into the forest. But Vasya led the Nazis to an ambush of the police. The Nazis, mistaking them for partisans in the dark, opened furious fire, killed all the policemen and themselves suffered heavy losses.

Together with the partisans, Vasya destroyed nine echelons, hundreds of Nazis. In one of the battles, he was hit by an enemy bullet. His little hero, who lived a short, but such bright life, the Motherland awarded the Orders of Lenin, the Red Banner, the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree, the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" of the 1st degree.

Sasha Borodulin

There was a war. Above the village where Sasha lived, enemy bombers hooted angrily. The native land was trampled by an enemy boot. Sasha Borodulin, a pioneer with the warm heart of a young Leninist, could not put up with this. He decided to fight the Nazis. Got a rifle. Having killed a fascist motorcyclist, he took the first military trophy - a real German machine gun. Day after day he conducted reconnaissance. More than once he went on the most dangerous missions. A lot of destroyed cars and soldiers were on his account. For the performance of dangerous tasks, for the courage, resourcefulness and courage shown, Sasha Borodulin was awarded the Order of the Red Banner in the winter of 1941.

Punishers tracked down the partisans. For three days the detachment left them, twice escaped from the encirclement, but the enemy ring closed again. Then the commander called in volunteers to cover the withdrawal of the detachment. Sasha stepped forward first. Five took the fight. One by one they died. Sasha was left alone. It was still possible to retreat - the forest was nearby, but every minute that delayed the enemy was so dear to the detachment, and Sasha fought to the end. He, allowing the Nazis to close a ring around him, grabbed a grenade and blew them up and himself. Sasha Borodulin died, but his memory lives on. The memory of heroes is eternal!

Vitya Khomenko

Pioneer Vitya Khomenko passed his heroic path of struggle against the Nazis in the underground organization "Nikolaev Center".

At school, in German, Vitya was "excellent", and the underground instructed the pioneer to get a job in the officer's canteen. He washed dishes, sometimes served the officers in the hall and listened to their conversations. In drunken arguments, the Nazis blurted out information that was of great interest to the "Nikolaev Center".

The officers began to send the quick, smart boy on errands, and soon made him a messenger at the headquarters. It could not have occurred to them that the most secret packages were the first to be read by the underground at the turnout ...

Together with Shura Kober, Vitya was given the task of crossing the front line in order to establish contact with Moscow. In Moscow, at the headquarters partisan movement, they reported the situation and talked about what they observed on the way.

Returning to Nikolaev, the guys delivered a radio transmitter, explosives, and weapons to the underground workers. Again, fighting without fear or hesitation. On December 5, 1942, ten underground workers were captured by the Nazis and executed. Among them are two boys - Shura Kober and Vitya Khomenko. They lived as heroes and died as heroes.

The Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree - posthumously - was awarded by the Motherland to her fearless son. The name of Vitya Khomenko is the school where he studied.

Volodya Kaznacheev

1941... In the spring I finished fifth grade. In the fall he joined a partisan detachment.

When, together with his sister Anya, he came to the partisans in the Kletnyansky forests, in the Bryansk region, the detachment said: “Well, replenishment! , they stopped joking (Elena Kondratievna was killed by the Nazis).

There was a "partisan school" in the detachment. Future miners and demolition workers were trained there. Volodya perfectly mastered this science and, together with his senior comrades, derailed eight echelons. He had to cover the retreat of the group, stopping the pursuers with grenades ...

He was connected; often went to Kletnya, delivering valuable information; waiting for darkness, posting leaflets. From operation to operation he became more experienced, more skillful.

For the head of the partisan Kzanacheev, the Nazis put a reward, not even suspecting that their brave opponent was just a boy. He fought alongside adults until the very day when his native land was liberated from fascist evil spirits, and rightfully shared with adults the glory of the hero - the liberator of his native land. Volodya Kaznacheev was awarded the Order of Lenin, the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st degree.

Nadia Bogdanova

She was executed twice by the Nazis, and fighting friends for many years considered Nadya dead. She even erected a monument.

It's hard to believe, but when she became a scout in the partisan detachment of "Uncle Vanya" Dyachkov, she was not yet ten years old. Small, thin, she, pretending to be a beggar, wandered among the Nazis, noticing everything, remembering everything, and brought the most valuable information to the detachment. And then, together with partisan fighters, she blew up the fascist headquarters, derailed a train with military equipment, and mined objects.

The first time she was captured when, together with Vanya Zvontsov, she hung out a red flag on November 7, 1941 in Vitebsk, occupied by the enemy. They beat her with ramrods, tortured her, and when they brought her to the ditch - to shoot, she had no strength left - she fell into the ditch, for a moment, ahead of the bullet. Vanya died, and the partisans found Nadya alive in the ditch...

The second time she was captured at the end of the 43rd. And again torture: she was doused in the cold ice water, burned out a five-pointed star on the back. Considering the scout dead, the Nazis, when the partisans attacked Karasevo, abandoned her. Came out of her, paralyzed and almost blind, the locals. After the war in Odessa, Academician V.P. Filatov restored Nadia's sight.

15 years later, she heard on the radio how the head of intelligence of the 6th detachment Slesarenko - her commander - said that the soldiers of their dead comrades would never forget, and named Nadya Bogdanova among them, who saved his life, wounded ...

Only then did she show up, only then did the people who worked with her learn about what an amazing fate she was, Nadia Bogdanova, who was awarded the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree, and medals.

Valya Zenkina

And the Nazis forced Valya to sneak into the fortress under fire in order to convey to its defenders the demand to surrender. Valya made her way into the fortress, spoke about the atrocities of the Nazis, explained what weapons they had, indicated their location and remained to help our soldiers. She bandaged the wounded, collected cartridges and brought them to the fighters.

There was not enough water in the fortress, it was divided by throat. I was painfully thirsty, but Valya again and again refused her sip: the wounded needed water. When the command of the Brest Fortress decided to take the children and women out of the fire, to transport them to the other side of the Mukhavets River - there was no other way to save their lives - the little nurse Valya Zenkina asked to be left with the soldiers. But an order is an order, and then she vowed to continue the fight against the enemy until complete victory.

And Valya kept her oath. Various tests fell on her lot. But she survived. Withstood. And she continued her struggle already in the partisan detachment. She fought bravely, on a par with adults. For courage and courage, the Motherland awarded her young daughter with the Order of the Red Star.

Nina Kukoverova

Every summer, Nina and her younger brother and sister were taken from Leningrad to the village of Nechepert, where fresh air, soft grass, where honey and fresh milk ... Roar, explosions, flames and smoke fell on this quiet land in the fourteenth summer of the pioneer Nina Kukoverova. War! From the first days of the arrival of the Nazis, Nina became a partisan intelligence officer. Everything that she saw around, she remembered, reported to the detachment.

A punitive detachment is located in the village of the mountain, all approaches are blocked, even the most experienced scouts cannot get through. Nina volunteered to go. She walked a dozen and a half kilometers on a snow-covered plain, a field. The Nazis did not pay attention to the chilled, tired girl with a bag, and nothing escaped her attention - neither the headquarters, nor the fuel depot, nor the location of the sentries. And when at night the partisan detachment set out on a campaign, Nina walked next to the commander as a scout, as a guide. Fascist warehouses flew into the air that night, the headquarters flared up, punishers fell, slain by fierce fire.

More than once, Nina went on combat missions - a pioneer, awarded the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st degree.

The young heroine is dead. But the memory of the daughter of Russia is alive. She was posthumously awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class. Nina Kukoverova is forever enrolled in her pioneer team.

Arkady Kamanin

He dreamed of heaven when he was just a boy. Arkady's father, Nikolai Petrovich Kamanin, a pilot, participated in the rescue of the Chelyuskinites, for which he received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. And always there is a friend of his father, Mikhail Vasilievich Vodopyanov. There was something to light up the little boy's heart. But they didn’t let him into the air, they said: grow up.

When the war began, he went to work at an aircraft factory, then he used the airfield in any case to take to the skies. Experienced pilots, even if only for a few minutes, happened to trust him to fly the plane. Once an enemy bullet shattered the glass of the cockpit. The pilot was blinded. Losing consciousness, he managed to transfer control to Arkady, and the boy landed the plane at his airfield.

After that, Arkady was allowed to seriously study flying, and soon he began to fly on his own.

Once, from a height, a young pilot saw our plane, shot down by the Nazis. Under the strongest mortar fire, Arkady landed, transferred the pilot to his plane, took off and returned to his own. The Order of the Red Star shone on his chest. For participation in battles with the enemy, Arkady was awarded the second Order of the Red Star. By that time he had already become an experienced pilot, although he was fifteen years old.

Until the very victory, Arkady Kamanin fought with the Nazis. The young hero dreamed of the sky and conquered the sky!

Lida Vashkevich

An ordinary black bag would not have attracted the attention of visitors to the local history museum if it had not been for a red tie lying next to it. A boy or girl will involuntarily freeze, an adult will stop and read a yellowed certificate issued by the commissioner

partisan detachment. The fact that the young mistress of these relics, pioneer Lida Vashkevich, risking her life, helped to fight the Nazis. There is another reason to stop near these exhibits: Lida was awarded the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st degree.

In the city of Grodno, occupied by the Nazis, the communist underground operated. One of the groups was led by Lida's father. Connected underground workers, partisans came to him, and every time the commander's daughter was on duty at the house. From the side to look - played. And she vigilantly peered, listened, whether the policemen, the patrol, were approaching,

and, if necessary, signaled to her father. Dangerously? Very. But compared to other tasks, it was almost a game. Lida got paper for flyers by buying a couple of sheets in different stores, often with the help of her friends. A pack will be typed, the girl will hide it at the bottom of a black bag and deliver it to the agreed place. And the next day the whole city reads the words of truth about the victories of the Red Army near Moscow, Stalingrad.

A girl warned the people's avengers about the round-ups, bypassing safe houses. She traveled by train from station to station to convey an important message to partisans and underground workers. She carried the explosives past the fascist posts in the same black bag, filling it to the top with coal and trying not to bend so as not to arouse suspicion - coal is easier than explosives ...

That's what kind of bag ended up in the Grodno Museum. And the tie that Lida then wore in her bosom: she could not, did not want to part with it.

Goals and objectives: to introduce children to young anti-fascist heroes, pioneer heroes of the Great Patriotic War, to cultivate a sense of duty, patriotism and love for their homeland, a sense of respect for the memory of heroes, compassion for people, civic responsibility and a humanistic worldview, develop their horizons, replenish students' vocabulary.

Equipment for the lesson: portraits of young heroes, album "Pioneers Heroes", multimedia presentation, ICT.

Lesson progress

I. From the history of the date.

The day of the young anti-fascist hero has been celebrated in the world since 1964, which was approved by the next UN Assembly, in honor of the dead participants in anti-fascist demonstrations - the French schoolboy Daniel Fery (1962) and the Iraqi boy Fadil Jamal (1963).

It so happened that five Parisian boys from the Buffon Lyceum, Jean Marie Argus, Pierre Benois, Jean Baudrey, Pierre Grell, Lucien Legros, who did not betray their underground friends during the Second World War, were shot on that day.

On the same day, the heroes of the Young Guard Oleg Koshevoy, Lyubov Shevtsova, Dmitry Ogurtsov, Viktor Subbotin, Semyon Ostapenko (1943) were shot in Krasnodon captured by the Nazis.

Coincidences may be accidental, but they exist, supplementing this day with historical responsibility.

So let's figure out who an anti-fascist is.

An antifascist is a person who disagrees with an ideology fascism or participating in anti-fascist actions.

Fascism is a current that brings violence, war, evil, oppression and destruction of people of another race.

II. WWII anti-fascists.

On this day, the pioneer heroes of the Great Patriotic War certainly deserve special attention.

Before the war, they were the most ordinary boys and girls. They studied, helped the elders, played, ran, jumped, broke their noses and knees. Only relatives, classmates and friends knew their names.

The time has come - they showed how huge a small children's heart can become when a sacred love for the Motherland and hatred for its enemies flare up in it.

Little heroes of the big war. They fought next to the elders - fathers, brothers, next to the communists and Komsomol members.

Fought everywhere. At sea, like Borya Kuleshin.

Borya Kuleshin.

The warship of the Black Sea Fleet, the leader of the destroyers "Tashkent", took part in combat operations in the defense of the hero city of Sevastopol in the Great Patriotic War.

A twelve-year-old cabin boy Borya Kuleshin served on this ship.

Spring 1942. On the Sevastopol pier at the gangway of the warship "Tashkent" - a boy. He wants to beat the enemy together with everyone, to drive him from his native land. Borya Kuleshin is only 12 years old, but he knows well what war is: this is his native city in ruins and conflagrations, this is the death of his father at the front, this is separation from his mother, who was driven to Germany.

The boy persuades the commander to take him on the ship.

Sea, bombs, explosions. Planes are bombing. On board the ship, Borya gives the anti-aircraft gunners heavy clips with shells - one after another, not knowing fatigue, not knowing fear, and in the intervals between battles he helps the wounded, takes care of them. Borya spent more than 2 heroic years on the sea, on a warship, fighting the Nazis for the freedom of our Motherland.

In the sky, like Arkasha Kamanin.

Arkady Kamanin.

After that, Arkady was allowed to seriously study flying, and soon he began to fly on his own.

Until the very victory, Arkady Kamanin fought with the Nazis. The young hero dreamed of the sky and conquered the sky!

In a partisan detachment, like Lenya Golikov.

Lenya Golikov.

He grew up in the village of Lukino, on the banks of the Polo River, which flows into the legendary Ilmen Lake. When the enemy captured his native village, the boy went to the partisans.

More than once he went to reconnaissance, brought important information to the partisan detachment. And enemy trains and cars flew downhill, bridges collapsed, enemy warehouses burned ...

There were many more battles in his short life! And the young hero who fought shoulder to shoulder with adults never flinched. He died near the village of Ostraya Luka in the winter of 1943, when the enemy was especially fierce, feeling that the earth was burning under his feet, that there would be no mercy for him ...
On April 2, 1944, a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR was published on awarding the partisan pioneer Lena Golikov the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

In the Brest Fortress, like Valya Zenkina.

Valya Zenkina.

The Brest Fortress was the first to take the blow of the enemy. Bombs and shells exploded, walls collapsed, people died both in the fortress and in the city of Brest. From the first minutes, Valin's father went into battle. He left and did not return, he died a hero, like many defenders of the Brest Fortress.
And the Nazis forced Valya to sneak into the fortress under fire in order to convey to its defenders the demand to surrender. Valya made her way into the fortress, spoke about the atrocities of the Nazis, explained what weapons they had, indicated their location and remained to help our soldiers. She bandaged the wounded, collected cartridges and brought them to the fighters.

In the Kerch catacombs, like Volodya Dubinin.

Volodya Dubinin.

The life of the partisan detachment in the Starokarantinsky quarries of the Crimea, like other partisans from Polesie to Orel, depended on weapons, food and water. But the main thing was intelligence. If in the Bryansk forests it was to some extent easier for the partisans - although the forest, but the sky is open, and it was possible to leave the thicket to look around, then in the quarries life was completely different. Overhead there is a rock mass, and all known exits are blocked by the Germans. And intelligence, the most dangerous part of the detachment's activity, under such conditions became an enterprise that required the greatest risk. And sent to intelligence - the youngest. The kid will crawl through where the adult gets stuck, his eyes are more disgraceful, and sometimes there is more courage. Death for him is an abstraction, and death in battle is honorable.

The thirteen-year-old partisan Dubinin managed to become the eyes of the partisan detachment, and last but not least, the lives of people depended on him. For which he received a military award, which not every adult got - the Order of the Red Banner of War. For a month and a half

the commander of the group of young scouts, pioneer Vladimir Nikiforovich Dubinin, went to the surface seven times. He left the quarries and made his way back almost in front of the German sentries. On one of the campaigns, he learned that the Germans were going to flood the quarries, and managed to warn the command of the detachment. Thanks to the timely erected ceilings, the detachment remained intact and the plans of the Germans were thwarted. The young partisan brought information to the command about the size of the garrison, the movements of the military and the activities of the Germans. Volodya Dubinin died on January 2, 1942, when he helped the sailors who liberated Kerch clear mine passages to the quarries.

In the underground, like Volodya Shcherbatsevich.

Volodya Shcherbatsevich.

Volodya lived in Minsk. His father died in the Finnish war. Mom was a doctor.

When the Nazis came, they nursed the wounded soldiers and transported them to the partisans. Several times Volodya was wounded. His friends helped him.

Once, using forged documents, they took a whole truck with prisoners of war to the partisans. The release of prisoners of war was the main task for everyone.

In September, raids suddenly began, and many more wounded who had escaped from captivity were hiding in the houses of the Minchs:

They were betrayed by his own, he was a traitor. Volodya was arrested by the police.

Interrogations, torture. The whole body hurts, shivering, there is no strength to rise from the cold stone floor. But he did not tell the Nazis anything.

On October 26, 1941, the Nazis executed Volodya and his mother. The occupiers drove the inhabitants to the place of execution in order to intimidate them, and an angry rushed from the crowd: "We will not forgive!"

Not a single day did the fascists feel like masters in Minsk. Among the fighters of this front was Volodya Shcherbatsevich, a Minsk pioneer. Shortly before his execution on August 16, 1941, the Pravda newspaper wrote: “Our children, heroic, magnificent Soviet children, are now fighting for their Motherland with the courage of adults, with the mind of adults. And their struggle is the most convincing documentation of our truth. Their struggle is this is the most terrible accusation that history will ever bring against a vile enemy, studying the events of our days.

To this day, the Minsk boy who has ascended the scaffold blames the instigators of the war.

And not for a moment did young hearts tremble!

We told only about some of those who selflessly loved the Motherland and courageously fought against the Nazis.

The memory of the young heroes who gave their lives for the freedom and happiness of people will live forever in our hearts. About those who went shoulder to shoulder with their fathers and brothers into battle, about those who fought with the enemy in the harsh years of the Great Patriotic War.

It is bitter and painful to say that even now the world is not calm, not stable. Ethnic conflicts and wars arise in different parts of the world, acts of terrorism are committed. Tens of thousands of civilians, including children, become victims. Fates are broken, material, cultural, spiritual values are destroyed.

And each of us understands that this should not be.

Every morning a peaceful sun should rise above the Earth, set every evening. Thousands of children should be born every day on Earth. They are born to live and see the beautiful, five Parisian boys of the Lyceum "Buffon" were shot.

If we live in peace with all people, then there will be no wars, terrorist attacks on Earth.

Bibliography.

http://en.wikipedia.org
http://www.molodguard.ru
http://fotki.yandex.ru
http://holiday.onru.ru

February 8 is dedicated to the memory of young boys and girls of all countries, those who fought and died for freedom, equality and happiness of people.

Even though the second World War, which claimed millions of lives around the world, a long time ago, France in 1962 could not be called a calm country. OAS operated on its territory - Organization armee secrete or, in Russian, the Secret Armed Organization. In fact, she was pro-fascist and had been known in Paris for a long time, although the authorities did not take active actions against her. At least until the moment when the OAS openly came out in support of the bloody war in Algeria.

On February 8, 1962, the workers of Paris went to an anti-fascist demonstration. In the front row was a short fifteen-year-old boy Daniel Fery. He didn't hear the shots. Shot by a bullet fell on the pavement.

Exactly one year later, on February 8, 1963, another boy, Fadyl Jamal, died from inhuman torture in an Iraqi prison.

On February 8, 1964, a meeting of the International Friendship Club of the Palace of Pioneers was held in Moscow, during which a new tradition was born. Since then, February 8 is considered the Day of the Young Anti-Fascist.

Many young heroes died for the freedom of our Motherland, our people.

Hundreds of schoolchildren fought in partisan detachments, were members of underground organizations. They were scouts and signalmen, sisters of mercy and demolition workers.

Among them are pioneer heroes Valya Kotik, Marat Kazei, Zina Portnova, Lenya Golikov. Before the war, they were the most ordinary boys and girls. They studied, helped the elders, played, ran, jumped, broke their noses and knees. Only relatives, classmates and friends knew their names.

Little heroes of the big war. They fought next to the elders - fathers, brothers, next to the communists and Komsomol members.

And not for a moment did young hearts tremble!

Lenya Golikov

He grew up in the village of Lukino, on the banks of the Polo River, which flows into the legendary Ilmen Lake. When the enemy captured his native village, the boy went to the partisans.

More than once he went to reconnaissance, brought important information to the partisan detachment. And enemy trains and cars flew downhill, bridges collapsed, enemy warehouses burned ...

There was a battle in his life that Lenya fought one on one with a fascist general. A grenade thrown by a boy knocked out a car. A Nazi with a briefcase in his hands got out of it and, shooting back, rushed to run. Lenya is behind him. There were some very important documents in the briefcase. The headquarters of the partisans immediately sent them by plane to Moscow.

Valya Kotik

He was born on February 11, 1930 in the village of Shepetovsky district, Khmelnytsky region. He studied at school number 4 in the city of Shepetovka, was a recognized leader of the pioneers, his peers.

When arrests began in the city, Valya, along with his mother and brother Viktor, went to the partisans. The pioneer, who had just turned fourteen years old, fought shoulder to shoulder with adults, liberating his native land. On his account - six enemy echelons blown up on the way to the front. Valya Kotik was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class, and the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War," 2nd class.

Valya Kotik died as a hero, and the Motherland posthumously honored him with the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In front of the school where this brave boy studied, a monument was erected to him. And today the pioneers salute the hero.

Marat Kazei

... The war fell on the Belarusian land. The Nazis broke into the village where Marat lived with his mother, Anna Aleksandrovna Kazya. In the fall, Marat no longer had to go to school in the fifth grade. The Nazis turned the school building into their barracks. The enemy was furious.

Anna Alexandrovna Kazei was captured for her connection with the partisans, and soon Marat found out that his mother had been hanged in Minsk. The boy's heart was filled with anger and hatred for the enemy. Together with his sister, a Komsomol member Ada, pioneer Marat Kazei went to the partisans in the Stankovsky forest. He became a scout at the headquarters of the partisan brigade. Penetrated into enemy garrisons and delivered valuable information to the command. Using this data, the partisans developed a daring operation and defeated the fascist garrison in the city of Dzerzhinsk ...

Marat took part in the battles and invariably showed courage, fearlessness, together with experienced demolition men, he mined the railway.

Marat died in battle. He fought to the last bullet, and when he had only one grenade left, he let the enemies get closer and blew them up ... and himself.

For the courage and courage of the partisans, Marat Kazei was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. A monument to the young hero was erected in the city of Minsk.

The great feat of the people that stopped the black ghost of fascism will remain for centuries. And every person on Earth must say "no" to war. Because a great feat comes with great blood... Eternal memory to the performers of a great feat, our grandfathers and great-grandfathers!

Since 1964, the Day of the Young Anti-Fascist Hero has been celebrated all over the world. It was approved by the UN International Assembly in honor of the guys who died at an anti-fascist rally in 1962: the fifteen-year-old Parisian Daniel Feri and the Iraqi fighter against violence in his country Fadil Jamal, who died from torture in a prison in Baghdad in 1963.

Leonid Golikov, a scout of a partisan detachment that operated on the territory of the Pskov and Novgorod regions, participated in more than 20 battles, was awarded many orders and medals for courage and courage. Lenya received the highest distinction posthumously, he was awarded the title

Little heroes of the big war

It is impossible to list all of our early grown-up soldiers of the Second World War. But at the mere thought of what they did in the name of victory in their 12-17 years, pride in the country that raised such “eagles” overwhelms.

Bitterness burns our hearts from the knowledge of how short their lives were, how ridiculous it is to die at 14 years old without having time to grow up. It seems that nowhere in world history has such mass heroism of children and adolescents been recorded as in Soviet Russia during the Great Patriotic War.

On the Day of Remembrance of the Young Anti-Fascist Hero on February 8, the whole world will freeze in a single sigh for the heroically dead boys and girls. They lived in different countries, spoke to different languages, but committed the same feat - they fought for the liberation of their land.

To remember...

In order for new children, who do not know the horrors of war, not to forget about the great deeds of their peers, this day is widely covered in schools. In love and pride for their people, teachers on this day try to convey to the children the whole truth about bygone events. They strive to provide as much historical information as possible about the days of great battles and the unparalleled courage of the little heroes of a great war.

In schools, teachers spend on the topic “Remembrance Day of the young anti-fascist hero”, draw up and think over the lesson plan in advance, prepare necessary material. Children will learn about how they lived, fought and died in the name of freedom and independence, those who went to fight the enemy before finishing the 5th grade.

Schoolchildren will learn the names and surnames of their peers who died on the battlefields. They learn about the young partisan scouts tortured to death in the occupation, who even went to execution with their heads held high.

V nurturing feelings

Such events contribute to the younger generation, introduce them to the history of the country and the events of the past war, and also cultivate compassion, a sense of justice, and responsibility for everything that happens in the world in children. On the example of young heroes, children learn that they must be able to sacrifice their interests, and sometimes their lives, in order to save the one who is nearby.

To break through indifference and make children empathize with young heroes, admire their feat - this is the main task for holding such events as the Day of Remembrance of the Young Anti-Fascist Hero. The school library organizes various thematic exhibitions dedicated to anniversaries. The library with its atmosphere of silence disciplines the children, makes them listen with interest about the events and turning points in the history of our country.

Lessons to know by heart

The day of memory of the young anti-fascist hero should remain one of the most important and at the same time the saddest days in the history of our country. Knowing your history well means not allowing the mistakes of the past to happen in the future.

Every person, adult or child, must know when the Day of Remembrance of the young anti-fascist hero began to be honored by the whole world. We must not forget this date - February 8th. in the past to all known and unknown heroes, this is a bell for the tragically dead boys and girls from different countries.

Our memory is a tribute that we must bring to all the children of the "war" who took on a childish burden. Those who fully fulfilled their duty to protect the country from the deadly fascist infection. Those who did not give up, did not retreat, did not let go of the machine gun. This is a day of remembrance for the heroes and victims of a monstrous crime, whose name is war.

M the language of forgotten voices and unforgotten names

We live in peacetime, absorbed in our petty daily worries and problems. We never seriously admit the possibility of a repeat of the catastrophe of the 1940s.

It seems to us that the world has matured over these decades and has grown wiser that it will not allow new military upheavals. Although, who knows ... It seems that people tend to forget history, and this is always fraught with repetition. History has such a rule - until you remember the lesson by heart, you will repeat it again and again.

The Day of Remembrance of the Young Anti-Fascist Hero is a constant reminder to all living of what once happened, as well as a warning that this should never happen again. This is the lesson we should all know by heart.

Thousands of boys and girls died and stepped into immortality in the name of peace on earth. On the Day of Remembrance of the young anti-fascist hero, the boys and girls who gave their lives for the common victory will be honored with blessed memory. Somewhere in the boundless heights, the sounds of children's voices have long ceased, but their names remain on the earth. They sound like quiet music of bygone days in the hearts of those who remember...

Do not forget these names: Alexander Matrosov, Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, Oleg Koshevoy, Zina Portnova, Marat Kazei, Volodya Dubinin, Leonid Golikov, Valentin Kotik, Lyubov Shevtsova, Yuta Bondarovskaya and thousands and thousands more names. And each of them is a reminder and a mandate for all those living today.