FZ rf 273 dated 12/29/12

28.06.2020

1. Educational programs determine the content of education. The content of education should promote mutual understanding and cooperation between people, nations, regardless of racial, national, ethnic, religious and social affiliation, take into account the diversity of worldview approaches, promote the realization of the right of students to freely choose opinions and beliefs, ensure the development of the abilities of each person, the formation and development of his personality in accordance with the spiritual, moral and socio-cultural values accepted in the family and society. Content vocational education And vocational training must provide qualifications.

2. In the Russian Federation, basic educational programs are implemented in terms of the levels of general and vocational education, in terms of vocational training, and additional educational programs in terms of additional education.

3. The main educational programs include:

1) basic general education programs - educational programs preschool education, educational programs of elementary general education, educational programs of basic general education, educational programs of secondary general education;

2) basic professional educational programs:

a) educational programs of secondary vocational education - training programs for skilled workers, employees, training programs for mid-level specialists;

b) educational programs higher education- Bachelor's programs, specialist's programs, master's programs, programs for the preparation of scientific and pedagogical personnel in postgraduate (adjuncture) studies, residency programs, assistant-internship programs;

3) basic vocational training programs - programs vocational training on professions of workers, positions of employees, retraining programs for workers, employees, advanced training programs for workers, employees.

4. Additional educational programs include:

1) additional general education programs - additional general developmental programs, additional pre-professional programs;

2) additional professional programs - advanced training programs, professional retraining programs.

5. Educational programs are independently developed and approved by the organization implementing educational activities if real federal law not otherwise established.

6. Educational programs for preschool education are developed and approved by the organization carrying out educational activities in accordance with the federal state educational standard for preschool education and taking into account the relevant exemplary educational programs preschool education.

7. Organizations carrying out educational activities according to their state accreditation educational programs (with the exception of educational programs of higher education implemented on the basis of educational standards approved by educational organizations of higher education independently), develop educational programs in accordance with federal state educational standards and taking into account the relevant exemplary basic educational programs.

8. Educational organizations of higher education, which, in accordance with this Federal Law, have the right to independently develop and approve educational standards, develop appropriate educational programs of higher education based on such educational standards.

9. Exemplary basic educational programs are developed taking into account their level and focus on the basis of federal state educational standards, unless otherwise provided by this Federal Law.

10. Exemplary basic educational programs are included, based on the results of the examination, in the register of exemplary basic educational programs, which is the state information system. The information contained in the register of exemplary basic educational programs is publicly available.

11. The procedure for developing exemplary basic educational programs, conducting their examination and maintaining a register of exemplary basic educational programs, features of the development, examination and inclusion in such a register of exemplary basic professional educational programs containing information constituting a state secret, and exemplary basic professional educational programs in areas of information security, as well as organizations that are granted the right to maintain a register of exemplary basic educational programs, are established by the federal executive body responsible for developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education, unless otherwise provided by this Federal Law.

12. Authorized bodies are involved in the examination of exemplary basic general educational programs, taking into account their level and focus (in terms of taking into account regional, national and ethno-cultural characteristics). state power subjects of the Russian Federation.

13. The development of exemplary programs for the training of scientific and pedagogical personnel in postgraduate studies is provided by federal executive authorities and federal state bodies in which the legislation of the Russian Federation provides for military or other service equivalent to it, service in the internal affairs bodies, service in the troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation, exemplary internship-assistance programs - the federal executive body responsible for the development of state policy and legal regulation in the field of culture, exemplary residency programs - the federal executive body responsible for the development of state policy and legal regulation in the field of healthcare.

14. In the cases established by this Federal Law, authorized federal state bodies develop and approve exemplary additional professional programs or standard additional professional programs, in accordance with which organizations engaged in educational activities develop appropriate additional professional programs.

15. In the cases established by this Federal Law and other federal laws, the authorized federal state bodies develop and approve exemplary vocational training programs or standard vocational training programs, in accordance with which organizations engaged in educational activities develop appropriate vocational training programs.

1. Preschool educational organizations provide supervision and care for children. Other organizations carrying out educational activities for the implementation of educational programs of preschool education have the right to supervise and care for children.

2. For looking after and caring for a child, the founder of an organization carrying out educational activities establishes a fee charged from parents (legal representatives) (hereinafter referred to as the parental fee), and its amount, unless otherwise established by this Federal Law. The founder has the right to reduce the size of the parental fee or not to collect it from certain categories of parents (legal representatives) in cases and in the manner determined by him. In the event that the care and supervision of a child in an organization carrying out educational activities is paid by the founder, the parental fee is not established.

3. For supervision and care of disabled children, orphans and children left without parental care, as well as for children with tuberculosis intoxication studying in state and municipal educational organizations that implement the educational program of preschool education, parental fees are not charged.

4. It is not allowed to include expenses for the implementation of the educational program of preschool education, as well as expenses for the maintenance of real estate of state and municipal educational organizations implementing the educational program of preschool education, in the parental fee for looking after and caring for a child in such organizations. The amount of the parental fee for childcare and childcare in state and municipal educational organizations cannot be higher than its maximum amount established by the regulatory legal acts of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation for each municipality located on its territory, depending on the conditions of supervision and care of children.

5. In order material support upbringing and education of children attending educational organizations that implement the educational program of preschool education, parents (legal representatives) are provided with compensation. The amount of compensation is established by laws and other regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and should not be less than twenty percent of the average parental fee for childcare and care in state and municipal educational organizations located on the territory of the corresponding constituent entity of the Russian Federation, for the first child, at least fifty percent of the amount of such payment for the second child, not less than seventy percent of the amount of such payment for the third child and subsequent children. The average size of the parental fee for childcare and childcare in state and municipal educational organizations is established by the state authorities of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. The right to receive compensation has one of the parents (legal representatives) who paid the parental fee for the care and maintenance of children in the relevant educational organization. When providing compensation, public authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation shall have the right to establish criteria of need by laws and other regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

6. The procedure for applying for compensation specified in Part 5 of this Article and the procedure for its payment shall be established by the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

7. Financial support for expenses related to the payment of compensation specified in part 5 of this article is an expense obligation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

"On Education in the Russian Federation"

The federal law "On Education in the Russian Federation" establishes the legal, organizational and economic foundations of education in the Russian Federation, the basic principles of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of education, general rules the functioning of the education system and the implementation of educational activities, determines the legal status of participants in relations in the field of education.

In accordance with Article 2, education is understood as a single purposeful process of upbringing and education, which is a socially significant good and is carried out in the interests of a person, family, society and the state, as well as a set of acquired knowledge, skills, values, experience and competence of a certain amount and difficulties for the purposes of intellectual, spiritual and moral, creative, physical and (or) professional development of a person, satisfaction of his educational needs and interests.

New law contains 15 chapters and 111 articles, while the former - the Law of the Russian Federation of July 10, 1992 N 3266-I "On Education" - 6 chapters and 58 articles. A significant increase in volume is not a shortcoming of the law, but a consequence of the expediency of making it exhaustive and ultimately sufficient for the education system. It is very important and useful that the Law expands conceptual apparatus. Terms introduced: educational organization” (this is a non-profit organization that carries out educational activities on the basis of a license as the main activity in accordance with the goals for which such an organization was created) and “an organization that provides training” (this entity carrying out, on the basis of a license, along with the main activity, educational activities as an additional type of activity). These two terms are united by the concept of "organizations engaged in educational activities." Thus, instead of educational institutions a system of educational organizations is introduced, and the employment contract becomes the only document that gives rise to the status of a teacher.

Article 3 lists the main principles of state policy in the field of education. It should be noted that paragraph 6 fixes the “secular nature of education in state, municipal organizations engaged in educational activities”, and paragraph 9 fixes “informational openness and public reporting of educational organizations”.

Chapter 2 No. 273-FZ is devoted to the education system. It includes: 1) federal state educational standards and federal state requirements; 2) organizations carrying out educational activities; 3) federal state bodies and state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments; 4) organizations providing educational activities, assessing the quality of education.

It should be noted that the education system includes teachers and students (in the previous law "On Education" this was not), parents (legal representatives) of underage students. Organizations that carry out quality assessment are highlighted, which makes them an integral and independent component of the education system.

Special attention is given to the structure of the education system. It consists of general education, vocational education, additional education and vocational training that ensures the possibility of realizing the right to education throughout life ( continuing education). The levels of vocational education are defined as:

1) secondary vocational education;

2) higher education - bachelor's degree;

3) higher education - specialty, magistracy;

4) higher education - training highest qualification. As you can see, there is no level - initial vocational education, there is no postgraduate professional education, and the level - training of highly qualified personnel - is classified as higher education. The named levels of higher education do not contain the word “professional”, there has been a return to traditions and global categories, although in essence higher education is professional and is classified as a level of professional education.

Article 17 of the Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" introduces the concepts of the form of education (obtaining education in organizations engaged in educational activities; obtaining education outside these organizations, that is, in the form of family education and self-education) and the form of education (full-time, part-time and correspondence). It should be noted that the Law does not name the form of external education, while in the article “Students” (Article 33) external students are also referred to as students - persons enrolled in an organization that carries out educational activities according to state-accredited educational programs for passing intermediate and state final certification. This is one of the contradictions of the Law.

Article 34 establishes the basic rights of students and the measures for their social support and stimulation. Students have the right to attend events of their choice that are held in an organization that carries out educational activities; to participate in public associations, including trade unions, as well as to create public associations of students. They have the right to create student teams to organize temporary employment of students who have expressed a desire to work in various sectors of the economy in their free time from study. Thus, the Law will expand the provisions of the Law of the Russian Federation "On trade unions, their rights and guarantees of activity", according to which only working citizens can be united in a trade union.

Article 43 establishes the duties and responsibilities of students. Students are required to: 1) conscientiously master the educational program, attend the prescribed curriculum classes; 2) comply with the requirements of the charter and internal regulations of the organization; 3) take care of the preservation and strengthening of their health, strive for spiritual and physical development; 4) respect the honor and dignity of other students and employees of the organization, and others.

Particular attention should be paid to Article 72, which defines the forms of integration of educational and research activities in higher education. The goals of this integration are staffing scientific research, improving the quality of training students in educational programs of higher education, attracting students to conduct scientific research under the guidance of scientists, using new knowledge and achievements of science and technology in educational activities.

Also presented the following forms such integration:

1) conducting scientific research by educational organizations

research and experimental development through grants or other sources of financial support;

2) involvement by educational organizations of employees of scientific organizations and other organizations engaged in research activities;

3) implementation by educational and scientific organizations of joint scientific and educational projects, scientific research and experimental development;

4) creation in educational organizations of laboratories carrying out research and (or) scientific and technical activities; as well as departments carrying out educational activities.

Compared with this Law, which determines the forms of integration of educational and research activities in higher education, the Federal Law of August 22, 1996 N 125-ФЗ “On Higher and Postgraduate Vocational Education” (repealed) indicates the main tasks of higher educational institution, among which the development of sciences and arts through scientific research and creative activity scientific teaching staff and students, the use of the results obtained in the educational process. In addition, it lists the types and names of higher educational institutions: federal university, university, academy, institute. The new Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” does not contain this article.

Chapter 1. General Provisions

Article 2 Basic concepts used in this Federal Law

Inclusive education - ensuring equal access to education for all students, taking into account the diversity of special educational needs and individual opportunities; adapted educational program - an educational program adapted for the training of persons with handicapped health, taking into account the peculiarities of their psychophysical development, individual capabilities and, if necessary, ensuring the correction of developmental disorders and social adaptation of these persons; education is a single purposeful process of upbringing and training, which is a socially significant good and is carried out in the interests of a person, family, society and the state, as well as a set of acquired knowledge, skills, values, experience and competence of a certain amount and complexity for the purposes of intellectual, spiritual and moral, creative, physical and (or) professional development of a person, satisfaction of his educational needs and interests;

upbringing is an activity aimed at personal development, creating conditions for self-determination and socialization of a student on the basis of socio-cultural, spiritual and moral values and rules and norms of behavior accepted in society in the interests of a person, family, society and the state;

learning is a purposeful process of organizing the activities of students to acquire knowledge, skills, abilities and competencies, gain experience in activities, develop abilities, gain experience in applying knowledge in Everyday life and the formation of students' motivation to receive education throughout their lives;

a student with disabilities (HIA) - an individual who has deficiencies in physical and (or) psychological development, confirmed by the psychological-medical-pedagogical commission and preventing education without creating special conditions;

disabled person - a person who has a health disorder with a persistent disorder of body functions due to diseases, the consequences of injuries or defects, leading to a limitation of life and causing the need for his social protection.

Article 5 The right to education. State guarantees for the realization of the right to education in the Russian Federation

5. In order to realize the right of every person to education by federal state bodies, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments:

1) are created the necessary conditions to receive without discrimination quality education by persons with disabilities, for the correction of developmental disorders and social adaptation, the provision of early correctional assistance based on special pedagogical approaches and the languages, methods and methods of communication most suitable for these persons and conditions that are most conducive to obtaining education of a certain level and a certain orientation, as well as social development these persons, including through the organization of inclusive education for persons with disabilities;

2) assistance is provided to persons who have shown outstanding abilities and who, in accordance with this Federal Law, include students who have shown high level intellectual development and creativity in a certain area of educational and research activities, in scientific, technical and artistic creativity, in physical culture and sports;

3) full or partial financial support for the maintenance of persons in need of social support in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation is carried out during the period of their education.

Chapter 4. Students and their parents (legal representatives)

Article 34. Basic rights of students and measures of their social support and stimulation

1. Students are granted academic rights to:

1) the choice of an organization carrying out educational activities, the form of education and the form of education after receiving basic general education or after reaching the age of eighteen;

2) provision of conditions for learning, taking into account the peculiarities of their psychophysical development and state of health, including the receipt of social, pedagogical and psychological assistance, free psychological, medical and pedagogical correction;

3) training according to an individual curriculum, including accelerated training, within the educational program being mastered in the manner prescribed by local regulations;

5) the choice of optional (optional for a given level of education, profession, specialty or area of training) and elective (mandatory) subjects, courses, disciplines (modules) from the list proposed by the organization engaged in educational activities (after receiving basic general education );

9) respect for human dignity, protection from all forms of physical and mental violence, personal insults, protection of life and health;

10) freedom of conscience, information, free expression of one's own views and convictions;

11) vacations - planned breaks when receiving education for recreation and other social purposes in accordance with the legislation on education and the calendar study schedule.

Article 41. Health protection of students

5. For students mastering basic educational programs and in need of long-term treatment, educational organizations are created, including sanatoriums, in which the necessary medical, rehabilitation and recreational activities are carried out for such students. The education of such children, as well as children with disabilities who, for health reasons, cannot attend educational organizations, can also be organized by educational organizations at home or in medical organizations. The basis for organizing training at home or in a medical organization is the conclusion of a medical organization and a written request from parents (legal representatives).

Article 42

1. Psychological and pedagogical, medical and social assistance is provided to children who experience difficulties in mastering basic general education programs, development and social adaptation, including minors who are recognized in cases and in the manner that are provided for by the criminal procedure legislation, suspected, accused or defendants in a criminal case or who are victims or witnesses of a crime, in the centers of psychological and pedagogical, medical and social assistance created by the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as psychologists, educational psychologists of organizations engaged in educational activities in which such children study. Local self-government bodies have the right to establish centers for psychological, pedagogical, medical and social assistance.

2. Psychological-pedagogical, medical and social assistance includes:

1) psychological and pedagogical counseling for students, their parents (legal representatives) and teachers;

2) correctional-developing and compensatory classes with students, speech therapy assistance to students;

3) a complex of rehabilitation and other medical measures;

4) assistance to students in career guidance, obtaining a profession and social adaptation.

3. Psychological-pedagogical, medical and social assistance is provided to children on the basis of an application or written consent of their parents (legal representatives).

4. The Center for Psychological, Pedagogical, Medical and Social Assistance also provides assistance to organizations engaged in educational activities on the implementation of basic general educational programs, training and education of students, including psychological and pedagogical support for the implementation of basic general educational programs, provides methodological assistance to organizations, carrying out educational activities, including assistance in the development of educational programs, individual curricula, choosing the best methods of teaching and educating students who have difficulty mastering basic general education programs, identifying and eliminating potential obstacles to learning, and also monitors the effectiveness of organizations providing educational activities , psychological, pedagogical, medical and social assistance to children experiencing difficulties in mastering basic general educational programs, development and social adaptation.

5. The center for psychological and pedagogical, medical and social assistance may be entrusted with the implementation of the functions of a psychological, medical and pedagogical commission, including the conduct of a comprehensive psychological, medical and pedagogical examination of children in order to timely identify features in physical and (or) mental development and (or) deviations in the behavior of children, preparing, based on the results of the examination of children, recommendations for providing them with psychological, medical and pedagogical assistance and organizing their education and upbringing, as well as confirming, clarifying or changing previously given recommendations. The regulation on the psychological, medical and pedagogical commission and the procedure for conducting a comprehensive psychological, medical and pedagogical examination of children are established by the federal executive body in charge of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education, in agreement with the federal executive body in charge of on the development of state policy and legal regulation in the field of healthcare.

6. Psychological and pedagogical assistance in the center of psychological and pedagogical, medical and social assistance is provided by psychologists, social pedagogues, speech therapists, speech pathologists and other specialists necessary for the proper implementation of the functions of such a center. The Center for Psychological, Pedagogical, Medical and Social Assistance also carries out a set of measures to identify the causes of social maladjustment of children and provides them with social assistance, communicates with the family, as well as with bodies and organizations on the employment of children, providing them with housing, benefits and pensions.

Article 44

1. Parents (legal representatives) of underage students have a preferential right to the education and upbringing of children over all other persons. They are obliged to lay the foundations for the physical, moral and intellectual development of the child's personality.

3. Parents (legal representatives) of minor students have the right to:

1) before the child completes the basic general education, taking into account the opinion of the child, as well as taking into account the recommendations of the psychological, medical and pedagogical commission (if any), the forms of education and forms of education, organizations engaged in educational activities, language, languages of education, optional and elective subjects, courses, disciplines (modules) from the list proposed by the organization carrying out educational activities;

2) to give the child pre-school, primary general, basic general, secondary general education in the family. A child receiving education in a family, by decision of his parents (legal representatives), taking into account his opinion at any stage of education, has the right to continue his education in an educational organization;

4) get acquainted with the content of education, the methods of teaching and education used, educational technologies, as well as with the grades of their children;

5) protect the rights and legitimate interests of students;

6) receive information about all types of planned examinations (psychological, psychological and pedagogical) of students, give consent to conduct such examinations or participate in such examinations, refuse to conduct or participate in them, receive information about the results of examinations of students;

8) be present during the examination of children by the psychological-medical-pedagogical commission, discussing the results of the examination and recommendations received from the results of the examination, express their opinion on the proposed conditions for organizing the education and upbringing of children.

4. Parents (legal representatives) of minor students are obliged to:

1) ensure that children receive general education;

2) comply with the internal regulations of the organization carrying out educational activities, the rules of residence of students in boarding schools, the requirements of local regulations that establish the mode of study of students, the procedure for regulating educational relations between the educational organization and students and (or) their parents (legal representatives) and registration emergence, suspension and termination of these relations;

3) respect the honor and dignity of students and employees of the organization carrying out educational activities.

6. For failure to perform or improper performance of the duties established by this Federal Law and other federal laws, parents (legal representatives) of underage students shall be liable under the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Article 55 General requirement for admission to training in an organization carrying out educational activities.

3. Admission to study in basic general education programs and educational programs of vocational education at the expense of the budgetary allocations of the federal budget, the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local budgets is carried out on a public basis, unless otherwise provided by this Federal Law. Children with disabilities are accepted to study under an adapted basic general education program only with the consent of their parents (legal representatives) and on the basis of the recommendations of the psychological, medical and pedagogical commission.

Article 65

2. For looking after and caring for a child, the founder of an organization engaged in educational activities has the right to establish a fee charged from parents (legal representatives) (hereinafter referred to as the parental fee), and its amount, unless otherwise established by this Federal Law. The founder has the right to reduce the size of the parental fee or not to collect it from certain categories of parents (legal representatives) in cases and in the manner determined by him.

5. For the purpose of material support for the upbringing and education of children attending educational organizations that implement the educational program of preschool education, parents (legal representatives) are paid compensation in the amount established by the regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, but not less than twenty percent of the average parental fee for supervision and childcare in state and municipal educational organizations located on the territory of the relevant subject of the Russian Federation, for the first child, at least fifty percent of the amount of such a fee for the second child, at least seventy percent of the amount of such fee for the third child and subsequent children. The average size of the parental fee for childcare and childcare in state and municipal educational organizations is established by the state authorities of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. The right to receive compensation has one of the parents (legal representatives) who paid the parental fee for the care and maintenance of children in the relevant educational organization.

Article 66. Primary general, basic general and secondary general education

10. For students in need of long-term treatment, disabled children who, for health reasons, cannot attend educational organizations, training in educational programs of primary general, basic general and secondary general education is organized at home or in medical organizations.

11. The procedure for formalizing relations of a state or municipal educational organization with students and (or) their parents (legal representatives) in terms of organizing training in educational programs of primary general, basic general and secondary general education at home or in medical organizations is established by the regulatory legal act of the authorized body state power of the subject of the Russian Federation.

12. For students with deviant (socially dangerous) behavior, in need of special conditions for upbringing, training and requiring a special pedagogical approach, in order to receive primary general, basic general and secondary general education, authorized state authorities of the Russian Federation or constituent entities of the Russian Federation create special educational institutions of open and closed types. The procedure for sending minors to special educational and educational institutions of open and closed types and the conditions for their stay in such institutions are determined by the Federal Law of June 24, 1999 N 120-ФЗ “On the Fundamentals of the System for the Prevention of Neglect and Juvenile Delinquency”.

Article 67

1. Getting pre-school education in educational organizations may begin when children reach the age of two months. Obtaining primary general education in educational organizations begins when children reach the age of six years and six months in the absence of contraindications for health reasons, but no later than they reach the age of eight years. At the request of the parents (legal representatives) of the children, the founder of the educational organization has the right to allow the admission of children to the educational organization for training in educational programs of primary general education at an earlier or later age.

2. The rules for admission to study in basic general education programs must ensure the admission of all citizens who have the right to receive general education of the appropriate level, unless otherwise provided by this Federal Law.

3. The rules for admission to state and municipal educational organizations for training in basic general education programs must also ensure the admission to an educational organization of citizens who have the right to receive general education of the appropriate level and live in the territory to which the specified educational organization is assigned.

4. Admission to a state or municipal educational organization may be refused only because there are no vacancies in it, except for the cases provided for by Parts 5 and 6 of this Article and Article 88 of this Federal Law. In the absence of places in a state or municipal educational organization, the parents (legal representatives) of the child to resolve the issue of his placement in another educational organization apply directly to the executive authority of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, carrying out public administration in the field of education, or a local self-government body exercising management in the field of education.

Article 79. Organization of education for students with disabilities

2. General education of students with disabilities is carried out in organizations that carry out educational activities according to adapted basic general educational programs. In such organizations, special conditions are created for the education of these students.

3. The special conditions for obtaining education by students with disabilities in this Federal Law are understood as the conditions for the education, upbringing and development of such students, including the use of special educational programs and methods of training and education, special textbooks, teaching aids and didactic materials, special technical means training for collective and individual use, the provision of services of an assistant (assistant) providing students with the necessary technical assistance, conducting group and individual remedial classes, providing access to the buildings of organizations engaged in educational activities, and other conditions without which it is impossible or difficult to master educational programs for students with health limitations.

4. Education of students with disabilities can be organized both jointly with other students, and in separate classes, groups or in separate organizations carrying out educational activities.

5. Separate organizations that carry out educational activities according to adapted basic general education programs are created by the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation for the deaf, hard of hearing, late deaf, blind, visually impaired, with severe speech impairments, with disorders of the musculoskeletal system, with mental retardation, with with mental retardation, with autism spectrum disorders, with complex defects and other students with disabilities.

7. Students with disabilities living in an organization carrying out educational activities are fully supported by the state and are provided with food, clothing, footwear, soft and hard equipment. Other students with disabilities are provided with free two meals a day.

8. Vocational training and vocational education for students with disabilities are carried out on the basis of educational programs adapted, if necessary, for the training of these students.

9. State authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation provide vocational training for students with disabilities (with various forms of mental retardation) who do not have a basic general or secondary general education.

10. Professional educational organizations and educational organizations of higher education, as well as organizations that carry out educational activities in the main programs of vocational training, must create special conditions for the education of students with disabilities.

11. When receiving education, students with disabilities are provided free of charge with special textbooks and study guides, other educational literature, as well as the services of sign language and sign language interpreters. The specified measure of social support is an expenditure obligation of the subject of the Russian Federation in relation to such students, with the exception of students studying at the expense of the budgetary allocations of the federal budget. For people with disabilities who study at the expense of the federal budget, the provision of these social support measures is an expense obligation of the Russian Federation.

12. The state, represented by the state authorities of the Russian Federation authorized by it and the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, provides training for teachers who own special pedagogical approaches and methods of teaching and educating students with disabilities, and promotes the involvement of such workers in organizations engaged in educational activities .

1. Students are granted academic rights to:

1) the choice of an organization carrying out educational activities, the form of education and the form of education after receiving basic general education or after reaching the age of eighteen;

3) training according to an individual curriculum, including accelerated training, within the educational program being mastered in the manner prescribed by local regulations;

4) participation in the formation of the content of their professional education, subject to the federal state educational standards of secondary vocational and higher education, educational standards in the manner established by local regulations (the said right may be limited by the terms of the agreement on targeted training);

6) development, along with academic subjects, courses, disciplines (modules) according to the educational program being mastered, of any other academic subjects, courses, disciplines (modules) taught in an organization carrying out educational activities, in the manner established by it, as well as taught in other organizations, carrying out educational activities, academic subjects, courses, disciplines (modules), simultaneous development of several basic professional educational programs;

7) offset by an organization engaged in educational activities, in the manner established by it, of the results of mastering by students of academic subjects, courses, disciplines (modules), practice, additional educational programs in other organizations engaged in educational activities;

8) deferment from conscription for military service provided in accordance with the Federal Law of March 28, 1998 N 53-FZ "On military duty and military service";

9) respect for human dignity, protection from all forms of physical and mental violence, personal insults, protection of life and health;

10) freedom of conscience, information, free expression of one's own views and convictions;

11) holidays - planned breaks when receiving education for recreation and other social purposes in accordance with the legislation on education and the calendar study schedule;

12) academic leave in the manner and on the grounds established by the federal executive body responsible for the development of state policy and legal regulation in the field of education, as well as maternity leave, parental leave until he reaches the age of three years in the manner, established by federal laws;

13) transfer for education in another profession, specialty and (or) direction of training, in another form of education in the manner prescribed by the legislation on education;

14) transition from paid education on the free education in cases and in the manner prescribed by the federal executive body responsible for the development of state policy and legal regulation in the field of education;

15) transfer to another educational organization that implements an educational program of the appropriate level, in the manner prescribed by the federal executive body that performs the functions of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education;

16) restoration for education in an educational organization that implements basic professional educational programs, in the manner prescribed by the legislation on education;

17) participation in the management of an educational organization in the manner prescribed by its charter;

18) familiarization with the certificate of state registration, with a charter, with a license to carry out educational activities, with a certificate of state accreditation, with educational documentation, other documents regulating the organization and implementation of educational activities in an educational organization;

19) appeal against acts of an educational organization in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of the Russian Federation;

20) free use of library and information resources, educational, industrial, scientific base of an educational organization;

21) use, in accordance with the procedure established by local regulations, medical and recreational infrastructure, cultural and sports facilities of an educational organization;

22) development of their creative abilities and interests, including participation in competitions, olympiads, exhibitions, reviews, sports events, sports events, including official sports competitions, and other public events;

23) participation in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation in research, scientific and technical, experimental and innovative activities carried out by an educational organization, under the guidance of scientific and pedagogical workers of educational organizations of higher education and (or) scientists of scientific organizations;

24) direction for training and conducting scientific research on selected topics, internships, including within the framework of academic exchange, to other educational organizations and scientific organizations, including educational organizations of higher education and scientific organizations of foreign states;

26) encouragement for success in educational, physical culture, sports, social, scientific, scientific and technical, creative, experimental and innovative activities;

27) combining education with work without prejudice to the development of the educational program, the implementation of an individual curriculum;

28) obtaining information from an educational organization on the situation in the field of employment of the population of the Russian Federation in the professions, specialties and areas of training mastered by them;

29) other academic rights provided for by this Federal Law, other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, local regulations.

2. Students are provided with the following measures of social support and incentives:

1) full state provision, including the provision of clothing, footwear, hard and soft equipment, in cases and in the manner established by federal laws, laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

2) provision of food in the cases and in the manner established by federal laws, laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

3) provision of places in boarding schools, as well as the provision of residential premises in hostels in accordance with this Federal Law and housing legislation;

4) transport support in accordance with Article 40 of this Federal Law;

5) receiving scholarships, material assistance and other monetary payments provided for by the legislation on education;

6) provision of an educational loan in accordance with the procedure established in accordance with this Federal Law and the legislation of the Russian Federation;

7) other measures of social support provided for by the regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and the regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, legal acts of local governments, local regulations.

3. Persons mastering the main educational program in the form of self-education or family education, or who have studied under an educational program that does not have state accreditation, have the right to externally pass an intermediate and state final certification in an organization that carries out educational activities according to the corresponding state-accredited educational program. These persons who do not have a basic general or secondary general education are entitled to pass externally an intermediate and state final certification in an organization that carries out educational activities according to the corresponding state-accredited basic general education program, free of charge. When passing certification, externs use academic rights students in the relevant educational program.

4. Students have the right to attend events of their choice that are held in an organization that carries out educational activities and are not provided for by the curriculum, in the manner prescribed by local regulations. Engagement of students without their consent and minor students without the consent of their parents (legal representatives) to work not provided for by the educational program is prohibited.

5. Students have the right to participate in public associations, including trade unions, established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, as well as to create public associations of students in the manner prescribed by federal law.

6. Coercion of students, pupils to join public associations, including political parties, as well as forced involvement in the activities of these associations and participation in campaigns and political actions is not allowed.

7. Students who master the basic educational programs of secondary general, secondary vocational and higher education have the right to create student groups, which are public associations of students, the purpose of which is to organize temporary employment of such students who have expressed a desire to work in various industries in their spare time economy.

8. Organizations engaged in educational activities, the financial support of which is carried out at the expense of the budgetary allocations of the federal budget, the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and (or) local budgets, within their competence and in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, provide students at the expense of the budgetary allocations of the federal budget, budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local budgets with scholarships, living quarters in dormitories, boarding schools, and also carry out other measures of their social support provided for by this Federal Law and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

9. In case of termination of the activities of an organization engaged in educational activities, cancellation of the relevant license, deprivation of its state accreditation for the relevant educational program or expiration of the state accreditation for the relevant educational program, the founder and (or) the management body of the specified organization authorized by him shall ensure the transfer of adult students from their consent and minor students with the consent of their parents (legal representatives) to other organizations that carry out educational activities on educational programs of the appropriate level and focus. In the event of suspension of a license, suspension of state accreditation in full or in relation to individual levels of education, enlarged groups of professions, specialties and areas of training, the founder and (or) the management body of the specified organization authorized by him provide transfer at the request of adult students, minor students at the request of their parents (legal representatives) to other organizations that carry out educational activities on state-accredited basic educational programs of the appropriate level and focus. The procedure and conditions for the implementation of such a transfer are established by the federal executive body responsible for the development of state policy and legal regulation in the field of education.

10. Persons who have completed the development of educational programs of secondary general education, have successfully passed the state final certification and have final grades of "excellent" in all academic subjects studied in accordance with the curriculum, the educational organization, simultaneously with the issuance of the corresponding document on education, awards the medal "For special successes in teaching", the sample, description and procedure for issuing which are established by the federal executive body responsible for the development of state policy and legal regulation in the field of education.