London School of Economics. London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
The school has been in existence since 1895. The school began its activities as a branch of the University of London. The founders of the London school of economics and political science were active public figures and science activists Graham Wallace, Sidney Webb, Bernard Shaw, and Beatrice Webb.
The modern London School of Economics and Political Science consists of nineteen research centers and more than 20 faculties. The school has a convenient location. It is located in the old quarter, which does not tire of flickering in the ratings of the best places to live in the British capital.
Graduates of this educational institution are considered valuable employees. Large banks, international economic organizations, famous law firms are interested in them.
Amazing teachers ─ that's what else the London school of economics and political science can rightly be proud of. They are selected according to strict criteria: the future employee must have at least 5 years of practical experience in the specialty, the basics of which he will teach. Sometimes you can see real celebrities in lecture halls. Like Bill Clinton and George Soros.
And if a student wants to replenish his knowledge base without the help of teachers, he can go to the library of the London School of Economics and Political Science. One of the most extensive collections of books on politics, economics, and philosophy in Europe is stored here.
Faculties of the educational institution
Main scientific directions that are cultivated at school are sociology, economics, political sciences.
The London school of economics and political science has faculties:
- Information and Communication
- Anthropological
- Scientific research
- Historical
- Philosophical
- Geographical
- Institute for Gender Studies.
In addition to social disciplines, students during their studies at the faculties at the London school of economics and political science focus on the study of economics, law, political science, and accounting.
The reason for the presence of such diverse subjects in the schedule is the orientation of the school towards multidisciplinary education.
How to enter the school?
Annually educational institution enrolls about 4 thousand students. The competition for admission is quite high, and the requirements for applicants are serious and strict.
When applying for undergraduate programs, you must:
- Leave an application on the UCAS website (accepted from September to mid-January).
- Submit proof document high level possessions English language(IELTS ─ not lower than 7, iBT─ from 107 points).
- Get an A-level certificate in advance ( GPA─ not lower than 3.0).
- Compose motivation letter in English (you need to reasonably and interestingly state the reason why you want to study here).
- Provide letters of recommendation from teachers from the previous educational institution.
Future undergraduates need:
- Pass the GRE or GMAT test (if the future specialty is related to physics and mathematics).
- Provide a diploma of completion of the undergraduate program.
- Bring an IELTS or TOEFL language certificate with a score of at least 7 and 107 respectively.
Notable alumni of the school
Among former students The educational institution has laureates of prestigious awards, parliamentarians, businessmen, presidents.
For example, the London School of Economics and Political Science was the beginning of the career of a well-known economist and laureate Nobel Prize John Hicks, an active developer of the foundations of modern international trade James Mead. The economist Paul Krugman also studied here and received a Nobel for his successful study of trade patterns and economic geography.
Tuition expenses
A bachelor's student must expect to spend £17,000 a year. The fee for a year of study in a master's program varies from 18 to 24 thousand euros.
But bachelor students who choose to study at the London school of economics and political science are very lucky. After all, the educational institution gives them the opportunity to receive a scholarship in the amount of 26 thousand euros. One of the main criteria for choosing students who are entitled to it is good academic performance. School students are not prohibited from working during their free time.
Accommodation
Each freshman is given a place in a student hostel. Students live in small cozy houses, which are located near the main building of the institution.
Rest and free time
At the London School of Economics and Political Science, there are many opportunities to have a great free time. You can visit the swimming pool, gym, play tennis or go to the fitness club. There are many such sites in modern sports complexes of the school. The school also has fields for playing football and rugby.
Fans of shopping and vibrant cultural events will not be bored either, because the school's convenient location in the city center allows you to attend drama and ballet performances, concerts, and exhibitions.
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from 140 countries
~ 1,300 (45% non-UK)
Rapidly developing in the following years, the school was located in the very center of London on Clare Market and Hagton Street. In 1920, King George V laid the foundation stone for the construction of the Old Building on Houghton Street.
IN post-war years the school has continually expanded, still occupying a central London location between Lincoln's Inn Fields and Aldwych, next door to the Royal Palace of Justice.
The London School has a great influence, thanks to its connections in the world of politics, business and law. As of February 2009, about 32% of past and present heads of state studied or taught at the LSE; 28 members of the House of Commons of the British Parliament and 42 members of the House of Lords also studied or taught at the LSE.
School leaders
The school was headed:
- - - William Huyns
- - Sir Halford Mackinder
- - - William Pember Reeves
- - - Sir (later - Lord) William Beveridge
- - - Sir Alexander Carr-Saunders
- - Sir Sidney Kane
- - Sir Walter Adams
- - - Professor Lord Ralf Dahrendorf
- - - Dr. Indraprasad Patel
- - - Sir John Ashworth
- - - Professor (later - Lord) Anthony Giddens
- - - Sir Howard Davies
- - - Professor Judith Rees
- - present - Prof. Greg Calhoun
Nobel Laureates
| Year | Name of laureate | Nomination |
| 1925 | George Bernard Shaw | Literature |
| 1950 | Ralph Bunche | Peace Prize |
| 1950 | Bertrand Russell | Literature |
| 1959 | Philip Noel-Baker | Peace Prize |
| 1972 | John Hicks (Sir John Hicks) | Economy |
| 1974 | Friedrich Hayek | Economy |
| 1977 | James Meade | Economy |
| 1979 | Sir William Arthur Lewis | Economy |
| 1990 | Merton MillerMerton Miller | Economy |
| 1991 | Ronald Coase | Economy |
| 1998 | Amartya Sen | Economy |
| 1999 | Robert Mundell | Economy |
| 2001 | George Akerlof | Economy |
| 2007 | Leonid Hurwicz | Economy |
| 2008 | Paul Krugman | Economy |
| 2010 | Christopher A. Pissarides | Economy |
Modern school structure
Currently, about 9,000 students from different countries world (more than 140 for the entire existence of the school), including 32% from the United Kingdom, 19% from the EU and 49% from other countries of the world.
The educational structure of the LSE includes 23 departments (Departments), covering a wide range of social sciences: economics, law, sociology, finance, accounting, management, anthropology, etc. The LSE Library is the world's largest library of social sciences. Founded in 1896, it is known worldwide as the British Library of Political and Economic Science. The library funds include more than four million units of books and more than 20,000 titles of printed magazines. The total length of the shelves, to which library readers have free access, is 50 km. The library presents literature in all major European languages, including the Russian section, the largest of the foreign libraries in the social sciences. The library has a subscription to 20,000 electronic journals.
The London School of Economics has several hostels for students located in different parts of London, usually not far from educational buildings.
Graduates
The main places of work where school graduates find jobs are various financial structures (banks, audit companies, investment companies), reputable legal organizations.
see also
- British Library of Political and Economic Sciences
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An excerpt characterizing the London School of Economics and Political Science
Before the battle of Borodino, our forces were approximately in relation to the French as five to six, and after the battle as one to two, that is, before the battle one hundred thousand; a hundred and twenty, and after the battle fifty to a hundred. And at the same time, the smart and experienced Kutuzov accepted the battle. Napoleon, the brilliant commander, as he is called, gave battle, losing a quarter of the army and stretching his line even more. If it is said that by occupying Moscow he thought he would end the campaign by occupying Vienna, then there is much evidence against this. The historians of Napoleon themselves say that even from Smolensk he wanted to stop, knew the danger of his extended position, knew that the occupation of Moscow would not be the end of the campaign, because from Smolensk he saw in what position the Russian cities were left to him, and did not receive a single answer to their repeated statements about their desire to negotiate.giving and taking battle of Borodino, Kutuzov and Napoleon acted involuntarily and senselessly. And historians, under the accomplished facts, only later summed up the intricate evidence of the foresight and genius of the generals, who, of all the involuntary tools of world events, were the most slavish and involuntary figures.
The ancients left us models of heroic poems in which the heroes are the whole interest of history, and we still cannot get used to the fact that for our human time this kind of history has no meaning.
To another question: how the battles of Borodino and the Shevardino battles preceding it were given - there is also a very definite and well-known, completely false idea. All historians describe the case as follows:
The Russian army, as if in its retreat from Smolensk, was looking for the best position for a general battle, and such a position was allegedly found at Borodin.
The Russians supposedly fortified this position forward, to the left of the road (from Moscow to Smolensk), at almost a right angle to it, from Borodino to Utitsa, on the very spot where the battle took place.
In front of this position, a fortified advanced post on the Shevardinsky barrow was allegedly put up to observe the enemy. On the 24th, Napoleon allegedly attacked the forward post and took it; On the 26th, he attacked the entire Russian army, which was in position on the Borodino field.
So the stories say, and all this is completely unfair, as anyone who wants to delve into the essence of the matter will easily be convinced of.
The Russians did not look for a better position; but, on the contrary, in their retreat they passed many positions that were better than Borodino. They did not stop at any of these positions: both because Kutuzov did not want to accept a position that was not chosen by him, and because the demand for a popular battle had not yet been expressed strongly enough, and because Miloradovich had not yet approached with the militia, and also because other reasons that are innumerable. The fact is that the former positions were stronger and that the Borodino position (the one on which the battle was given) is not only not strong, but for some reason is not at all a position more than any other place in Russian Empire, which, guessing, would indicate with a pin on the map.
The Russians not only did not fortify the position of the Borodino field to the left at a right angle from the road (that is, the place where the battle took place), but never before August 25, 1812 did not think that the battle could take place on this place. This is evidenced, firstly, by the fact that not only on the 25th there were no fortifications in this place, but that, begun on the 25th, they were not completed on the 26th; secondly, the position of the Shevardinsky redoubt serves as proof: the Shevardinsky redoubt, in front of the position on which the battle was taken, does not make any sense. Why was this redoubt fortified stronger than all other points? And why, defending it on the 24th until late at night, were all efforts exhausted and six thousand people lost? To observe the enemy, a Cossack patrol was enough. Thirdly, the proof that the position on which the battle took place was not foreseen and that the Shevardinsky redoubt was not the forward point of this position is that Barclay de Tolly and Bagration until the 25th were convinced that the Shevardinsky redoubt was the left flank of the position and that Kutuzov himself, in his report, written in the heat of the moment after the battle, calls the Shevardinsky redoubt the left flank of the position. Much later, when reports about the battle of Borodino were written in the open, it was (probably to justify the mistakes of the commander in chief, who had to be infallible) that unfair and strange testimony was invented that the Shevardinsky redoubt served as an advanced post (whereas it was only a fortified point of the left flank) and as if the battle of Borodino was accepted by us in a fortified and pre-selected position, while it took place in a completely unexpected and almost unfortified place.
The case, obviously, was like this: the position was chosen along the Kolocha River, which crossed the main road not at a straight line, but at an acute angle, so that the left flank was in Shevardin, the right flank was near the village of Novy and the center was in Borodino, at the confluence of the Kolocha and Vo rivers. yn. This position, under the cover of the Kolocha River, for the army, whose goal is to stop the enemy moving along the Smolensk road to Moscow, is obvious to anyone who looks at the Borodino field, forgetting how the battle took place.
Napoleon, leaving on the 24th to Valuev, did not see (as the stories say) the position of the Russians from Utitsa to Borodin (he could not see this position, because it was not there) and did not see the advanced post of the Russian army, but stumbled in the pursuit of the Russian rearguard on the left flank of the position of the Russians, on the Shevardinsky redoubt, and unexpectedly for the Russians transferred troops through Kolocha. And the Russians, not having time to enter into a general battle, retreated with their left wing from the position they intended to take, and took up a new position, which was not foreseen and not fortified. Having crossed to the left side of Kolocha, to the left of the road, Napoleon moved the entire future battle from right to left (from the side of the Russians) and transferred it to the field between Utitsa, Semenovsky and Borodino (in this field, which has nothing more advantageous for the position than any another field in Russia), and on this field the whole battle took place on the 26th. In rough form, the plan for the proposed battle and the battle that took place will be as follows:
If Napoleon had not left on the evening of the 24th for Kolocha and had not ordered to attack the redoubt immediately in the evening, but had begun the attack the next day in the morning, then no one would have doubted that the Shevardinsky redoubt was the left flank of our position; and the battle would have taken place as we expected it to. In that case, we would probably have defended the Shevardino redoubt, our left flank, even more stubbornly; they would attack Napoleon in the center or on the right, and on the 24th there would be a general battle in the position that was fortified and foreseen. But since the attack on our left flank took place in the evening, following the retreat of our rearguard, that is, immediately after the battle of Gridneva, and since the Russian military leaders did not want or did not have time to start a general battle on the same 24th evening, the first and main action of Borodinsky the battle was lost on the 24th and, obviously, led to the loss of the one that was given on the 26th.
After the loss of the Shevardinsky redoubt, by the morning of the 25th we found ourselves without a position on the left flank and were forced to bend back our left wing and hastily strengthen it anywhere.
But not only did the Russian troops stand only under the protection of weak, unfinished fortifications on August 26, the disadvantage of this situation was further increased by the fact that the Russian military leaders, not fully recognizing the accomplished fact (the loss of a position on the left flank and the transfer of the entire future battlefield from right to left ), remained in their stretched position from the village of Novy to Utitsa and, as a result, had to move their troops from right to left during the battle. Thus, during the entire battle, the Russians had against all French army, aimed at our left wing, twice the weakest forces. (The actions of Poniatowski against Utitsa and Uvarov on the right flank of the French constituted actions separate from the course of the battle.)
A London School of Economics student shares a story about how the annual foundation program at University College London prepared him for university.
Admission to the London School of Economics
I entered London School of Economics (LSE) to "mathematics/economics". I chose the university because of the big name and good reputation. For employment in England LSE much better Cambridge University And University of Oxford.
The LSE has an internal exam. It is held in March, but the deadline for submitting documents is mid-January. The further scheme of admission is as follows: you write a three-hour exam and after a while you receive an offer. I've been waiting for mine for two weeks.
The LSE turns down a lot of people. Of the 35 people who applied, only 10 went to the exam. And only four received a job offer.
To LSE from UCL
The Foundation program helped me to enter the LSE. I passed it in University College London (UCL). The program focuses on the exam, good result. It allows you to get used to the learning system itself. As a rule, Foundation graduates in the first year of the university show much better results, because they are adapted to the educational system and know what to do.
Foundation is a big and right step. Youyou study two compulsory subjects - English and ARM (Academic Research and Methods) and two additional ones - I chose mathematics and economics. Thanks to strong teachers, there are no problems with learning.
In the second and third semesters, you write a big project, the load on subjects increases, IELTS lessons appear. Twice a year, the university gives reading weeks, for which you need to read all articles and books on compulsory and additional curriculum and review what you have learned. If you allocate time correctly, you can do everything, so it is important to learn time management.
UCL selects for Foundation the best students , so few people fail the program.
Life in London
UCL is an urban university in London. It consists of many buildings. There is no main beautiful campus or atmospheric library. I lived in a hostel where everyone was very friendly. I have developed a good relationship with the guys from the course.
A large number of social programs are available for Foundation students. You can get free admission to the theater or to the musical. And in England, everyone is very kind, smiling and suggesting the way on the street. That's what I really like here: people treat each other like human beings.
As part of the University of London, the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE for short) was founded in 1895 by Beatrice and Sidney Webb. Today it is one of the world's leading centers economic education And scientific research. The London School consistently ranks in the top three top universities UK, along with Oxford and Cambridge.
In addition to teaching, the School conducts a wide scientific work. There are 19 research centers here, and according to the results of the UK Research Assessment Exercise, the School ranks second among 200 universities and colleges in the UK.
The special pride of the school is its famous library - the British Library of Political and Economic Sciences, which has the most big collection books on economics. The library collection contains more than 5 million different publications.
Organizationally includes 21 departments (faculties), including economic theory, History of Economics, Accounting and Finance, Management, Anthropology.
7.5 thousand people study at the London School of Economics, 34% - British, 18% - from the EU, 48% - from other countries of the world. And in the fall of 2007, the number foreign students increased to 75%. A large number of foreign students is explained by the traditional exchange policy with various universities around the world. In Russia, the London School of Economics is implementing a joint program with the Moscow Institute of Economics and Finance with the support of the Higher School of Economics.
Entry requirements: secondary education (A-level, GCSE); UCAS form is accepted from September 1 to January 15; level of knowledge of English is not lower: IELTS - 6.5-7.0, TOEFL 603/627.
Tuition fee in 2006–2007 academic year on bachelor's programs: 11.5 thousand pounds; living expenses amount to at least 9 (12) thousand pounds for 9 (12) months of residence. There is also a one-year language training program for international students - English for Academic Purposes.
The rector is Sir Howard Davies. Teaching Staff- about 340 teachers. In addition, the college has an employment system in the desired specialty, but usually talented students are offered a job even before the official graduation from the School.
Faculties: Finance and Accounting; anthropology; economic history; economy; geography and environment; management; industrial relations; information systems; international history; international relations; the rights; mathematics; funds mass media and public relations; operational research; philosophy; logic and scientific method; public policy; social psychology; sociology; statistics. It is practiced to obtain two specialties at the same time.
In addition, since 1989, the LSE has been holding a summer three-week school in London and Beijing, more than 2.5 thousand people from 80 countries take part in it. It is intended for students, graduate students and young professionals in the fields of law, economics, accounting, business and international relations.
Among the graduates of the school, 28 former and current heads of state, 30 members of parliament studied or taught here. No less than 13 LSE graduates have become Nobel laureates, 5 of them in the field of economics (John Hicks, Arthur Lewis, John Mead, Alfred von Hayek and Ronald Coase).
History in facts:
05.10.2007 A group of scientists led by Professor Mike Murphy from the London School of Economics came to the conclusion that marriage is beneficial not only in personal terms, but also for the health of spouses and their children. Married people are much better fed, have better health, can count on more support from their families and, as a result, live much longer than the unmarried, divorced, widowed, and even living in a common-law marriage. Even children living with two parents are much healthier and usually receive a better education. Scientists made this dependence after monitoring the indicators of statistics on the health status of residents of the UK. Single mothers and widowed men are characterized by poor health - they have the largest number of acute and chronic diseases. When comparing the two groups of people, the mortality rate was lower in the one that included married men and married women. Professor Murphy explains this by saying that "marriages are more common in more prosperous countries than in poor and economically underdeveloped ones."
