Problematic issues of the "Society" block. Social science
A1. What is a global environmental problem?
risk of spread nuclear weapons
deterioration in people's health
overpopulation of a number of regions
extinction of many species of animals and plants
A2. Are the following judgments about the global problems of our time correct?
A. Today there is a threat to the survival of humanity as a biological species.
B. In order to survive, humanity must limit the growth of consumption.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both statements are correct
4) both judgments are wrong
(1) Downplaying the danger of a new world war in modern conditions is unjustified. (2) According to official data, there are about 70,000 nuclear weapons on Earth. (3) Calculations performed show that this arsenal is capable of completely destroying life on the planet. (4) We believe that an appeal to the world community with a call for disarmament is extremely necessary.
A) actual character
Option number 2
A1. At present, the Earth is undergoing a systematic increase in the area of deserts, a reduction in the area of forests, an increase in the number carbon dioxide and a decrease in oxygen, climate change caused by global warming. These are concrete manifestations of global problems.
raw materials and energy resources
demographic
establishing a just international economic order
environmental
B. Economic and political globalization are one of the characteristics of the modern world.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both statements are correct
4) both judgments are wrong
IN 1. Read the text below, each position of which is numbered.
(1) It is known that for the period from 4500 B.C. BC, i.e. since the emergence of ancient civilizations, there have been 14,530 wars. (2) If in the nineteenth century. 16 million people died in wars, then in the twentieth century. - more than 70 million. (3) The total explosive power of weapons is now about 18 billion tons in TNT equivalent, i.e. for each inhabitant of the planet, there are 3.6 tons, and if at least 1% of the reserves explode, then a “nuclear winter” will come, threatening the destruction of the entire biosphere. (4) Nevertheless, Russia's efforts in terms of disarmament do not find a proper response from the politicians of the most developed countries with nuclear weapons.
Determine which provisions of the text are worn
A) actual character
B) the nature of value judgments
“The problem of establishing a just economic order is linked to __________(1) world development. There are groups of countries on the planet that differ sharply in _____________ (2) socio-economic development and, accordingly, the level of __________ (3) population. On the one hand, this is a relatively small group of ___________ (4), on the other hand, big number states in which economic development is characterized by backwardness, and the quality of life of the population is low. The economy of __________ (5) is based on the extraction and export of raw materials. The backward and moderately developed countries make up the vast majority of the world's population - about five billion out of six. The general trend modern development, unfortunately, is such that __________ (6) between the “golden billion” and the rest of humanity is not decreasing, but increasing.”
The words in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word can only be used once. Choose sequentially one word after another, mentally filling in each gap. Note that there are more words in the list than you need to fill in the gaps.
A) developed countries
B) society
B) backward countries
D) unevenness
D) decision
E) level
G) welfare
H) gap
AND) social institution
IN 2. Read the text below with a number of words missing.
“The concept of “____________” (1) has become widespread since the late 1960s. So it is customary to call problems that are _____________ (2) in nature. They affect the interests of every nation and every person, their solution is possible only through the joint efforts of all people. From the direction in which their decision will be carried out, depends __________ (3) of humanity as a biological species. These problems also manifest ___________ (4) social and natural foundations of the life of society and the individual.
One group of problems is related to relations between states. Elimination of __________ (5) economic development, preservation of peace is both a solution to the problem of human health and the problem of the quality of development of natural resources. Stopping __________ (6) also prevents environmental pollution on a planetary scale.”
The words in the list are given in nominative case. Each word can only be used once. Choose sequentially one word after another, mentally filling in each gap. Note that there are more words in the list than you need to fill in the gaps.
A) survival
B) public
C) global problems
D) an arms race
D) unevenness
E) globalization
G) universal
H) dynamism
V examination work elements of two content lines "Society" and "Man" are combined into one block - module. A significant degree of theoretical generalization of the material gives this material a special complexity.
The list of verification elements in this substantive section: natural and social in man; worldview, its types and forms; types of knowledge; the concept of truth, its criteria; thinking and activity; needs and interests; freedom and necessity in human activity; systemic structure of society: elements and subsystems; the main institutions of society; the concept of culture, forms and varieties of culture; the science; main features of scientific thinking, natural and social sciences and humanities; education, its significance for the individual and society; religion; art; morality; the concept of social progress; multivariance community development(types of companies); threats of the 21st century (global problems).
According to Federal Institute pedagogical measurements, almost a third of graduates, both in 2009 and 2010, could not even basic level demonstrate knowledge of the material on the considered content line. Big trouble experienced by graduates when performing assignments on the topics “The systemic structure of society: elements and subsystems”, “Multivariance of social development (types of societies)”, etc. The data, as noted in the analytical report on USE results 2010 in social science testify to the lack of depth, integrity, and systemic knowledge about society among some of the graduates.
In this article, we will consider some of the most difficult questions for graduates of the content line "Society".
Traditionally, the question of the meaning of the concept of "society" is not an easy one for graduates. The concept of "society" is used in a broad sense as a part of the material (real) world that is isolated from nature, but closely related to it, including all ways of interaction between people and forms of their association. Two positions are key in this definition: society is part of real world; society is unthinkable without the interaction of people and groups that are in diverse relationships with each other. All ways of interaction and forms of unification of people ultimately form society. You should also keep in mind these values. this concept as a historical stage in the development of mankind; country, state; association of people for any purpose; a circle of people united by a common position, origin, interests.
Task examples
1. Society is
1) the material world as a whole
2) part of the material world, isolated from nature, but closely related to it
3) part of nature
4) part of the material world, isolated from nature and lost touch with it
Answer: 2
2. All types of ways of people's activities and forms of their joint life are covered by the concept
1) culture
2) society
3) nature
4) civilization
Answer: 2
3. Are the following judgments about society correct?
A. In the broadest sense, society is surrounding a person material world.
B. The concept of "society" in a broad sense and the concept of "nature" are equivalent.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both statements are correct
4) both judgments are wrong
Answer: 4
4. Are the following judgments about society correct?
A. Society is constantly evolving, which allows it to be characterized as a dynamic system.
B. Society in a broad sense is the whole world surrounding a person.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both statements are correct
4) both judgments are wrong
Answer: 1
5. The characteristics of society as a system include
1) immutability in time
2) ways of interaction and forms of interaction between people
3) part of nature
4) the material world as a whole
Answers: 2
6. Find in the list below the signs that characterize society as a dynamic system, and circle the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) the relationship of elements
2) immutability of elements
3) interaction of elements
4) development
5) isolation of elements and spheres
Answer: 134
7. Establish a correspondence between the meanings of the concept of "society" and examples of their use: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
B) in a narrow sense
The next “problematic” element of the content is “Spheres of Society Life”. It is necessary to know the areas and clearly distinguish between them - the success of completing tasks largely depends on the ability to identify the area public life by manifestations. It is economic, political, social and spiritual. In turn, in each of the spheres, certain types of activities, relations and institutions corresponding to them are formed. The spheres of public life are inextricably and mutually connected with each other. It is the interaction of spheres, institutions of public life in the process of activities of individuals and social groups that is the source of the development of society, gives it the qualities of a dynamic (developing) system.
Task examples
1. The concepts of "production growth", "inflation", "supply and demand ratio" characterize the sphere of society
1) economic
2) social
3) political
4) spiritual
Answer: 1
2. The concepts of "classes", "strata", "ethnic communities" characterize the sphere of society:
1) economic
2) social
3) political
4) spiritual
Answer: 2
To perform these simple tasks, it is enough to know what types of activities, relationships and institutions form this or that sphere of social life. The tasks related to the characteristics of the interaction of spheres are more difficult.
3. Are the following judgments about the interaction of spheres of public life correct?
A. In the context of the economic crisis, the president of the countries called early parliamentary elections. This is an example of the relationship between the economic and political spheres of public life.
B. The political party has developed and scientifically substantiated a program to overcome the decline in production. This is an example of the relationship between the economic, political and spiritual spheres of public life. This is an example of the relationship between the economic, political and spiritual spheres of public life.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both A and B are true
4) both judgments are wrong.
Answer: 3
4. Are the following judgments about the interaction of spheres of public life correct?
A. The parliamentary elections were won by the party that advocated the reduction of the tax burden. This is an example of the relationship between the political and economic spheres of society.
B. As a result of tax reforms, the pace increased. industrial development. This is an example of the relationship between economics and morality.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both A and B are true
4) both judgments are wrong.
Answer: 1
The next difficult content element is the topic “Traditional, industrial, post-industrial (information) society”. To successfully complete tasks, it is necessary to clearly understand the characteristics of a traditional, industrial and post-industrial society, learn to identify their manifestations, compare societies of different types, identifying similarities and differences.
Let's dwell on the most difficult tasks.
Task examples
1. Are the following judgments about the ways and forms of social development correct?
A. In the post-industrial society, the industrial revolution is being completed, mass industrial production is being formed.
B. In a post-industrial society, along with mass production, small-scale production occupies an increasingly strong position.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both statements are correct
4) both judgments are wrong
Answer: 2
2. Are the following judgments about the ways and forms of social development correct?
A. The values of personal freedom, individual responsibility, initiative are feature spiritual life of traditional society.
B. In a traditional society, there was no social mobility, the transition from one social group to another was impossible.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both statements are correct
4) both judgments are wrong
Answer: 2
3. Find the features of a post-industrial society in the list below and circle the numbers under which they are indicated
1) development of the service sector
2) the growth of the working class
3) lack of social stratification
4) use of information technology
5) globalization of economy and finance
6) a sharp rise in the birth rate
Answer: 145
Certain difficulties for the graduates were represented by the topic "Global problems of our time". When working out this material, it is advisable to clearly define the essence of the concept of "global problems": they are characterized by the fact that they manifest themselves on a global scale; jeopardize the survival of humanity as a biological species; can be solved by the efforts of all mankind. Next, you can fix the most important of the global problems ( ecological crisis, the problem of preventing a world war, the problem of the "North" and "South", etc.), identify their features and specify them using examples of public life. In addition, it is necessary to clearly understand the essence of the process of globalization.
Task examples
1. Are the following judgments about the global problems of our time correct?
A. All global problems are closely interconnected.
B. Economic and political globalization is one of the characteristics of the global world.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both A and B are true
4) both judgments are wrong
Answers: 3
2. Find in the list below the features that distinguish global problems from other problems of mankind:
1) require for their resolution the joint efforts of the states of the world
2) arose in the second half of the last century
3) reflect the contradiction between people's needs and opportunities
4) caused by shortage natural resources
5) are large-scale
6) give rise to social conflicts
Answer: 125
3. Establish a correspondence between examples of manifestation and characteristics of global problems: for each definition given in the first column, select the appropriate concept from the second column.
Answer:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | A | V | V | B |
1. Codifier of content elements and requirements for the level of graduate training educational institutions for the 2011 unified state exam in social science.
2. Analytical report on the results of the USE in 2010. Social science.
(http://www.fipi.ru/view/sections/138/docs/522.html)
Social science
1 option
Instructions for tasksA1 - A24.
A1. The study of social stratification modern society doing science:
1) political science;
2) anthropology;
3) sociology;
A2. Society in the broad sense of the word is called ...
1) the whole world around
2) groups in which communication takes place
3) interaction of people in everyday life;
4) a set of forms of association of people.
A3. Which of the signs is characteristic of a post-industrial society:
1) completion of the industrial revolution;
2) appropriating the type of holding;
3) development of electronic mass media;
3) evolution;
4) reform.
A5. Are the following judgments about global problems correct?
They call it global contemporary issues, which
1. pose a threat to all mankind.
2. can only be overcome by the joint efforts of all states and peoples.
1) only 1 is true;
2) only 2 is true;
3) 1 and 2 are correct;
4) both judgments are wrong.
A6. The widespread use of wooden construction in ancient Russia serves as an example of a relationship:
1) civilization and religion;
2) society and nature;
3) culture and politics;
4) religion and politics.
A7. A single representative of the human race, the bearer of his traits is defined by the concept:
1) individual;
2) individuality;
3) personality;
4) a citizen.
A8. A person as a person is characterized by ...
1) the presence of conditioned reflexes;
2) bright appearance;
3) feature of temperament;
4) creative activity
A9. Ideal needs - this is the need of the individual:
1) in respect from others;
2) in the constancy of living conditions;
3) in understanding the meaning of one's existence;
4) in professional self-improvement.
A10. Are the following judgments about human activity correct?
1. Interaction with the outside world is a characteristic of human activity.
2. Human activity has goals and motives.
1) only 1 is true;
2) only 2 is true;
3) 1 and 2 are correct;
4) both judgments are wrong.
A11. Read the text carefully, consider the situation and answer the question:
Sveta insisted that we go to a cafe, and I persuaded her to go to the park. We almost got into an argument. But I didn’t want to spoil relations with her, and after discussing it, we decided that today we were going to a cafe, and tomorrow to the park.
What is the name of the solution to this conflict?
1) confrontation;
3) compromise;
4) concession.
A12. Pre-scientific knowledge includes:
1) the theory of relativity;
2) the myth of the creation of man from clay;
3) the law of universal gravitation;
4) Ptolemy's hypothesis about the sphericity of the Earth
A13. Are the following statements about self-knowledge correct?
1. In order to know oneself, it is necessary to monitor the attitude towards oneself from others, their assessments of their actions.
2. To know yourself, you need to observe yourself and analyze your actions.
1) only 1 is true;
2) only 2 is true;
3) 1 and 2 are correct;
4) both judgments are wrong.
A14. The creation of cultural patterns that have no analogues in the past is called ...
1) creativity;
2) communication;
3) communication;
4) education.
A15. An example of NEGATIVE DEVIATIONAL behavior is:
1) indifference to others;
2) striving for success and popularity;
3) passion for computer games;
4) the use of any means to enter the institute.
A16. Political norms are reflected:
1) in value judgments of statesmen;
2) in the application of international sanctions;
3) in the traditional character of social behavior;
4) in the ethical preferences of the head of state.
A17. An ethnic group can be considered:
1) a group that exists in the system of division of labor;
2) the population living in one territory;
3) people with the same social status;
4) people who have a common origin and culture
A18. Family is:
2) an element of social production;
3) an element of social structure;
4) the basis of social mobility.
A19. Are the following statements about mass culture correct?
1. All phenomena of mass culture are characterized by an appeal to folk traditions.
2. Popular culture is characterized by the anonymity of most works.
1) only 1 is true;
2) only 2 is true;
3) 1 and 2 are correct;
4) both judgments are wrong.
A20. An example of horizontal social mobility is:
1) transfer of a student from one school to another;
2) demotion of an officer to the rank and file;
3) creation of a family;
4) admission to the university.
A21. The state budget is called ...
1) a list of all income and expenses planned by the state;
2) the sum of all revenues to the treasury from foreign trade activities;
3) the amount of expenses for the past year;
4) a report on the financial activities of a large state corporation.
A 23. What political regime has developed in the state of N., if elections are regularly held on an alternative basis, and the opposition has equal rights to propagate their views along with the ruling elite:
2) totalitarian;
3) democratic;
4) dictatorial.
A24. President Russian Federation a citizen of the Russian Federation no younger than ...
Part B
Instructions for completing tasks of the partB.
B1. Write down the end of the sentence in the answer form:
The head of state in the Russian Federation (according to the Constitution of the Russian Federation) is ...
B2. Determine the missing term (word) and write it in the answer sheet.
Instructions for completing task B3:
B3. The social qualities of a person are
1) the ability to procreate;
2) the ability to communicate using articulate speech;
3) the ability to transform the natural environment;
4) the ability to defend against enemies;
5) the ability to create new items that have no natural analogues.
Instructions for completing tasks B4 - B5:
B4. In accordance with the law of the Russian Federation "On Citizenship" (adopted on November 28, 1991), is a citizen of the Russian Federation a person (Kazakh by nationality) who previously lived in the Saratov region, who left for permanent residence in Kazakhstan in December 1996 and declared about renunciation of Russian citizenship?
B5. Freedom of conscience is guaranteed by law in the Russian Federation.
Instructions for completing task B6:
B6. For each public institution, indicate the area of public life:
Answers:
|
job number |
answer |
job number |
answer |
job number |
answer |
|
job number |
answer |
|
the president |
|
|
perception |
|
1. Are the following judgments about the global problems of our time correct?
A. All global problems are closely interconnected.
B. Economic and political globalization is one of the characteristics of the global world.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both A and B are true
4) both judgments are wrong
Answers: 3
2. Find in the list below the features that distinguish global problems from other problems of mankind:
1) require for their resolution the joint efforts of the states of the world
2) arose in the second half of the last century
3) reflect the contradiction between people's needs and opportunities
4) caused by lack of natural resources
5) are large-scale
6) give rise to social conflicts
Answer: 125
3. Establish a correspondence between examples of manifestation and characteristics of global problems: for each definition given in the first column, select the appropriate concept from the second column.
Answer:
| B | A | V | V | B |
Q6: Read the text below where a number of words are missing.
"Spiritual __________ (A) stood out at a certain stage of human development in a special field of activity. The products of this activity exist in _____________ (B) individuals. They are expressed in ______________ (V) form - language, religion, art styles, etc. Some elements of culture acquire the character of "eternal" values, determine ___________ (G) and the purpose of human life. For spiritual production, a material base is needed - schools, theaters, museums, publishing houses, mass media. In the sphere of spiritual production, there are a number of ________________ (D) such as the church, education, science, art, and individual professionals. Spiritual production products are ____________ (E) cultural experience of contemporaries and all previous generations.
List of terms:
1) social status;
2) synthesis;
3) sign-symbolic;
4) consciousness;
5) social institution;
6) production;
7) society;
8) meaning;
9) oral.
Answer:
| A | B | V | G | D | E |
B6: Read the text below with a number of words missing.
Choose from the proposed list of words that you want to insert in place of the gaps.
“Society is dynamic: both individuals and social groups are constantly changing their ________ (A). This phenomenon is called social _________. (B). Sociologists distinguish several types of it. Movements that do not change the social status of individuals and groups are called ________ (V) mobility. Examples are the transition from one age group to another, a change in job, and the relocation of people from one locality or country to another, i.e. ________ (G). ________ (D) mobility implies a qualitative change in the social position of a person. Examples are receiving or depriving title of nobility in a feudal society, a professional career in a modern one, and so on. Mobility channels are social ________ (E): family, school, property, church, army, etc.”
The words in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word (phrase) can only be used once. Choose sequentially one word after another, mentally filling in each gap. Note that there are more words in the list than you need to fill in the gaps.
List of terms:
1) migration;
2) mobility;
3) horizontal;
4) institute;
5) status;
6) vertical;
7) group;
8) stratification;
9) marginalization.
The table below lists the letters that indicate the omission of a word. Write in the table under each letter the number of the word you have chosen.
Answer:
| A | B | V | G | D | E |
Q5: Read the text below, each position of which is indicated by a specific letter.
(A) The next International Festival of Design, Decorative and Applied Arts and Folk Art Crafts took place in the capital. (B) This year it has received a topical focus and become more modern. (V) The level of presented works has increased significantly. (G) The gap that existed before between the "medal" projects and all the rest could not be considered acceptable.
1) actual character;
Answer:
| A | B | V | G |
B5: Read the text below, each position of which is indicated by a specific letter.
(A) More and more people in the world use mobile phones: they not only make or answer calls, but also correspond with SMS messages. (B) The habit of communicating using short, simple texts can lead to the fact that a person will forget how to talk heart to heart, delve into the intonations of the interlocutor and sympathize with him. (V) In a number of European countries, dozens of phone users have been diagnosed with SMS addiction. (G) Specialists of the department of bad habits of one of the clinics recorded that people suffering from this disease can write SMS messages for seven or more hours a day.
Determine what provisions of the text are:
1) actual character;
2) the nature of value judgments.
Write in the table under the letter denoting the position, the number expressing its nature.
Answer:
| A | B | V | G |
The foundations of the ability to draw up a plan are laid at the early stages of education in the lessons of the Russian language, literature, history. However, many students, as exams show, are weak in this skill. In other words, there is no transfer of skills formed while studying another subject. This transfer can be helped by updating knowledge about the types of plans. Particular attention should be paid to the features of a complex plan, to the content-logical connections of the subordination of its points and sub-points.
The necessary conditions for drawing up a plan on a topic are:
1) the correct designation of its boundaries (inclusion in a more general issue and isolation in it),
2) a fairly complete understanding of its various sides and aspects.
Consider these conditions on a specific topic "Labor Relations".
A series of questions will help clarify them, for example:
1) which one more general theme may enter this topic(for example: "Legal regulation of labor relations");
2) what place this topic occupies in a broader issue (what are the features of the legal regulation of labor relations between the employer and the employee);
3) what range of issues the topic covers (the concept of labor relations, the legal status of the employee and the employer, social partnership in the labor market, employment and employment).
The next step is the selection of positions corresponding to a single basis, and the alignment of formulations in their logical subordination. As a result, the complex plan of this topic may take the following form.
Savka N.V. A 4. Are the following judgments about the ways and forms of social development correct? A. In a traditional society, law as a regulator of social relations has not yet developed; its place was occupied by unwritten traditions and customs. B. In the post-industrial society, the industrial revolution is being completed, mass production is being formed. 1) only A is correct 2) only B is correct 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect A 5. Are the following judgments about the process of globalization correct? A. All global processes are the result of strengthening international contacts. B. The development of mass communication makes modern world holistic. 1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect A 6. Are the following judgments about social progress true? A. Modern views about social progress confirm its inconsistency. B. The concepts of "progress" and "regression" are conditional. 1) only A is correct 2) only B is correct 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect A 7. Are the following judgments about the global problems of mankind correct? A. Today there is a real threat to the survival of humanity as a biological species. B. In order to survive, humanity must seriously take care of the preservation environment. 1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect. Savka N.V.
slide 3 from the presentation "USE "Society"". The size of the archive with the presentation is 395 KB.Social science grade 11
summary other presentations"Politics Test" - Judgments about a political party. A word missing from the schema. Functions of a political party. Solve the problem. The concept of "power". Species features of the concept. Confession. Elections. Which of the following is related to the concept of "power". Electoral system. Society development programs. The electoral system of France. Persistent distrust of authority. A significant number of votes. A state characterized by a unified system of higher state bodies.
"The main types of professions" - Sociology students. Main tasks. Economist. Future profession. Professional Compliance Check. Classification of professions. Requirements for personal qualities. Requirement for personal qualities. The content of labor. The structure of the professiogram. Competitiveness. Epigraphs. Career growth. Requirement for personal qualities. Requirements. Pros of the profession. Education requirements. The start of a coaching career.
"TyumGNGU" - RUSSIAN LANGUAGE; MATHEMATICS; PHYSICS - at the expense of the university; NGOU SPO Business College "Leader", Nakhodka. Reception of documents: from May 15 to August 15. Represents the interests of the Tyumen State oil and gas university on the Far East. Obtaining a state diploma. Entry rules. DYNAMICS OF THE GEOGRAPHY OF THE CDO CONTENTING as of 01.12.11 An applicant is not required to be present at enrollment.
"The concept of the political system of society" - Institute of Deputy Request. Political system Russian state. political institutions. Structure of the Constitution. Functions of the President. The principle of separation of powers. Council of the Federation. Institute authorized representatives. An extensive collection of various political institutions. Political system. Constitution. The political system of society. The State Duma. Elections. People.
"Political consciousness of society" - Mentally processes. Political psychology is formed in the process of interaction between citizens. Ordinary level. Plan. Modern political ideologies. Functions of political consciousness. Types of political consciousness. Functions of political ideology. political consciousness. Political psychology. Political consciousness and political behavior. Socio-political theories that substantiate values and ideals.
"Profession of a social worker" - What qualities should a social worker have. Volunteers in social work. Profession. August Comte. Worker. History of sociology. Social worker. Moral. Life is Beautiful. Speciality.
