What military rank does rear admiral correspond to. Rear admirals of the Russian fleet, rank history

12.08.2020

Rear Admiral Senior rank:
Vice Admiral

The history of military rank insignia in Russia

Samples of insignia rear admiral and equivalent in the Russian Imperial Navy

Chin	Russian imperial fleet
sleeve badge shoulder strap epaulet
The code 14 Class according to the Table of Ranks IV	… sleeve sign (1917)	rear admiral "His retinues Imperial Majesty" (1904-1917)	rear admiral (1904-1917)	mechanical engineer rear admiral (1913-1917)	Major General mechanical engineer (1905-1913)	Major General by Admiralty (1904-1917)	Major General nautical artillery (1904-1917)	Major General naval navigators (1904-1917)	Gene.- major KIMSCH (1837-1891)	Gene.- major CCIF (1907-1917)

Samples of insignia rear admiral (OF-6) in the USSR and Russian Federation and

Chin	Soviet Navy				Navy of the Russian Federation
sleeved sign shoulder strap
	Patch "Commander brigades of ships (1918-1935)	Patch "Rear Admiral" (1935-1991)	shoulder strap to the tunic (1943-1955)	... front (1955-1991)	... front (1994-2010)	... front for a white shirt (1994-2010)	… daily (1994-2010)	... front (since 2010)

In the US Navy

In the US Navy, the rank of rear admiral is divided into two levels: Rear Admiral Lower Half (junior rear admiral, corresponds to the English rank of Commodore and the land rank of brigadier general) and Rear Admiral Upper Half (senior rear admiral, corresponds to the English rank of Rear Admiral and the land rank of "major general").

Write a review on the article "Rear Admiral"

An excerpt characterizing Rear Admiral

Andre, don't! - said Princess Mary.
But he frowned at her angrily and at the same time with pain and bent down to the child with a glass. “Well, I want it,” he said. - Well, I beg you, give it to him.
Princess Marya shrugged her shoulders, but dutifully took a glass and, calling the nanny, began to give medicine. The child screamed and wheezed. Prince Andrei, grimacing, holding his head, left the room and sat down in the next room, on the sofa.
The letters were all in his hand. He mechanically opened them and began to read. The old prince, on blue paper, in his large, oblong handwriting, using titles in some places, wrote the following:
“I received very joyful news at this moment through a courier, if not a lie. Benigsen near Eylau allegedly won a complete victory over Bonaparte. In St. Petersburg everyone rejoices, e awards are sent to the army to bear the end. Although the German - congratulations. The chief of Korchevsky, a certain Khandrikov, I can’t comprehend what he is doing: additional people and provisions have not yet been delivered. Now jump there and say that I will take off his head so that everything will be in a week. I also received a letter from Petinka about the Battle of Eylau, he participated, - everything is true. When they do not interfere with anyone who should not interfere, then the German beat Buonapartia. They say he runs very upset. Look, immediately jump to Korcheva and fulfill it!
Prince Andrei sighed and opened another envelope. It was a small letter written on two sheets of paper from Bilibin. He folded it without reading it and again read his father's letter, ending with the words: "jump to Korcheva and fulfill it!" “No, excuse me, now I won’t go until the child recovers,” he thought, and, going to the door, looked into the nursery. Princess Mary was still standing by the bed, quietly rocking the baby.
“Yes, what else is he writing unpleasant? Prince Andrei recalled the content of his father's letter. Yes. Ours won a victory over Bonaparte precisely when I was not serving ... Yes, yes, everything is making fun of me ... well, yes, good luck ... ”and he began to read Bilibin’s French letter. He read without understanding half of it, read only in order to stop thinking for a minute about what he had been thinking exclusively and painfully about for too long.

Bilibin was now in the capacity of a diplomatic official at the main headquarters of the army, and although French, with French jokes and turns of speech, but with exceptionally Russian fearlessness before self-condemnation and self-mockery, described the entire campaign. Bilibin wrote that his diplomatic discretion [modesty] tormented him, and that he was happy having a faithful correspondent in Prince Andrei, to whom he could pour out all the bile that had accumulated in him at the sight of what was happening in the army. This letter was old, even before the Battle of Eylau.
"Depuis nos grands succes d" Austerlitz vous savez, mon cher Prince, Bilibin wrote, que je ne quitte plus les quartiers generaux. Decidement j "ai pris le gout de la guerre, et bien m" en a pris. Ce que j " ai vu ces trois mois, est incroyable.
“Je commence ab ovo. L "ennemi du genre humain, comme vous savez, s" attaque aux Prussiens. Les Prussiens sont nos fideles allies, qui ne nous ont trompes que trois fois depuis trois ans. Nous prenons fait et cause pour eux. Mais il se trouve que l "ennemi du genre humain ne fait nulle attention a nos beaux discours, et avec sa maniere impolie et sauvage se jette sur les Prussiens sans leur donner le temps de finir la parade commencee, en deux tours de main les rosse a plate couture et va s "installer au palais de Potsdam.
"J" ai le plus vif desir, ecrit le Roi de Prusse a Bonaparte, que VM soit accueillie et traitee dans mon palais d "une maniere, qui lui soit agreable et c" est avec empres sement, que j "ai pris a cet effet toutes les mesures que les circonstances me permettaient. Puisse je avoir reussi! Les generaux Prussiens se piquent de politesse envers les Francais et mettent bas les armes aux premieres sommations.
“Le chef de la garienison de Glogau avec dix mille hommes, demande au Roi de Prusse, ce qu" il doit faire s "il est somme de se rendre?… Tout cela est positif.
“Bref, esperant en imposer seulement par notre attitude militaire, il se trouve que nous voila en guerre pour tout de bon, et ce qui plus est, en guerre sur nos frontieres avec et pour le Roi de Prusse. Tout est au grand complet, il ne nous manque qu "une petite chose, c" est le general en chef. Comme il s "est trouve que les succes d" Austerlitz aurant pu etre plus decisifs si le general en chef eut ete moins jeune, on fait la revue des octogenaires et entre Prosorofsky et Kamensky, on donne la preference au derienier. Le general nous arrive en kibik a la maniere Souvoroff, et est accueilli avec des acclamations de joie et de triomphe.
"Le 4 arrive le premier courrier de Petersbourg. On apporte les malles dans le cabinet du Marieechal, qui aime a faire tout par lui meme. On m "appelle pour aider a faire le triage des lettres et prendre celles qui nous sont destinees. Le Marieechal nous regarde faire et attend les paquets qui lui sont adresses. Nous cherchons - il n" y en a point. Le Marieechal devient impatient, se met lui meme a la besogne et trouve des lettres de l "Empereur pour le comte T., pour le prince V. et autres. Alors le voila qui se met dans une de ses coleres bleues. Il jette feu et flamme contre tout le monde, s "empare des lettres, les decachete et lit celles de l" Empereur adressees ad "autres. Oh, that's what they do to me! I have no confidence! Ah, I was ordered to follow, it's good; get out! Et il ecrit le fameux ordre du jour au general Benigsen

Shipborne ranks in the navy are used in the Russian Navy and are assigned to sailors as far as they are able to take responsibility for the command of one or another military unit. They are also assigned to the military of the coast guard of the border troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, underwater and surface units of the Navy and naval units of the troops.

Almost all naval ranks are different from the missile and ground forces, the airborne forces and the armed forces. From 1884 to 1991, they changed due to a number of events:

the collapse of the Russian Empire in 1917;
the creation of the Soviet Union and its subsequent collapse 1922-1991;
creation of the Russian Federation in 1991

Modern ranks in the navy divided into 4 categories:

1. Conscripts for urgent and contract service. This includes: a sailor, a senior sailor, a foreman of the second article, a foreman of the first article and a chief ship foreman. The senior midshipman and the senior midshipman are also included in the senior staff.

2. Junior officers of the fleet. These are: junior lieutenant, lieutenant, senior lieutenant and lieutenant commander.

3. Senior officers of the Navy. Ranks are divided: captains of the third, second and first rank.

4. The highest officers. Consists of: Rear Admiral, Vice Admiral, Admiral and Admiral of the Fleet.

Detailed description of ship ranks in ascending order

Sailor- junior rank in the navy, which corresponds to the land private. These are conscripts.

Senior sailor- a parallel to the army rank of corporal, which is assigned to a sailor for observing discipline and exemplary performance of duties. May be an assistant to the foreman and replace the foreman of the second article.

Senior staff

Sergeant major of the second article- junior rank in the senior staff, which was introduced on November 2, 1940. It is located in rank above the senior sailor and below the foreman of the first article. May be a squad leader.

Petty officer of the first article- a sailor of the fleet, who is located in rank above the foreman of the second article, but below the chief foreman. The second, as it grows in the list of senior officers, was introduced on November 2, 1940. This is the squad leader, who showed excellent results in the performance of military and organizational duties.

Chief ship sergeant major- military rank in the Navy of the Russian Federation and the Coast Guard. He occupies a place between the foreman of the first article and the midshipman of the fleet. The naval rank of chief ship foreman corresponds to the army senior sergeant. Can replace the platoon leader.

Midshipman- a word of English origin, which is assigned to a sailor after passing the relevant training programs and courses. On land, this is an ensign. Performs organizational and combat duties as a platoon commander or company foreman.

Senior midshipman- a military rank in the Navy of the Russian Federation, which is higher in rank than midshipman, but lower than junior lieutenant. Similarly, a senior warrant officer in other branches of the military.

junior officers

Rank junior lieutenant comes from French and translates as "deputy". He occupies the first step in the junior officers, both in the ground and naval forces. May be a post or platoon leader.

Lieutenant- the second among ranks in the navy, in rank above junior lieutenant and below senior lieutenant. Assigned upon expiration of service with the rank of junior lieutenant.

Senior Lieutenant- the naval rank of junior officers in Russia, which is higher in rank than lieutenant, and lower than lieutenant commander. With excellent performance in the service, he can be an assistant to the captain of the ship.

Lieutenant Commander- the highest rank of junior officers, which in the Russian Federation and Germany corresponds to the captain of the army of the ground forces. A sailor with this rank is considered the deputy captain of the ship and the commander of a company of hundreds of subordinates.

Senior officers

Captain 3rd rank- Corresponds to an army major. The abbreviated name of the shoulder strap is "captri". Among the duties is command of a ship of the corresponding rank. These are small military vessels: landing, anti-submarine, torpedo and minesweepers.

Captain of the second rank, or "kapdva" - the rank of a sailor in the Navy, which corresponds to a lieutenant colonel in land ranks. This is the commander of a ship of the same rank: large landing, missile and destroyers.

Captain of the first rank, or "kapraz", "kapturang" - a military rank in the Russian Navy, which is higher in rank than a captain of the second rank and lower than a rear admiral. May 7, 1940 exists among ranks in the navy, decided by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. "Kapturang" commands ships with complex controls and a huge military power: aircraft carriers, nuclear submarines and cruisers.

Senior officer corps

rear admiral can command a squadron of ships and replace the commander of a flotilla. Adopted since 1940 and since that time corresponds to the major general of the ground forces and aviation.

Vice Admiral- the rank of sailors in Russia, which allows you to replace the admiral. Corresponds to the lieutenant general of the ground forces. Manages fleet operations.

Admiral from the Dutch language it is translated as "lord of the sea", therefore it is in the highest officer corps. Army employees correspond to the rank of colonel-general. Operates an active fleet.

Fleet Admiral- the highest active rank, as well as in other types of troops, army general. Manages the fleet and is assigned to active admirals with excellent combat, organizational and strategic performance.

What types of troops are assigned naval ranks?

The Navy of the Russian Federation (Russian Navy) also includes the following units:

marines;
coast guard;
naval aviation.

The Marine Corps is a unit that carries out the defense of military installations, sections of the coast and other sea lines. As part of the "marines" there are sabotage and reconnaissance groups. Marine Corps motto: "Where we are, there is victory."

The Coast Guard is a branch of the military that defends the bases of the Russian fleets and special objects of the coastal zone. They have at their disposal anti-aircraft, torpedo, mine weapons, as well as missile systems and other artillery.

Naval aviation - troops whose duties include the detection and destruction of the enemy, the defense of ships and other elements from enemy forces, the destruction of enemy aircraft, helicopters and other air structures. The aviation of the Russian Federation also carries out air transportation and rescue operations on the high seas.

How and for what is the next rank awarded to sailors?

Assignment next rank described in the current laws of the Russian Federation:

for a senior sailor, it is necessary to serve 5 months;
receiving a foreman of the 2nd article can be expected after a year of service;
three years for senior sergeant and chief ship foreman;
three years to receive a midshipman;
2 years for junior lieutenant;
3 to receive a lieutenant and a senior lieutenant;
4 years to get a lieutenant commander and a captain of the 3rd rank.
5 years to captain 2nd and 1st rank;
for senior officers for at least a year at the same rank.

It is also worth knowing that military ranks in the navy can be assigned if the due date has not yet passed, but the military man has shown his organizational, tactical and strategic abilities. The sailor who does not want to become an admiral is bad, all the more so, it is possible. There are many examples of ambitious, ambitious sailors who became admirals.

Most modern Russian military ranks appeared in the 18th century, with the formation of the first army on a regular basis. The main part of the merits for the creation of a single army and the emergence of a strict hierarchy of military ranks belongs to the great reformer - Emperor Peter I.

Rear Admiral - this title is firmly connected with the history of the formation and development of the Russian. How it appeared, what duties the person wearing this military rank performed - this will be discussed in our article.

The history of the title

Traditionally, in Russia, the fleet did not have a single leadership and was subordinate to two different departments. The fleet was first led by the Admiralty Board (XVIII century), and in the XIX century by the Naval Ministry. The Russian fleet had its own, different from other countries, system of military ranks.

In European countries, the highest in the fleet appeared in the 17th century, and in Russia a century later. These were: the admiral, who controlled the main forces of the fleet, the vice admiral, who occupied a lower level in the military hierarchy, and the rear admiral, the lowest rank in the leadership of the fleet. He usually commanded the rearguard.

These ranks have replaced the obsolete navarch (commander of the fleet in Ancient Greece) and drungaria (head of the imperial Byzantine fleet).

and Table of Ranks

The title "rear admiral" came from Holland. Peter I, visiting Amsterdam, not only learned to build ships, but also adopted the European military system. The prefix contra meant that in battle the admiral was at the head of the fleet, and the rear admiral occupied a position in the rearguard.

Some time in the 18th century, this title was replaced by the rank of schautbenacht, but then it was returned again.

In Russia, according to the Table of Ranks created by Peter the Great, the rank of Rear Admiral corresponded to Major General in the ground forces. Today, this primary admiral rank continues to exist in most armies of the world.

Now in the Navy, a rear admiral can command a squadron or be deputy commander of a flotilla.

In the USSR, the rank of Rear Admiral was established in 1940.

Decals

The main insignia of admirals for a long time was the number of buttons on the cuffs of the uniform.

The rear admiral wore one button each, and then everything went on increasing: the vice admiral had two, and the admiral three.

As an ornament, and at the same time as insignia, there were also strips of braid of different colors that ran diagonally across the uniform. Gold embroidery on the cuffs and collar also served to distinguish the ranks of naval officers.

Then, in 1807, epaulettes with gold and silver twisted cords were introduced as insignia.

After the revolution and during the years civil war insignia and uniforms for both the ground forces and the navy have changed several times. Sleeve flaps with stripes and galloons were used.

Modern insignia - shoulder straps - appear during the war, in 1943. At the same time, the word "officer" is also introduced.

Notable Rear Admirals of Russia

An outstanding Russian naval commander was Vladimir Ivanovich Istomin.

In the years Crimean War distinguished himself in being under the command of the famous Admiral Nakhimov. For courage he received the rank of Rear Admiral. Together with Kornilov and Nakhimov, he was one of the leaders of the heavy defense of Sevastopol. During the defense of the city, he did not leave defensive positions and lived there, in a dugout. Killed during an artillery attack and buried in the same crypt with others heroic defenders cities.

The name of another brilliant Rear Admiral, Mikhail Nikolaevich Kumani, is associated with Sevastopol. In the rank of lieutenant he participated in the Crimean War. Served in the Baltic, Caspian Sea and pacific ocean. He received the rank of rear admiral and was soon appointed mayor of his native city of Sevastopol. In this post, Kumani, in a short time before his death, was able to do a lot: Primorsky Boulevard was completed, a yacht club was founded, a shelter for the disabled was opened, the Cathedral of St. Peter and Paul, which was badly damaged during the defense, was rebuilt, the city newspaper began to be published.

Women in the Navy

The weaker sex has long been actively involved in wars. In modern armies, female soldiers are a completely commonplace. But it should be noted that they rarely occupy high positions. Therefore, the example of the American Grace Hopper, who rose to the rank of Rear Admiral of the US Navy, is so famous.

In addition, she was an eminent scholar in the field of programming language development. She retired at the age of 79 and was at that time the oldest US naval officer.

A large number of different objects are named in her honor. The street, park, buildings bear the name. 4 years after she left this world, a new missile frigate "Hopper", named after "amazing Grace", was launched into the water. The example of this amazing woman shows that not only men can successfully serve in the Navy and achieve a high rank and respect.

(in order from sailor to high command) for the most part date back to those that appeared during the USSR period.

A bit of history - naval ranks and a table of ranks

As is known, in recent years the reign of Peter I, the table of ranks was put into effect. It was a table where the positions of civil and military service were divided into fourteen ranks. However, naval ranks were not included in every row of the table.

XIV rank among naval ranks was received by a midshipman, corresponding to a collegiate registrar, ensign, cornet and artillery bayonet junker. At the beginning of the reign of Paul I, the rank of midshipman began to refer to the XII rank. This rank also included the rank of non-commissioned lieutenant that existed until 1732.

The naval lieutenant belonged to the X rank until 1884, after which the midshipman was promoted to this rank. The rank of lieutenant, in turn, began to refer to the IX rank.

People who managed to reach the VIII rank in the fleet of the Russian Empire acquired the right to personal nobility. These positions included captains of the first three ranks and a senior lieutenant who appeared in the fleet shortly before the First World War. The fifth rank included the rank of captain-commander, which was finally abolished in 1827. Among the famous bearers of this title was the pioneer Vitus Bering.

Achievement in the service of the IV rank opened the door to hereditary nobles in front of a person. In the navy, people who reached the fourth and higher ranks commanded naval formations: rear admiral, vice admiral, admiral and admiral general.

This also included the rank of Shoutbenakht, which did not take root on Russian soil, and was replaced by Rear Admiral. It is noteworthy that this naval rank was used as a pseudonym by the first Russian emperor himself - “Shoutbenacht Pyotr Mikhailov”. To the III rank belonged the general-krieg commissar of the fleet, whose duties included the financial support of the naval forces. The title was abolished in 1817. The highest rank of Admiral General in the history of the Russian Empire was received by six people. Three of them were representatives of the imperial family.

Although the table of ranks ceased to operate after the creation of the USSR, many ranks reappeared in the fleet. Soviet Union and later the Russian Federation.

Main categories of naval ranks

According to their composition, the employees of the navy can be divided into the following groups:

Call and contract composition.
junior officers.
senior officers.
senior officers.

Citizens of Russia serving in the navy for military service receive the rank of sailor. It roughly corresponds to a private in the ground forces. Sailors appeared in the fleet of the Soviet Union in 1946. Prior to this, the lowest military rank of the naval forces was called "Red Navy".

Next comes the title of "senior sailor", which corresponds to the "corporal" of the ground forces. The senior sailor commands the group or serves as assistant to the foreman. The rank of senior sailor can be obtained by employees who observe discipline and their duties well.

The four following ranks correspond to the sergeant ranks of the ground forces:

Foreman of the first article.
Sergeant major of the second article.
Chief foreman.
Chief ship sergeant major.

Following the foremen are "midshipman" and "senior midshipman". These naval ranks correspond to the ranks of warrant officer and senior warrant officer.

The modern division of naval ranks dates back to the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, issued in 1943. He approved the division of officers into junior, senior and higher. The decree included the ranks for each group that have survived to the present day.

The junior officers of the fleet of our country are called: junior lieutenant, lieutenant, senior lieutenant and lieutenant commander. A junior lieutenant can lead a combat post. More senior representatives of this category of officers may be assistant commanders of a ship of the fourth rank or even command such a ship.

Senior officers include captains of the first, second and third ranks. They can also be called captri, kavtorang and kaperang. These officers may be in command of military vessels of the appropriate rank.

In the modern Russian fleet, the rank warship is determined on the basis of the complexity of management, the number of personnel and combat power. The first rank includes cruisers, nuclear submarines and aircraft carriers. The second rank includes large landing ships, destroyers, large missile ships.

The third rank includes small missile and anti-submarine ships, medium landing ships, and minesweepers. The fourth rank includes small landing craft, torpedo boats.

The highest officer ranks of the fleet of our country were first established in 1940 by a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council. This is our familiar system:

In the ground forces, these ranks correspond (in ascending order) to major general, lieutenant general, colonel general and army general. A rear admiral may lead a squadron or serve as an assistant flotilla commander. A vice admiral may command a flotilla or operational squadron and also serves as Deputy Fleet Commander. An admiral is at the head of a separate fleet. V modern Russia one Admiral of the Fleet who is Commander-in-Chief maritime forces our country.

The title "Admiral of the Fleet" was introduced in the Soviet Union in 1940. It corresponded to "general of the army." None of the naval commanders of the country of the Soviets received it at that moment. In fact, the highest rank was admiral.

In 1944, two naval commanders received it. The first was Nikolai Kuznetsov, who at that moment held the post of People's Commissar of the Fleet. He was a member of the Headquarters of the Supreme Commander, and Nikolai Kuznetsov's actions to command the country's fleet were successful. In 1945, the title of "Admiral of the Fleet" was given to Ivan Isakov, who led the main naval headquarters during the war years until he was wounded.

In 1955, an additional decree was issued that corrected the highest naval ranks of the country of the Soviets. To the title of "Admiral of the Fleet" was added "Soviet Union". The holders of this rank were entitled to wear the "Marshal Star" - a distinction introduced in 1940.

This highest naval rank was abolished in 1993, because the country that was mentioned in its name no longer existed. The highest rank of naval officers became again "Admiral of the Fleet".

Introduced in 1955, the rank was personal. In the history of the Soviet state, only three people received the title of "Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union." Immediately after the introduction of a new military rank, it was received by N.G. Kuznetsov and I.S. Isakov. A year later, Kuznetsov fell into disgrace and lost highest rank. He was returned to the naval commander posthumously during the years of Perestroika. In 1967, the highest naval rank was awarded to Sergei Gorshkov, who went through the war with the rank of rear admiral and led the construction and rearmament of the fleet in the post-war years.

The rank of Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union corresponded in the 1960s-1990s to the rank of Marshal of the USSR. In turn, the "Admiral of the Fleet" who was below the rank corresponded to the general of the army and the marshal of the armed forces.

The commander-in-chief of the naval forces of our country can carry the rank of admiral or admiral of the fleet. Thus, the first naval officer to hold this position in post-Soviet Russia, Felix Gromov, became commander-in-chief in 1992, being an admiral. He received the rank of Admiral of the Fleet four years later, shortly before his retirement.

The next commanders-in-chief (Vladimir Kuroyedov and Vladimir Masorin) took this post as admirals, and after that received more high rank. Vladimir Vysotsky and Vladimir Chirkov were commanders-in-chief, remaining in the rank of admiral. Also, the current commander-in-chief Vladimir Korolev retains the rank of admiral, received in 2013.

The chiefs of the Main Staff of the Fleet, who were the first deputies of the commander in chief, as a rule, bore the rank of vice admiral or admiral. Andrei Volozhinsky, who began serving in this post in 2016, retains the rank of vice admiral.

The navy of modern Russia became the successor to the navy. Most of the senior naval officers began their service in the Soviet fleet. For this reason, the ranks in the navy in modern Russia (in order from sailor to admiral) have not undergone fundamental changes compared to the Soviet period.

About three hundred years ago, Perth I, after visiting Holland, creates and structures the navy Russian Empire. The chaotically scattered ship vanguards were gathered into one. The question arose about the appearance of ranks for the newly minted military, who would be called upon to command the fleet. Who was the admiral in Russia then no one knew yet, but it was this rank that was included in the "Table of Ranks" in 1722. The title denoted the senior leadership of the Navy.

Ranks in the Russian Navy

Before reaching the rank of admiral of the fleet, a cadet of a higher military school must go from the rank of junior lieutenant to the rank of senior officer corps:

Ranks of officers of the Russian Navy

Junior officer corps
ml. lieutenant	Lieutenant	Art. lieutenant		Lieutenant Commander
Starting with a junior lieutenant, after the expiration of the allotted period of service, an officer can be certified and receive the rank of lieutenant. Next comes the rank of senior lieutenant, which corresponds to the captain of the ground forces. Closes the corps of junior officers - Lieutenant Commander. He, in fact, is the deputy captain.
senior officer corps
Captain 3rd rank	Captain 2nd rank	Captain 1st rank
If we draw an analogy with officers ground forces, then the captain of the third rank corresponds (on the ship he is abbreviated as "captri") to the major, the captain of the second rank ("kavtorang") to the lieutenant colonel, and the captain of the first rank ("kaperang") - to the colonel.
senior officers
rear admiral	Vice Admiral		Fleet Admiral
The rear admiral is the deputy vice admiral or admiral and, if necessary, has the right to lead the squadron. The vice admiral commands one squadron, and the admiral leads the main squadron. Ends the list - front admiral, which is the main figure in the fleet.

Admiral: Who is this?

Admiral (from Arabic - lord of the seas) leads the command of the flotilla entrusted to him.

The most curious story is connected with the rank of admiral, the peak of which fell on the 40s of the last century:

September 1941. The rank of admiral is identical to the general of the army of the ground forces.
February 1944. After a number of successful naval battles, Stalin decides to promote two admirals in the rank: N.G. Kuznetsova and I.S. Isakov. However, in the "Table of Ranks" of the navy, there is simply no rank higher than the admiral. Appeared fleet admiral, which in its status corresponded to the Marshal of the USSR.
March 1955. Before the collapse of the USSR, the position begins to be called " Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union", and changes four stars on shoulder straps big star Marshal.
February 1997. The last version of the "Table of Ranks" appears: the admiral leads the fleet directly on the battlefield, fleet admiral- sits in general staff Russian Navy.

How are the duties of admirals divided during hostilities or combat exercises:

Rear Admiral. He is in command of one of the divisions of the squadron. With the death of the vice-admiral, he becomes the head of the entire squadron.
Vice Admiral. They lead one squadron, which consists of three divisions: the vanguard (advanced forces standing in front), the corps de batalia (the middle part of the squadron, which supports the vanguard with fire), the rearguard (the rear, capable of holding the opponent when reorganizing the first two divisions).
Admiral. Leads a flotilla, which consists of several main squadrons.
Fleet Admiral. He sits on the General Staff, and always has the last word.

Admiral insignia

Since the advent of the position in 1722, the signs of distinction among admirals have changed with unprecedented frequency:

1722-1807. The admiral is distinguished by the number of buttons placed on the cuffs of the uniform: rear admiral one, vice admiral two, etc.
Epaulets are introduced. They had silver and gold hues.
The usual shoulder straps appear: a rectangular shape of a golden hue instead of stars had the coats of arms of the Russian Empire on it.
The rights of the military are equalized, and all ranks are canceled for several years.
Shoulder straps are created that have come down to our times: starting with one gold star at the rear admiral and ending with four at fleet admiral.

Five most famous domestic admirals

Fedor Apraksin. He stood at the origins of the formation of the navy, participated in the "Northern War" with Sweden. Under Apraksin, the first victory of the Russian fleet was won. The chief adviser of the Great Peter on military affairs.
Ferdinand Wrangel. He was known for his expeditions north coast Russian Empire, made four trips around the world.
Pavel Nakhimov. Active participant in the Crimean War against Turkey.
Fedor Ushakov. Great analyst and strategist. For a long time he commanded the Black Sea Fleet.
Alexander Kolchak. Member of the Russo-Japanese War, where he especially showed himself in the defense of Port Arthur.

What does an admiral butterfly look like? Photo

Habitat of the butterfly of the Nymphalidae family Admiral - Europe and northwest Asia. It got its name because on the black and gray wings there is a red line that resembles the lower part of the uniform of a military admiral with wide stripes.

Consider what a butterfly looks like and talk about the features of this species:

Wings. The wingspan of six centimeters allows the butterfly to overcome great distances.
Nutrition. Caterpillar - exclusively nettle, hops and thistles. After turning into a butterfly, it feeds on pollen from flowers and tree sap.
Reproduction. During breeding, the admiral flies to countries with a warm climate. One egg is placed on each leaf of the plant. After the appearance of the caterpillar, a house is made from the sheet in the form of a rolled tube.
Life span. The life span of this insect is small and is only 6-7 months.
Habitat. Forest edges and fields. The butterfly is diurnal.

Knowing who an admiral is, one can compare this title with the ranks of the navy of other countries of the world. For example, in the United States, women were appointed rear admirals back in the last century, and more recently, a representative of the weaker sex, in the person of Michelle Howard, became a full-fledged admiral.

Video about admirals

In this video, historian Pyotr Nakhimov will talk about twice Admiral of the Soviet Union Nikolai Kuznetsov: