Vice Admiral Sokolov. "A Russian sailor always knows how to ask the right question" (c) (1 photo)

Celebrations dedicated to the 315th anniversary of the formation of the Naval Institute (Naval Corps of Peter the Great) began in St. Petersburg. The day before, a solemn meeting and a festive concert took place within the walls of the oldest military educational institution in Russia, in which Vice Admiral Andrei Volozhinsky, Chief of the Main Staff of the Navy, took part.

Today, January 25, on the day significant event, the leadership and cadets of the school will be given a special honor - the opportunity to fire a midday shot from a gun installed on the Naryshkin bastion of the Peter and Paul Fortress. Also, cadets of the Naval Corps will lay flowers and wreaths at the burial place of its founder Peter the Great in the Peter and Paul Cathedral, which is the burial place of the Russian Imperial House.

The Naval Institute, like all naval education in Russia, originates from the School of Mathematical and Navigational Sciences (Navigation School), founded by the Decree of Peter I on January 14 (January 25), 1701. and originally located in Moscow, in the Sukharev (Sretenskaya) tower. The navigational school became the first higher secular educational institution in Russia, in fact a university, but with only one “faculty” (specialization), and graduating its pupils without the traditional dissertation defense. The navigation school was designed for 200 students and trained specialists not only for the navy, but also for the army, as well as for civilians. public service. The term of study, depending on the abilities and training of students, ranged from 4 to 13 years.

School graduates, "navigators", received the right to be promoted to naval officers, but only after a long voyage on ships and successful delivery exam. The first release of navigators took place in 1705. In 1711, 500 students aged 15 to 33 were studying at the school. Peter I himself took part in the examination of candidates for officers.

October 1, 1715 in the new capital of Russia, St. Petersburg, on the basis of the senior classes of the Navigation School, the Academy of the Naval Guards (Naval Academy), a purely military educational institution for the training of naval officers. The Naval Academy was originally housed in the house of Admiralty Advisor A. V. Kikin (near the modern Palace Square), and since 1743 - in the former palace of Field Marshal B. Kh. Minikh on Vasilyevsky Island.

In 1716, for the graduates of the academy, military rank"midshipman". After graduation, the midshipmen were enlisted in the midshipman company in Kronstadt. In the summer, the midshipmen were distributed among the ships, and in the winter they continued their education on the shore as part of the midshipman company. According to the results of the exam and in the presence of free positions in the fleet, midshipmen were promoted to the rank of midshipman.

The course of study at the Naval Academy, students took, depending on their training, for 2-3 years, but the stay in the midshipman company was often delayed beyond the prescribed 7 years.

Due to the complexity special exam to obtain an officer's rank, the peculiarities of the ranks in the navy, the naval service was not particularly popular among the nobility, who preferred the guards and even the army. This circumstance, along with the desire for uniformity in the selection and training of officers for the army and navy, was the reason for the reform of naval education.

On December 15, 1752, the Navigational School and the cadet company were abolished, and the Naval Academy was transformed into the Naval Cadet Corps. The new name emphasized the recruitment of the educational institution exclusively by persons of noble origin - a principle that persisted until 1917. The staff of the corps provided for 360 people (from 1783 - 600, in fact in 1791 - about 1000 people).

In 1771, after a big fire on Vasilyevsky Island, which destroyed the building of the corps (only the main walls remained from the former palace of B. Kh. Minich), the cadets and midshipmen were transferred to Kronstadt. In Kronstadt, in the Italian Palace, the Naval Cadet Corps was located until 1798, when it returned to St. Petersburg by decree of Paul I. The building of the building, rebuilt on the embankment of Vasilyevsky Island in the classical style, also included the walls of the previously burnt palace. Subsequently, the main building was supplemented by the Dining and Compass Halls, other buildings in the block bounded by the embankment, the 11th and 12th lines and the Grand Avenue.

In these difficult conditions, a positive role was played by the activities of the highly educated Admiral I.F. Kruzenshtern, who was in 1811-1827. class inspector, and in 1827-1842. - Director of the Marine Corps.

I.F. Kruzenshtern attracted many talented teachers to teaching, expanded the library (in 1827 - 8519 volumes). Under him, a museum and an observatory were created in the corps, and the Navarin brig (1/2 life-size model) was installed in the Dining Hall for training cadets in the winter. On the initiative of I. F. Kruzenshtern, on January 28, 1827, an officer class was opened at the Naval Cadet Corps - to improve the education of officers. The officer class (since 1862 - the Academic Course of Marine Sciences) in 1877 was reorganized into the Nikolaev Naval Academy, which in 1907 was separated from the Naval Corps, becoming an independent educational institution.

On June 2, 1867, the Naval Cadet Corps was renamed the Naval School. According to the charter of the school, classified as a higher educational institution, young men at the age of 16 were admitted to it. The term of study was 4 years, the staff of the school was reduced to 240 people.

In 1891, the Naval School was again renamed the "Naval Cadet Corps" with a 6-year term of study in three general and three special classes. The state provided for the training of 320 cadets and midshipmen. In 1898, it was increased to 600 people, of which 525 were fully supported by the state, and 75 were the so-called "friends", or scholarship holders.

On November 6, 1914, Nicholas II appointed his son, Tsarevich Alexei Nikolaevich, as the head of the corps, and the educational institution became known as the Marine Corps of His Imperial Highness the Heir Tsarevich (in 1916, the “corps” was replaced by the “school”). With the coming to power of the interim government in March 1917, this name was simply “Naval School”. The Naval School continued to work until March 1918, when it was disbanded in accordance with the Decree on the dissolution of the old fleet and the creation of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Fleet.

It soon became obvious that the "new" fleet also could not do without command personnel. Therefore, on September 15, 1918, a special order announced the creation in Petrograd of "Courses commanders fleet" for 300 listeners. The official opening of the courses took place on October 10, 1918 in the premises of the former Naval College, where the material base and the main staff of teachers were preserved. Thus, after a short break, the country's oldest naval educational institution was recreated. On June 30, 1919, the courses were reorganized into the "School of the Navy Commanders" with a training period of 3.5 years.

On October 22, 1922, the Fleet Command Staff School was transformed into the Naval School, which on January 7, 1926 was named after M.V. Frunze. In 1926, the military rank of "cadet" was introduced for students of the school. The state provided for the training of 825 cadets and 75 students of parallel classes. Those who graduated from the senior special course of the school were awarded the title of "ship cadet". After an internship on warships and an exam, graduates received the title of "commander of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Fleet" and the official category K-3 or K-4, and since 1936 - the personal military rank of "lieutenant", which is awarded to those who successfully graduated and are currently .

The role of the Higher Naval School named after M. V. Frunze in the late 30s. in this regard was especially great, since it served as a prototype and base for the creation of naval schools in Sevastopol, Baku, Vladivostok, and after the Great Patriotic War and others, including in Kaliningrad.

The authority of the profession of a sailor and the reputation of the Higher Naval School named after M.V. Frunze in the country were very high. In 1940, 3900 applications were received from applicants for 300 vacancies. According to the staff in 1940, the Frunze Higher Naval School had 435 permanent servicemen (including 280 senior and middle officer commanders), 1850 cadets, 150 students of parallel classes, 500 civilian personnel.

In 1959, with the reduction of the fleet, the number of cadets decreased to 640 people, in subsequent years it increased again. Officers were trained by three faculties: I - navigational (since 1952), II - hydrographic (again since 1969, in 1954-1960 there was a separate school, in 1960-1969 - navigation and hydrographic faculty), III - weapons (since 1960 it was called the faculty of anti-submarine weapons, created on the basis of the mine-torpedo weapon that existed since 1952). In 1948-1951. the engineering mine and torpedo department worked at the school, in 1952-1970. - artillery faculty and a separate course, in 1959-1969. - faculty of political staff, and at different times - various courses and a correspondence department.

Government Decree Russian Federation in September 1998 on the basis of the combined Higher Naval Order of Lenin of the Red Banner Order of Ushakov School named after. M.V. Frunze and the Higher Naval School of Diving. Lenin Komsomol formed a naval institute. On January 25, 2001, in connection with the 300th anniversary of military education in Russia, by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, the institute was given the name "Naval Corps of Peter the Great - St. Petersburg Naval Institute".

July 15, 2009 (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1951-r dated December 24, 2008) St. Petersburg Naval Institute - The Marine Corps of Peter the Great was reorganized and became part of the Federal State Military educational institution higher vocational education"Military educational and scientific center of the Navy "Naval Academy named after Admiral of the Fleet Soviet Union N. G. Kuznetsova.

Over the long years of the school's existence, it has trained more than 30,000 naval officers. More than a thousand pupils, midshipmen and cadets died in battles for their homeland. Hundreds of graduates were awarded the highest military awards: the Order of St. George, golden weapons with the inscription "For Courage", the Order of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, the Order of the Red Banner, etc. Only during the Great Patriotic War, 52 pupils of the school became Heroes of the Soviet Union, 750 people became cavaliers orders of Ushakov and Nakhimov.

In the pre-revolutionary period, the Naval Corps (academy, school) enjoyed the attention of the highest state power, especially the emperors Peter the Great, Paul I, Nicholas I and Nicholas II, and was marked by many awards and gifts. V Soviet period The school was awarded the Honorary Revolutionary Red Banner of the CEC USSR(1936), orders of Lenin (1939) and Ushakov I degree (1951).

V world history such eminent graduates of the naval corps of Peter the Great as outstanding navigators entered their names forever, national heroes Russia, the flagships of the fleet M.P. Lazarev, V.A. Kornilov, P.S. Nakhimov, famous artists V.V. Vereshchagin, A.P. Bogolyubov, writers K.M. Stanyukovich, V.I. Dahl, L.I. Sobolev, scientists A.N. Krylov, A.S. Shishkov, B.B. Golitsyn, A.N. Rykachev, composer N.A. Rimsky-Korsakov, opera singer N.N. Figner, a large industrial entrepreneur N.I. Putilov, aircraft inventor A.F. Mozhaisky.

Currently, the leadership of the university is represented by the head of the Naval Institute, Rear Admiral Sokolov Vladimir Nikolaevich, his deputy captain 1st rank Evgeniy Yuryevich Mulgin, deputy for training and scientific work Captain 1st Rank Nesterchuk Alexander Ananyevich, Deputy for Personnel Management Captain 1st Rank Alexander Petrovich Berezyuk, Deputy for Logistics Captain 2nd Rank Kirei Oleg Nikolaevich.

The organizational and staffing structure of the university includes 4 faculties:

— navigation and hydrographic faculty;

- faculty of armaments;

- faculty of secondary military special training;

- Faculty of retraining and advanced training.

10 departments:

shipbuilding,

technical means of navigation,

Navigation-hydrographic and hydrometeorological support,

Mine, anti-mine and anti-submarine weapons of surface ships,

Marine submarine weapons,

Submarine missiles,

Organization of daily activities, combat training and maritime practice,

Humanitarian and socio-economic disciplines,

Devices and survivability of the ship,

foreign languages,

Training of cadets is carried out in accordance with the basic professional educational programs higher education in 6 military specialties:

- navigation and operation of marine navigation aids.

Application and operation of navigation-hydrographic (oceanographic) and hydrometeorological aids.

The use and operation of mine and anti-mine weapons of surface ships.

The use and operation of naval underwater weapons of surface ships and submarines

- the use and operation of ballistic missiles of submarines.

- the use and operation of cruise missiles of submarines.

In accordance with the main professional educational programs of secondary vocational education, cadets are trained in 4 military specialties:

Operation and repair technical means navigation.

Operation and repair of control systems and launch equipment for missile weapons of submarines.

Operation and repair of anti-submarine torpedo and mine weapons of submarines.

Operation and repair of anti-submarine torpedo and mine weapons of surface ships.

Text: Press Service of the Western Military District

Photo: Rear Admiral Vladimir Vorobyov. Press Service of the Western Military District

personnel Northern Fleet new commanders of formations are presented - the commander of the Kola flotilla of heterogeneous forces and the commander of the White Sea naval base.

The Kola flotilla of diverse forces, the largest formation of the Northern Fleet, which includes formations of surface ships and diesel submarines, was headed by Rear Admiral Vladimir Sokolov.

The White Sea Naval Base, an association that successfully solves the problems of testing nuclear submarines under construction, was headed by Rear Admiral Vladimir Vorobyov.

Curriculum vitae

Viktor Nikolaevich Sokolov graduated from the Higher naval school named after Frunze (1985). After that, he served on surface ships Pacific Fleet in the positions of commander of a mine-torpedo warhead, assistant commander and commander of a sea minesweeper, commander of a division of surface ships.

In 1992 he graduated from the Higher Special Officer Classes Navy, in 1998 - command faculty Naval Academy them. N.G. Kuznetsova. After graduating from the Military Academy in 2006 General Staff Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, he served as Deputy Commander and Commander of the Primorsky Flotilla of the diverse forces of the Pacific Fleet.

Vorobyov Vladimir Mikhailovich graduated from the Lenin Komsomol Higher Naval Diving School (1990). He served on nuclear submarines of the Northern Fleet as a group engineer, commander of a navigation warhead, commander of a nuclear submarine.

In 1996 he graduated from the Higher Special Officer Classes of the Navy. After graduating from the Naval Academy in 2003. N.G. Kuznetsova served as deputy commander of a division and squadron of nuclear submarines of the Northern Fleet, chief of staff of the White Sea naval base, head of the combat training department of the Northern Fleet.

At the head of the international armada of 20 surface-submarine steamers, Rear Admiral Joseph Kilkenny stuck out on the bridge of the Yankovsky cruiser URO. The look is lightning. Flying gait. The fingers are curled. Not a man - an eagle!

He did not even order, he snarled through his teeth: "Do THIS ..."

And - a grimace on his face, as if he was about to spit.

The British, French, Danes, Germans, Swedes, not to mention all sorts of Poles and Latvians, didn’t even walk around the American cruiser, but they rushed around on cirls. So they wore it!

Barely cracked on the sides.

And among all this naval pile-small, there was a place to be our TFR "Fearless". The Russian watchdog reacted solidly to the orders of the American commander. Emphasized slowly.

He sets his own value. - knowingly explained to his Kilkenny.

Here the Yankees clearly made a mistake. The focus was elsewhere.

Ie, of course, yes. On the "Fearless" they knew the price of themselves hoo. But with spoken English, which the orders of the foreign command were duplicated on the walkie-talkie, there was somewhat less knowledge. Therefore, the Ivans "slowed down on the turns", leafing through American-Russian phrasebooks with a foul language.

The teachings, meanwhile, went on as usual. Aircraft rumbled in the sky, Polish and German submarines gurgled in the depths, the waves ripped up the stems of ships.

The beauty!

Finally, Kilkenny ordered the detention and examination of the conditional offenders - an American tanker and a German transport. The whole armada with the Anglo-French-Danish-German-Swedish-Polish-Latvian cry "Atu them, atu!" rushed over.

The last order was rehearsed, of course, "Fearless" ...

Ashamed. We'll be late again. - Igor Smirnov, the commander of the guard cap-two, sadly threw.

Calm. Only calmness. - the senior caprice Vova Sokolov answered him enigmatically. I have a funny idea...

Thanks to her, the Russians screwed everyone over.

While the entire international brethren, forcing vehicles, tried to catch up with the "violating ships" leaving the square, the Ivans shoved an inspection party of marines into the Ka-27.

A minute and the helicopter went into the sky.

In fact, such a move was not provided for by the exercises. What the Russians were immediately informed about from the Yankovsky cruiser. Like, "conditionally due to bad weather conditions, the use of aviation is impossible."
- So it's conditional. Vova Sokolov laughed. - Let the Americans do not take a steam bath. I have a helicopter - all-weather! So pass it on!

So they passed it on. On the cruiser, they sprinkled and shut up.

Meanwhile, a Russian helicopter chirped over the British and Co. I caught up with the "violators" and hovered over the aft superstructure of the fleeing American tanker.

From a helicopter on the radio, they are trying to transmit an order to the tanker to urgently stop for inspection. Lord, the Russians distort English so much!.. The tanker does not respond to the order. - Reported to Rear Admiral.

Kilkenny chuckled wickedly.
- Well? And what will the Ivans do now?

And really - what?

And here's what.

A cable fell down from the open hatch of the helicopter. A mammoth-like ensign-marine in an orange life jacket and with a PKM slid down it with a dashing saying "fuck" in a safety harness. I stopped the movement exactly opposite the glazing of the cabin. And, pointing a heavy machine gun at the petrified helmsman with one hand, he asked in pure Russian: "WHERE ARE YOU GOING, YOU SCART?! .."

The American skipper got it right at once. He gave the command to the car: "All stop!"

On German transport, there were also enough witnesses of the circus trick of Ivanov. So a minute later the Fritz also drifted ...

P.S. "Naval sailors of the Baltic Fleet at the past international maritime exercises Baltops-2006 demonstrated to American colleagues how they can successfully implement the mandate of the UN Security Council to maintain peace in the coastal zone. This was reported to a REGNUM correspondent today, June 22, in the press service of the Baltic Fleet, commenting on the results of the exercises. "The correct, but rather persistent actions of the Marines of the Baltic Fleet to inspect the "violating ships" - the American tanker and the German universal transport ship - deserved the high praise of the head of the exercise, Rear Admiral Joseph Kilkenny," the representative of the Baltic Fleet emphasized.