The State Archives of Russia published a document about the so-called. the feat of the "Panfilov heroes

08.07.2020

If all the soldiers died and the front returned to this place only a month later, then who told this story and was believed at the army headquarters?
Having asked such a question, comrade Salador continued the investigation of the feat of "28 Panfilov's men" that had begun earlier.

And here's what I came up with...

The investigation was based on the document of the chief military prosecutor N. Afanasyev "On 28 Panfilovites" dated May 10, 1948.

Today, reading the comments, I realized, but this is the prosecutor and his task was to deprive the title of Hero Soviet Union Dobrobarin and Kuzhebergenov, who were captured by the Germans. The prosecutor did an excellent job with his task - planting Dobrobarin I.E. for 15 years and depriving him of all awards.

What's weird about the document no evidence of any participant in the events, but only persons who did not participate.

Is it to Heroes Vasiliev I.R., Shemyakin G.M. and Shadrin I.D. also no trust? Why there is an interrogation of the newspaper editor, but there is not a single interrogation of heroes?

Thanks to the materials laid out by the comrades, we move on.

There is also data on enemy losses of 800 people and 15 tanks.

But in a political report, there is nothing about the feat of the 4th company where did the reporters get it from?

Maybe the report was watered not from the 1075th regiment, but from another.

We look at the map of the location of the units of the 16th army on 11/15/1941.

As you can see, to the left of the 1075th regiment is the 43rd cavalry regiment of the 50th cavalry division.

From the west is the 2nd tank division with two tank battalions with 65 and 40 tanks. From the south 5 Panzer Division (maybe 11 TD is unclear) with two tank battalions of 50 tanks. We also see the marked battle dated 11/15/41.

Total located in this area up to 205 enemy tanks, as well as the sizes of tank battalions are the same with articles in newspapers - 50 tanks.

Then we look at what the Germans write on this day - the combat journal (ZHBI) of the German 2nd Panzer Division, which was advancing in that place.

Scan and translation of concrete goods 2 td for 11/16/1941:

6:30 am Angriffsbeginn. Ab 7:00 Uhr Unterstutzung durch Zerstörer.

6:30 The attack began. From 07:00 _Zerstorer__ support (assault guns, Bf-110?)

07:40 erreicht Kampfgruppe 2 Nelidowo. Wenig Feind.
Die Unterstützung durch 5PD erfolgt nicht, vielmehr soll 11PD den Angriff unterstützen. Sie kann aber erst am 16.11. nachmittags die 5PD ablösen. Damit ist auch die 3 Forderung der Division beim 5AK, nämlich Unterstützung auf rechter Flanke, unerfüllt. Weder hat man der Div. die Aufklärungsstaffel "1(H)/14" bewilligt, noch Betriebsstoff mit Hilfe anderer Kolonien herangefahren.

07:40 Battle Group 2 reached Nelidovo. Few enemies.
Support from the 5th AP does not come, on the contrary, the attack must be supported by the 11th AP. But they will be able to replace the 5th TD only on 16.11.
There is also a requirement of the division to the 5th AK, namely the support of the right flank, unfulfilled. No one approved for the division the reconnaissance detachment 1 (H) / 14, as well as the supply of fuel with the help of the remaining colonies. (maybe columns?)

7:45 erhält Kampfgruppe 1 Befehl, starke Sicherung mit 5cm Pak und le.F.R. an Strasse nach Istra zu belassen und Minensperren gegen Feindpanzer auszulegen.

7:45 fireteam 1 receives order, increased attention by moving 5cm Pak and le.F.R. on the road to Istra and set up minefields against enemy tanks.

8:00 meldet AR74 Morosowa und Schirjajewa durch Kampfgruppe 1 genommen. Feindwiderstand bishergering.
9.13 erreicht Kampfgruppe 1 Petelinki.
9.45 meldet Kampfgruppe 2: Feldstellungen nördlich. Potinky genommen. Sudrand Nikolskoje erreicht. Gegner in Feldstellungen nördlich. Nikolskoje. Greifen weiter an.
10.12 erreicht Kampfgruppe 1 Waldrand 1 km nördl. Petelinki.

08:00 it is announced that AR74 Morozovo and Shiryaev are occupied by combat group 1. Enemy opposition is still weak.
9.13 Battle Group 1 reaches Petelniki.
At 0945, combat group 2 reports: the field fortifications north of Potinka have been taken. The southern outskirts of Nikolsky have been reached. Enemy in field fortifications north of Nikolsky. The movement continues.
10.12 Battle group 1 reaches the border of the forest 1 km north of Petelniki.

10:30 meldet AR74: Vordere Line bei Kampfgruppe 1 am Waldrand 300 m nördl. Schirjajewa. Feel im Wald. Spähtrupps erkunden Weg.
Gleichzeitig meldet linker Nachbar 35ID, dass der Feind aus Richtung Buigorodoin Gegend Bolow in Rgt. Starke angreift.
Neue Erfahrungen mit russisch Fernzündunggeräten.

1030 AR74 reports: Front line in front of Combat Group 1 300 meters north of Shiryaevo. Enemy in the forest. Patrols scout the way. At this time, the left neighbor, the 35th Infantry Division, reports that the enemy is moving into the regiment by force from the Buigorodin-Bolov area. Strong attack. New experience with Russian remote ignition devices. (apparently they mean MLRS, "Katyusha" that is)

13:30 Zwischenmeldung an V.A.K.: Kampfgruppe 1 im Kampf mit Gegner, der sich in Waldrändern der Straße zäh verteidigt, in Line nördlich Schirjajewa - 1.5 km south Petelinki. Kampfgruppe 2 stellt sich etwa 2600 m nördl Nikolskaja zum Kampf gegen Gegner im Wald südl. Bessowka-Bach bereit. Kampfgruppe 3 säubert mit rechtem Flügel Raum westl. Nelidowo - Nikolskaja.
Eindruck: Der an sich nicht allzustarke Feind verteidigt sich unter Ausnützung des Waldgebietes südlich der Strasse zäh.
Kampfgruppe 2 meldet: Btl. mit 2Kp. im Angriff in vorderster Line 800 m South Srasse bei Jadrowa. Panzer sichern nach Ubergang Fluss Bessowka. Seit Nikolskaja nur schwacher Feind.

13.20 Kampfgruppe 1: Feindstellungen im Walde nördlich Petelinki durchbrochen. Vorgehen durch Baumsperren und Minen verzögert.
Kampfgruppe 1 und 2 werden verständigt über fdl. Panzerangriff von Bordinki Richtung Pescalkowa.
Weitere Feindpanzer im Wald Nordlich Bordiniki.
Der Angriff wird nachmittags durch 35ID abgeschlagen, 12 Feindpanzer abgeschossen. Weitere Nachricht an Kampfgruppe 1: 5PD geht nach Ablösung durch Teile der 11PD nach Alexandrowka vor und ferner: an Strasse Popowkina nach Buigorod zahlreiche Minen links und rechts der Strasse, die bei Auslösung hochspringen sollen.
Mitteilung an Kampfgruppe 2: Mulde zwischen Tschepzy und Gorki stark vermint.

1320 Battle group 1: Enemy positions in the forest north of Petelniki are breached. The process was slowed down by blockages and mines. Battlegroups 1 and 2 will operate jointly. (?) tank attack from Bordniki to Peskalovka. Enemy tanks in the forest north of Bordniki. By evening, the attack was repulsed by the 35th Infantry Division, 12 tanks were destroyed. Further messages to battle group 1: 5th TD is being replaced by units of the 11th TD in front of Aleksandrovka (?), and also: on the Popovkin road to Buigorod, mines are laid on the left and right, which bounce when cocked. Message to Battle Group 2: The area between Tsepnoy and Gorki is heavily mined.

14:00 Kampfgruppe 1: Roshdestweno erreicht.

It's already clear here. Christmas - already in the rear of the Soviet positions.

14:15 Kampfgruppe 2: Jadrowo genommen. Strasse vermint. Btl. saubert Wald um Jadrowo. Aufklärung nach Norden angesetzt.
15:00 meldet AR74: eigene Schützen im weiteren Vorgehen auf Mykanino. Haben Ortsrand erreicht.
15:15 Kampfgruppe 1: Lyszewo erreicht.
Von Kampfgruppe 3 beteiligt sich seit 12.15 2SR304 an der Säuberung des Zwischengeländes bei Kampfgruppe 2. 3Kp geht nach Nelidowo und sichert nach Osten, während 2Kp in Nikolskaja bleibt. IISR304 stellt Verbindung mit Kampfgruppe 2 bei Jadrowo her. 7SR304 ist mit IR109 auf Tschepzy vorgegangen und am Abend vor der Ortschaft liegen geblieben. SR304 erhält (18.15 Uhr) Befehl für 17.11: mit Teilen bei Morgengrauen Kampfgruppe 2 in Mykanino ablösen. Panzerkompanien treten zu Kampfgruppe 3. Strasse Wolokolamsk-Istra entminen. Ausgangsstellung für 18.11 durch Inbesitznahme von Golubzowa und Awdotino erreichen. Kampfgruppe 1 hat Weisung, Angriff zu unterstützen. Kampfgruppe 1 and 2 setzen Pi.Kompanien zur Entminung der Strasse ein.

Pay attention to some data:

1030 AR74 reports: Front line in front of Combat Group 1 300 meters north of Shiryaevo. Enemy in the forest. Patrols scout the way.
from the road to the line. Battle Group 2 turns south from a position 2600 m north of Bol. Nikolskoe to fight the enemy in the forest. Combat group 3 clears the right echelon (construction, apparently) the space to the west of Nelidovo-Nikolskoye.
Impression: Not too strong enemy defends stubbornly, using forest areas south of the road.
Combat Team 2 reports: Battalion with 2 companies on the attack in front of the line 800 meters south of the road to Yadrovo. Tanks move forward to cover the crossing over the Bessovka creek. From Nikolskaya - a weak opponent.

It turns out from 10:30 1 battle group cannot break through in the forest north of Shiryaevo and south of Petlino (just a forest near Dubosekovo). By 13:30, the second group had broken through the entire defense of the regiment and was turning to help the 1st group.
Here is the layout of the battalions, as we can see, the 2nd battalion of the 1075th regiment, which includes the 4th company, occupied just that place.

From the testimony of the former commander of the 1075th joint venture, Colonel I. Kaprov:

The fourth company was commanded by captain Gundilovich, political instructor Klochkov ... She occupied the defense - Dubosekovo, Petelino. By November 16, 1941, there were 120-140 people in the company. My command post was located behind the Dubosekovo junction at the crossing booth about 1 ½ km from the positions of the 4th company. I do not remember now whether there were anti-tank rifles in the 4th company, but I repeat that in the entire 2nd battalion there were only 4 anti-tank rifles. By November 16, the division was preparing for offensive battle but the Germans were ahead of us. From the early morning of November 16, 1941, the Germans made a large air raid, and then a strong artillery preparation, which especially hit the position of the 2nd battalion.

And what about the battle reports from our side 316 rifle division. There is a combat report from the headquarters of the 316th Rifle Division dated 11/16/1941.

I dotted all the time from the magazine of the German 2td and our 316th sd, that's what happens.

. Reconstruction of events from logs.

As you can see, the points of the two combat logs are almost identical, with a difference of 1 hour (probably tied to different time zones).

On November 16, at 08:00, an attack began from the south of the 2nd tank battalions. 1st TB crushed the positions of the 5th company 1075 regiment and 43 cp 50 cd and went to the rear of the 1075 regiment.

The 2nd TB like a knife went through the 4th and 6th companies of the 2nd battalion and 3rd battalion To 11:30 was at height 251 as we see on the map, this is the right point of defense of the 1075th regiment.

That is the regiment's positions were completely destroyed in 3 and a half hours.

The testimony of the regiment commander corresponds to the combat logs, only the time (14.00-15.00 hours) does not match, but I prefer two logs written on the same day than testimonies 6 years later and where it is impossible to find a source. And what is strange is that they are 4 hours later than the real events, why do you think?

So within 40-45 minutes the enemy crushed the location of the 2nd battalion, and within 3 hours crushed the location of the regiment and the regiment retreated together with the 4th company of Gundelevich.

But at 11:30, part of the 1TB turns around and goes to Shiryaevo, what happened there?

1030 AR74 reports: Front line in front of Combat Group 1 300 meters north of Shiryaevo. Enemy in the forest.

It turns out the Germans sent 2 such wedges that cut through the defense, and between them went the infantry.

It turns out that the soldiers in the forest missed the tanks and began to destroy the infantry. In the forest could be part of the 5th company and part of the 4th company.

13:30 V.A.K Interim Report: Fireteam 1 confronts the enemy, stubbornly defending himself in the forest to the south from the road to the line north of Shiryaevo - 1.5 km south of Petelino. Battle Group 2 turns south from a position 2600m north of Bol. Nikolskoe to fight the enemy in the forest.

Most likely this report was at 12:30 because 13:20 follows.

1320 Battle Group 1: Enemy positions in the forest from the north. The loops are broken. The process was slowed down by blockages and mines. Battlegroups 1 and 2 acted jointly.

It turns out tanks 1td - for 2 hours they could not break through the Panfilovites, then 2tb came up from the rear - and it was all over.

Until 13:20 (14:20 Moscow time), the Panfilovites held the defense of the site.

During this time, the Germans defeated the defenses of the entire division, they were already on the way to the headquarters of the 316th rifle division.

Come to Rozhdestveno.
Core busy.

On this day, 316 rifle divisions were defeated. and therefore, neither in the 1075th regiment nor in the division did they know that for half a day several Panfilov’s held the defense.

The next report of the headquarters of the 316th division. arrives at 2:00 on 11/18/41, where it is indicated that all units retreated and 100-150 people remained in the regiments.

And a few hours later the division commander was killed Panfilov Ivan Vasilievich.

. So he said the same about the feat of the Panfilovites?.

After all, everyone retreated, and in 316 Rifle Division there is not a word about them.

Let's look at the reports of the neighboring 50 Cavalry Division.

It turns out that the enemy could not develop an attack in this direction and by the end of the day cavalry division counterattacked and returned to their original positions.

So they saw 18 wrecked tanks and picked up the wounded Panfilov.

This also proves that some Panfilov's men ended up in the Dovator cavalry unit - Kozhabergenov Daniil Alexandrovich, Vasiliev Illarion Romanovich, Shemyakin Grigory Melentievich.

Report to the political department that Kozhabergenov's wife receives letters from the cavalry corps:

Eventually 50 cd after the counterattack on 11/16/41 returned to its original positions. During reconnaissance, it was discovered that 18 tans were burned down near the fortifications of the neighboring regiment. In the trenches they found the wounded Panfilovs and sent them to the hospital.

And the political instructor of the cavalry unit (I think that his last name was Diev) sent a political report about the feat of the Panfilovites to the army headquarters, where it was provided to correspondents.

But for 75 years, neither correspondents, nor the prosecutor, nor historians thought to look for confirmation of this feat in watered reports in the Dovator cavalry unit.

His check "organs" was carried out from 1942 to 1944

In the dispute about the legendary feat of 28 Panfilov's men, which has been troubling us for several years now, new weighty evidence has appeared in favor of the reality of this high-profile episode of the Great Patriotic War. On the eve of the next anniversary of the beginning of the Soviet counter-offensive near Moscow in 1941, a briefing was held at the Russian Military Historical Society, at which newly declassified documents were presented that prove that the feat of 28 fighters from the Panfilov division really took place in the battles near Volokolamsk.

Chairman of the RVIO, Minister of Culture of the Russian Federation Vladimir Medinsky, speaking at the beginning of the briefing, explained:

For two recent years RVIO scientists were given the task of clarifying as much as possible, confirming with documents, all the circumstances of the hostilities in November 1941 near Volokolamsk. During this period, our specialists applied to all archives where relevant documentary evidence can be found. And not so long ago we received information that a whole complex of documents was found in the Central Archive of the FSB - a voluminous folder with materials for checking the circumstances related to the legendary epic of 28 Panfilov heroes. Just a few days ago, these materials were declassified as "secret", and our specialists began their thorough study.

As Vladimir Medinsky further noted, this work is still ongoing. However, it can already be stated now that the discovered materials show that those events related to the feat of 28 Panfilov’s men, which are being discussed so much now, really took place. As for those documents of the prosecutor's check conducted in 1948, which are referred to by those who believe that this feat is a fiction, it should be recognized that, for various reasons, that post-war check was very politicized and therefore biased. And yes, a lot of time has passed since the events themselves.

Meanwhile, the newly discovered documentary materials in the archives of the special services have been collected in hot pursuit - a few months after that heroic battle.

This first thorough check was launched in May 1942 by the NKVD, then it was conducted by the Smersh military counterintelligence. The last documents date back to 1944.

Among the declassified is a case entitled "Materials on the incorrect design of award materials in the 8th Guards Rifle Division for 28 Panfilov heroes", which counterintelligence agencies conducted in May-December 1942.

As experts explained, one of the reasons for conducting a thorough investigation into the circumstances of the battle at the Dubosekovo junction, which took place on November 16, 1941, was the case of the Red Army soldier Daniil Kuzhebergenov. According to the surviving report of the head of the Special Department of the NKVD Western front, "in the middle of November in the Volokolamsk direction" he voluntarily surrendered to the Germans. However, after 7 hours of being in captivity, Kuzhebergenov “under very dubious circumstances” fled from the Nazis. The Chekists who checked the Red Army soldier noticed that a person with exactly the same surname was on the list of 28 Panfilov heroes nominated for the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. As indicated in the report addressed to the head of the Department of Special Departments of the NKVD of the USSR Abakumov, being arrested after returning from the enemy side, Kuzhebergenov "at first attributed to himself the participation in the heroic deed of 28 heroes, but later retracted his testimony."

As a result of the inspection, it was possible to find out that another Red Army soldier Kuzhebergenov, Askar, fought and died at the Dubosekovo junction with the Nazis. It was he who was posthumously awarded the title of Hero.

Dealing with the case of the “double”, the employees of the authorities began checking other fighters from among the 28 Panfilov men on the list for assignment high rank. At the same time, some inaccuracies and overlays were discovered, which was the reason for starting a thorough check of all the circumstances of that battle. During this check on July 5, 1942, the head of the Special Department of the 8th Guards division(former 316th) interrogated several commanders of the 1075th rifle regiment- direct participants in the fighting near Volokolamsk.

Answering the question where and when 28 Panfilov guardsmen fought with tanks and who specifically led this battle, the former military commissar of the 1075th rifle regiment, senior battalion commissar Akhmedzhan Mukhamedyarov explained: “... To the second platoon of the 4th rifle company in the area of the Dubosekovo junction the first attack was made by the enemy. The platoon first repelled the attack of enemy submachine gunners... After an unsuccessful attack of submachine gunners, the enemy launched several dozen tanks against the regiment's defenses in this direction... Politruk of the 4th rifle company comrade. Klochkov, recognizing the dangerous situation in the area of the second platoon of the company, goes there ... In this direction, up to 50 enemy tanks went against the second platoon. The unequal battle lasted 4-5 hours, the heroes, having let the tanks come close, knocked out and destroyed 18 enemy tanks with hand grenades and bottles of fuel ... the political instructor of the company Klochkov Vasily Georgievich at the Dubosekovo junction on November 16, 1941 took place ... "

Further, in his testimony, Mukhamedyarov noted that the documents with the presentation of 28 Panfilov heroes were drawn up in early January 1942 by several regiment commanders, who were instructed to clarify all the data of the awarded. However, these commanders reacted to the task entrusted to them "frivolously and irresponsibly." As a result of this, as well as the “poor condition in the personnel accounting and reporting regiment,” some errors could have been made in the documents.

The work then, during the war years, was carried out very large, thorough, - emphasized Alexander Zdanovich, Doctor of Historical Sciences, an expert in the study of the history of domestic special services. - However, as you can easily see, none of the 28 Panfilovites was deprived of the title of Hero as a result. So there is no doubt about the reality of this feat and the correctness of the list of awardees compiled as a result of all checks and clarifications.

Director State Archive Russia (GARF) Sergey Mironenko was dismissed from his post, but will remain the scientific director of the archive, Interfax reports, citing a source in the institution.

It is known about the public conflict between Mironenko and the Minister of Culture Vladimir Medinsky: when the archive published documents debunking the myth about the "feat of 28 Panfilovites", the head of the department advised archivists "to pursue their profession and not give their own assessments of archival documents."

According to the interlocutor of the agency, the staff of the archive has not yet officially announced the resignation of Mironenko. Larisa Rogovaya, who worked as Mironenko's deputy, has been appointed acting director.

Sergey Mironenko has worked as the director of the State Archives since the founding of the institution in 1992.

In July 2015, documents dedicated to the so-called "feat of 28 Panfilovites" were published on the website of the State Archive.

"In connection with numerous appeals from citizens, institutions and organizations, we are posting a certificate-report of the Chief Military Prosecutor N. Afanasyev "On 28 Panfilovites" dated May 10, 1948, based on the results of an investigation by the Main Military Prosecutor's Office, which is stored in the fund of the USSR Prosecutor's Office (GA RF. F. R. -8131)," the State Archives website says.

The investigation into the facts cited in the publication of the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper was also known earlier. These papers were first published in 1997 in the journal " New world". The materials proved that there was no battle with the participation of 28 Panfilov soldiers.

The investigation began with the arrest and accusation of treason of one of the "28 Panfilovites" Ivan Dobrobabin. He surrendered to the Germans and in the spring of 1942 became the chief of police in a village near Kharkov.

The publication on the website of the State Archive finally confirmed the authenticity of the documents.

The Ministry of Culture and personally Vladimir Medinsky support the creation of the film "28 Panfilovites" directed by Andrey Shalopa. In 2014, the department allocated 30 million rubles for its shooting.

After the publication of the documents, the director stated that "to debunk national exploits"it is impossible, because" these are simple examples that allow us to educate new generations."

"These are sacred things. Trying to debunk national exploits is possible only in order to weaken the moral foundations of the people. One can hardly think of a noble motive for this," Shalopa said.

Vladimir Medinsky said at the same time that the head of the State Archives was "not a writer, not a journalist, not a fighter against historical falsifications." He urged the employees of the GARF "to practice their profession and not give their own assessments of archival documents."

The Minister of Culture also explained that the published documents do not debunk the feat, since they do not refute the fact of the battle itself. In an interview with RBC, he said that the Krasnaya Zvezda correspondent wrote an operational note, and not a historical study. Medinsky emphasized that since "it was the number 28 that entered the legend," then this is enough for "History with a capital letter."

“And those who are trying to“ hurt ”the legend with crafty, as it were,“ scientific ”calculations, are engaged in verbiage. I can only advise them one thing: it would be nice if there was a time machine, and you - picking your dirty greasy fingers in the history of 1941 - you would be in a trench with a grenade against a fascist tank. My conviction is: we must stop the disgusting discussion of this topic, "Medinsky explained.

Filming of the film "28 Panfilov" began in 2013. Its premiere was scheduled for the fall of 2015, but later the director announced that the film's release date had been postponed to 2016.

This work is not protected by copyright.
In accordance with Article 1259 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, official documents of state bodies and local governments are not objects of copyright municipalities, including laws, other regulations, court decisions, other materials of a legislative, administrative and judicial nature, official documents of international organizations, as well as their official translations, works folk art(folklore), messages about events and facts that are of an exclusively informational nature (news reports of the day, TV programs, vehicle schedules, etc.).

dated June 11, 1948 No. 145lss Reference-report of the Chief Military Prosecutor N. Afanasyev “On 28 Panfilovites” dated May 10, 1948 based on the results of an investigation by the Main Military Prosecutor’s Office, stored in the fund of the USSR Prosecutor’s Office (GA RF. F. R-8131)

In November 1947, the military prosecutor's office of the Kharkov garrison arrested Dobrobabin Ivan Evstafievich for treason.

The investigation established that, being at the front, DOBROBABIN voluntarily surrendered to the Germans, and in the spring of 1942 began to serve with them as the chief of police with. Perekop, Valkovsky district, Kharkiv region.

In March 1943, after the liberation of the Valkovsky district, DOBROBABIN was arrested by the Soviet authorities, but escaped from custody, again went over to the Germans, again joined the police and continued to conduct active treacherous activities.

During the arrest, a book about "28 Panfilov Heroes" was found at Dobrobabin's, and it turned out that he was listed as one of the main participants in the heroic battle, for which he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

By interrogation of DOBROBABIN, it was established that he really was in the Dubosekovo area / there and surrendered to the Germans as a prisoner /, but did not perform any feats and everything that is written about him in the book about the Panfilov heroes, .

It was further established that, in addition to DOBROBABIN, Illarion Romanovich Vasiliev, Grigory Melentievich SHEMYAKIN, Ivan Demidovich SHADRIN and Daniil Alexandrovich KUZHEBERGENOV, who were also on the list of 28 Panfilov soldiers who died in battle with German tanks, survived.

In this regard, it became necessary to check the very circumstances of the battle of 28 guardsmen from the Panfilov division, which took place on November 16, 1941 at the Dubosekovo junction.

The check found:

For the first time, a message about the battle of the guardsmen of the Panfilov division appeared in the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper on November 27, 1941.

Correspondent Koroteev's essay described the heroic battles of the guardsmen of the Panfilov division with enemy tanks, in particular, it was reported about the battle of the 5th company of the N regiment under the command of political instructor Diev with 54 German tanks, during which 18 German tanks were destroyed. It was said about the participants in the battle that "everyone died, but the enemy was not missed."

On November 28, Krasnaya Zvezda published an editorial titled "Testament of 28 Fallen Heroes". The article stated that 29 Panfilov soldiers fought with enemy tanks, one of them lost heart - raised his hands up, for which he was shot by his comrades, and the rest "... laid down their heads - all twenty-eight. They died, but did not let the enemy through. ..".

The editorial was written by the literary secretary of the "Red Star" Krivitsky.

In the essay, Krivitsky confidently, as an eyewitness or a person who heard the story of the participants in the battle, wrote:

"The battle lasted more than four hours. Already fourteen tanks froze motionless on the battlefield. Sergeant Dobrobabin was already killed, the fighter Shemyakin was killed ... Konkin, Shadrin, Timofeev and Trofimov were dead ... Klochkov looked at his comrades with inflamed heads -" Thirty tanks, friends , - he said to the soldiers, - we will all have to die, probably. Russia is great, but there is nowhere to retreat. Behind Moscow ... ". Directly under the muzzle of an enemy machine gun, Kuzhebergenov walks with his arms crossed over his chest and falls dead ...".

All the numerous essays and stories, poems and poems about the 28 Panfilovites, which later appeared in print, were written either by Krivitsky or with his participation and repeat his essay "On 28 Fallen Heroes" in various versions.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of July 21, 1942, at the request of the command of the Western Front, all 28 guardsmen listed in Krivitsky's essay were posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

In May 1942, the Red Army soldier KUZHEBERGENOV Daniil Aleksandrovich was arrested for voluntary surrender to the Germans, who, during the first interrogations, showed that he was the same KUZHEBERGENOV, who is considered to have died among the 28 Panfilov heroes.

Subsequently, KUZHEBERGENOV admitted that he did not participate in the battle near Dubossekov, and gave his testimony on the basis of newspaper reports in which they wrote about him as a Panfilov hero.

At the request of the commander of the 1075th regiment, Colonel KAPROV, instead of KUZHEBERGENOV, Daniil was included in the Decree on the award, allegedly killed in a battle with German tanks near Dubossekov KUZHEBERGENOV Askar.

However, in the lists of 4 and 5 companies s KUZHEBERGENOV Askar is not listed and, therefore, could not be among the "28" Panfilovites.

The materials of the audit, as well as the personal explanations of Koroteev, Krivitsky and the editor of Krasnaya Zvezda Ortenberg, established that the feat, 28 Panfilov guardsmen, covered in the press, is a fiction of the correspondent Koroteev, Ortenberg and especially Krivitsky. This fiction was repeated in the works of writers N. Tikhonov, V. Stavsky, A. Beck, N. Kuznetsov, V. Lipko, Svetlov and others.

The memory of 28 Panfilovites is immortalized by the installation of a monument in the village. Nelidovo, Moscow region A marble obelisk with a memorial plaque has been installed in the Alma-Ata Park of Culture and Leisure; The Federation Park and several streets of the republic's capital are named after them. The names of 28 Panfilovites were assigned to many schools, enterprises and collective farms of the Soviet Union.

I am reporting the above for your consideration.


	(G.Safonov)

Of the living, who were awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union.

1) Dobrobabin - awarded

2) Shadrin - "

3) Vasiliev - unknown

4) Shemyakin - "

C R A V C A - D O C L A D

"About 28 Panfilov"

In November 1947, the Military Prosecutor's Office of the Kharkov garrison arrested and prosecuted for treason to the Motherland Mr. Ivan Evstafievich DOBROBABIN.

The materials of the investigation established that, while at the front, DOBROBABIN voluntarily surrendered to the Germans and in the spring of 1942 entered their service. He served as chief of police in the temporarily occupied by the Germans with. Perekop, Valkovsky district, Kharkiv region. In March 1943, when this area was liberated from the Germans, DOBROBABIN, as a traitor, was arrested by the Soviet authorities, but escaped from custody, again went over to the Germans and again got a job in the German police, continuing active treacherous activities, arrests of Soviet citizens and the direct implementation of the forced sending of young people to hard labor in Germany.

The guilt of DOBROBABIN is fully established and he himself confessed to committing crimes.

During the arrest, a book about "28 Panfilov Heroes" was found at Dobrobabin's, and it turned out that he was one of the main participants in this heroic battle, for which he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

The interrogation of DOBROBABIN established that he really was in the Dubosekovo region, was slightly wounded and captured by the Germans, but did not perform any feats and everything that is written about him in the book about the heroes of Panfilov not true.

Further, it was established that, in addition to DOBROBABIN, Illarion Romanovich Vasiliev, Grigory Melentievich SHEMYAKIN, Ivan Demidovich SHADRIN and Daniil Aleksandrovich KUZHEBERGENOV, who were on the list of 28 Panfilov soldiers who died in battle with German tanks, survived.

Therefore, it became necessary to investigate the very circumstances of the battle of 28 guardsmen from the Panfilov division, which took place on November 16, 1941 at the Dubosekovo junction.

The investigation found:

For the first time, a message about the battle of the guardsmen of the Panfilov division appeared in the newspaper Krasnaya Zvezda on November 27, 1941.

The essay by the front-line correspondent KOROTEEVA described the heroic battles of the guardsmen of the Panfilov division with enemy tanks. In particular, it was reported about the battle of the 5th company of the N regiment under the command of political instructor DIEV with 54 German tanks, in which 18 enemy tanks were destroyed. About the participants in the battle, it was said that "everyone died, but the enemy was not let through."

On November 28, Krasnaya Zvezda published an editorial titled "Testament of 28 Fallen Heroes." This article indicated that 29 Panfilov soldiers fought with enemy tanks.

"More than fifty enemy tanks moved to the lines occupied by twenty-nine Soviet guardsmen from the Panfilov division ... Only one of the twenty-nine was cowardly ... only one raised his hands up ... several guards simultaneously, without saying a word, without a command, fired into a coward and a traitor..."

The editorial was written by the literary secretary of Krasnaya Zvezda, KRIVITSKY. The names of the guardsmen who fought and died in both the first and second articles were not indicated.

In 1942, in the newspaper Krasnaya Zvezda dated January 22, Krivitsky published an essay under the heading "About 28 Fallen Heroes", in which he wrote in detail about the feat of 28 Panfilovites. In this essay, KRIVITSKY confidently, as an eyewitness or a person who heard stories from participants in the battle writes about the personal experiences and behavior of 28 guardsmen, naming their names for the first time:

"Let the army and the country finally know their proud names. In the trenches were: KLOCHKOV Vasily Georgievich, DOBROBABIN Ivan Evstafievich, SHEPETKOV Ivan Alekseevich, KRYUCHKOV Abram Ivanovich, MITIN Gavriil Stepanovich, KASAEV Alikbay, PETRENKO Gregory Alekseevich, ESIBULATOV Narsutbay, KALEINIKOV Dmitry Mitrofanovich , NATAROV Ivan Moiseevich, SHEMYAKIN Grigory Mikhailovich, DUTOV Petr Danilovich, MITCHENKO Nikolai, SHAPOKOV Dushankul, KONKIN Grigory Efimovich, SHADRIN Ivan Demidovich, MOSKALENKO Nikolay, EMTsOV Petr Kuzmich, KUZHEBERGENOV Daniil Aleksandrovich, TIMOFEEV Dmitry Fomich, TROFIMOV Nikolay Ignatovich, Yakov BONDAR, VASILIEV Larion Romanovich, BOLOTOV Nikolay, ROOTless Grigory, SENGIRBAYEV Mustafa, MAKSIMOV Nikolay, Ananiev Nikolay "...

"... The battle lasted more than four hours. Already fourteen tanks froze motionless on the battlefield. Sergeant DOBROBABIN had already been killed, the fighter SHEMYAKIN had been killed ... KONKIN, SHADRIN, TIMOFEEV and TROFIMOV were dead ... With inflamed eyes, KLOCHKOV looked at his comrades - "Thirty tanks, friends,” he said to the fighters, “we will all have to die, probably. Russia is great, but there is nowhere to retreat. Behind Moscow ... "KUZHEBERGENOV walks right under the muzzle of an enemy machine gun, arms folded on his chest, and falls dead" ...

All essays and stories, poems and poems about 28 Panfilov's men, which appeared in print later, were written either by KRIVITSKY or with his participation and in various versions repeat his essay "On 28 Fallen Heroes".

Therefore, in March 1942, N. TIKHONOV wrote the poem "The Tale of 28 Guards", in which he, singing the feat of 28 Panfilov's men, specifically speaks of Daniil KUZHEBERGENOV:

Stands guard near Moscow KUZHEBERGENOV Daniil, I swear on my head, Fight to the last strength! ..

Interrogated about the materials that served him to write the poem, N. TIKHONOV testified:

In essence, the articles of KRIVITSKY served as materials for writing the poem, from which I took the names mentioned in the poem. I didn't have any other material.... In general, everything that is written about the 28 Panfilov heroes comes from KRIVITSKY or is written based on his materials.

In April 1942, after it became known from the newspapers in all military units about the feat of 28 guardsmen from the Panfilov division, at the initiative of the command of the Western Front, a petition was filed with the People's Commissar of Defense to award them Heroes of the Soviet Union. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of July 21, 1942, all 28 guardsmen listed in Krivitsky's essay were posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

In May 1942 A special department of the Western Front was arrested for voluntarily surrendering to the Germans, a Red Army soldier of the 4th company of the 2nd battalion of the 1075th rifle regiment of the 8th Guards named after. Panfilov of the division Daniil Aleksandrovich KUZHEBERGENOV, who, during the first interrogations, showed that he was the same Daniil Alexandrovich KUZHEBERGENOV, who is considered to have died among the 28 Panfilov heroes.

In further testimony, KUZHEBERGENOV admitted that he did not participate in the battle near Dubossekov, and gave his testimony on the basis of newspaper reports in which they wrote about him as a hero who participated in the battle with German tanks, among 28 Panfilov heroes.

Based on the testimony of KUZHEBERGENOV and the materials of the investigation, the commander of the 1075th Infantry Regiment, Colonel KAPROV, reported to the award department of the GUK NPO about the erroneous inclusion of Daniil KUZHEBERGENOV among the 28 guards who died in the battle with German tanks and asked instead to reward Askar KUZHEBERGENOV, who allegedly died in this battle.

Therefore, KUZHEBERGENOV Askar was included in the Decree on awarding.

However, in the lists of the 4th and 5th companies of KUZHEBERGENOV Askar is not listed.

In August 1942, the Military Prosecutor's Office of the Kalinin Front conducted a check against Illarion Romanovich Vasiliev, Grigory Melentievich SHEMYAKIN and Ivan Demidovich SHADRIN, who claimed to receive an award and the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, as participants in the heroic battle of 28 Panfilov guardsmen with German tanks. At the same time, a check in relation to this battle was carried out by the senior instructor of the 4th department of the GlavPURKKA, the senior battalion commissar MININ, who in August 1942 reported to the Head of the Orginspektorsky department of the GlavPURKKA, divisional commissar comrade PRONIN:

The 4th company of the 1075th Infantry Regiment, in which 28 Panfilov Heroes were born, occupied the defense of Nelidovo-Dubosekovo-Petelino. On November 16, 1941, the enemy, having forestalled the offensive of our units, around 8 o'clock in the morning, with large forces of tanks and infantry, went over to the offensive. As a result of battles under the influence of superior enemy forces 1075 rifle regiment suffered heavy losses and withdrew to a new defensive line. For this withdrawal of the regiment, the commander of the regiment KAPROV and the military commissar MUHOMEDYAROV were removed from their positions and reinstated after the division left the fighting and was on rest and understaffing. No one knew about the feat 28 either during the battles or immediately after the battle, and they were not popularized among the masses. The legend of heroically fighting and dying 28 heroes began with an article by O.OGNEVA /"Kazakhstanskaya Pravda" dated 2.4.42/, and then by articles by KRIVITSKY and others."

A survey of local residents found that the battles of the division. Panfilov with German tanks took place in November 1941 on the territory of the Nelidovsky s / council. Moscow region.

In her explanation, the chairman of the Nelidovsky s / council, SMIRNOV, said:

"The battle of the Panfilov division near our village of Nelidovo and the Dubosekovo junction took place on November 16, 1941. During this battle, all our residents, including myself, hid in shelters ... The Germans entered the area of \u200b\u200bour village and the Dubosekovo junction on November 16, 1941 and were beaten off in parts Soviet army December 20, 1941 At that time, there were large snow drifts, which continued until February 1942, due to which we did not collect the corpses of those killed on the battlefield and did not perform funerals. .... In the early days of February 1942. On the battlefield, we found only three corpses, which we buried in a mass grave on the outskirts of our village. And then already in March 1942, when it began to melt, the military units could have taken three more corpses to the fraternal unit, including the corpse of political instructor KLOCHKOV, who was identified by the soldiers. So in the mass grave of the Panfilov heroes, which is located on the outskirts of our village of Nelidovo, 6 fighters of the Soviet Army are buried. No more corpses were found on the territory of the Nelidovsky s/soviet."

Approximately the same was told by other residents of the village of Nelidovo, adding that on the second day after the battle they saw the surviving guardsmen VASILEV and DOBROBABIN.

Thus, it should be considered established that for the first time reports about the feat of 28 Panfilov heroes appeared in the newspaper Krasnaya Zvezda in November 1941. and the authors of these messages were the front-line correspondent KOROTEYEV and the literary secretary of the newspaper KRIVITSKY.

Regarding his correspondence published in the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper of November 27, 1941, KOROTEEV testified:

"About November 23-24, 1941, I, along with a newspaper war correspondent" TVNZ"CHERNYSHEV was at the headquarters of the 16th army ... When we left the headquarters, we met the commissar of the 8th Panfilov division EGOROV, who spoke about the extremely difficult situation at the front and said that our people were fighting heroically in all areas. In particular, Egorov gave an example heroic battle of one company with German tanks, 54 tanks advanced on the line of the company and the company delayed them, destroying some of them.YEGOROV himself was not a participant in the battle, but spoke from the words of the regiment commissar, who also did not participate in the battle with German tanks ... EGOROV recommended write in the newspaper about the heroic battle of the company with enemy tanks, having previously read the political report received from the regiment ... The political report spoke about the battle of the fifth company with enemy tanks and that the company stood "to death" - died, but did not retreat, and only two people turned out to be traitors, raised their hands to surrender to the Germans, but they were destroyed by our soldiers.The report did not say about the number of company soldiers who died in this battle, and their names were mentioned. We did not establish this from conversations with the regiment commander either. It was impossible to get into the regiment, and Egorov did not advise us to try to get into the regiment. Upon arrival in Moscow, I reported the situation to the editor of the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper, ORTENBERG, about the company's battle with enemy tanks. ORTENGBERG asked me how many people were in the company. I answered him that the composition of the company, apparently, was incomplete, about 30-40 people; I also said that two of these people turned out to be traitors... I didn't know that a front line on this subject was being prepared, but ORTENBERG called me up again and asked how many people were in the company. I told him that about 30 people. Thus, the number of 28 people who fought appeared, since out of 30 two turned out to be traitors. ORTENBERG said that it was impossible to write about two traitors, and, apparently after consulting with someone, he decided to write about only one traitor in the front line. November 27, 1941 my short correspondence was published in the newspaper, and on November 28 the editorial "Testaments of 28 Fallen Heroes" written by KRIVITSKY was printed in Krasnaya Zvezda.

Interrogated in the present case, KRIVITSKY testified that when ORTENBERG, the editor of Krasnaya Zvezda, suggested that he write an editorial published in the newspaper of November 28, 1941, ORTENBERG himself named the number of Panfilov guardsmen who fought with enemy tanks - 28. Where did ORTENBERG get this figure, KRIVITSKY does not know, and only on the basis of conversations with ORTENBERG did he write an editorial titled "Testament of 28 Fallen Heroes." When it became known that the place where the battle took place was liberated from the Germans, KRIVITSKY, on behalf of ORTENBERG, went to the Dubosekovo junction. Together with the commander of the regiment KAPROV, commissar MUHAMEDIAROV and the commander of the 4th company GUNDILOVICH, KRIVITSKY went to the battlefield, where they found three corpses of our soldiers under the snow. However, to the question of KRIVITSKY about the names of the fallen heroes, KAPROV could not answer:

"KAPROV did not tell me the names, but instructed MUKHAMEDYAROV and GUNDILOVICH to do this, who compiled a list, taking information from some kind of statement or list. Thus, I got a list of the names of 28 Panfilov soldiers who fell in battle with German tanks at the Dubosekovo junction. Arriving to Moscow, I wrote a basement to the newspaper under the heading "About 28 fallen heroes"; the basement was sent for a visa to the PUR. When talking in the PUR "e with comrade KRAPIVIN, he was interested in where I got the words of political instructor KLOCHKOV, written in my basement: "Russia is great, but there is nowhere to retreat - behind Moscow" - I answered him that I had invented it myself. The basement was placed in the "Red Star" on January 22, 1942. Here I used the stories of GUNDILOVICH, KAPROV, MUKHAMEDIAROV, EGOROV. In terms of sensations and actions, 28 characters are my literary conjecture. I did not talk to any of the wounded or surviving guardsmen. Of the local population, I spoke only with a boy of 14-15 years old, who showed the grave where KLOCHKOV was buried. .... In 1943, from the division where 28 Panfilov heroes were and fought, they sent me a letter of awarding me the title of guardsman. I was only in the division three or four times."

Major General ORTENBERG, confirming the testimony of KOROTEEV and KRIVITSKY on the merits, explained:

"The question of the resilience of Soviet soldiers in that period acquired particular importance. The slogan "Death or Victory", especially in the fight against enemy tanks, was the decisive slogan. The exploits of the Panfilovs were an example of such resilience. Based on this, I suggested that KRIVITSKY write an editorial about heroism of the Panfilovs, which was published in the newspaper on November 28, 1941. According to the correspondent, there were 30 Panfilovs in the company, and two of them tried to surrender to the Germans.Considering it politically inappropriate to show two traitors at once, I left one in the editorial; it is known that the fighters themselves dealt with him.The front line was therefore called "Testament of 28 Fallen Heroes."

The names of the heroes for inclusion in the list at the request of KRIVITSKY were given to him by the company commander GUNDILOVICH.

The last one was killed in action in April 1942. and it was not possible to check on what basis he gave the list.

The former commander of the 1075 Infantry Regiment KAPROV Ilya Vasilyevich, interrogated about the circumstances of the battle of 28 guardsmen from the Panfilov division at the Dubosekovo junction and the circumstances of their presentation for the award, testified:

...There was no battle between 28 Panfilov’s men and German tanks at the Dubosekovo junction on November 15, 1941 - this is a complete fiction. On this day, at the Dubosekovo junction, as part of the 2nd battalion, the 4th company fought with German tanks and really fought heroically. More than 100 people died from the company, and not 28, as they wrote about it in the newspapers. None of the correspondents contacted me during this period; I never told anyone about the battle of 28 Panfilov, and I couldn’t talk, because. there was no such fight.. I did not write any political report on this subject.. I do not know. on the basis of what materials they wrote in newspapers, in particular, in Krasnaya Zvezda about the battle of 28 guardsmen from the Panfilov division. At the end of December 1941, when the division was assigned to the formation, the correspondent of the Krasnaya Zvezda Krivitsky came to my regiment together with representatives of the political department GOLUSHKO and EGOROV. Here I first heard about 28 Panfilov guardsmen. In a conversation with me, KRIVITSKY stated that it was necessary to have 28 Panfilov guardsmen who fought with German tanks. I told him that the whole regiment, and especially the 4th company of the 2nd battalion, fought with German tanks, but I don’t know anything about the battle of 28 guards ... Captain GUNDILOVICH gave names to KRIVITSKY from memory, who talked with him on this topic. There were no documents about the battle of 28 Panfilov soldiers in the regiment and could not be. Nobody asked me for my last name.. Subsequently, after lengthy clarifications of surnames, only in April 1942, from the headquarters of the division, they sent ready-made award lists and a general list of 28 guardsmen to me in the regiment for signature. I signed these sheets for conferring the title of "Hero of the Soviet Union" on 28 guardsmen. Who was the initiator of compiling the list and award lists for 28 guards - I do not know.

Thus, the materials of the investigation established that the feat of 28 Panfilov guardsmen, covered in the press, is a fiction of the correspondent KOROTEEV, the editor of Krasnaya Zvezda ORTENBERG and, in particular, the literary secretary of the newspaper KRIVITSKY. This fiction was repeated in the works of writers N. TIKHONOV, V. STAVSKY, A. BEK, N. KUZNETSOV, V. LIPKO, SVETLOV and others and was widely popularized among the population of the Soviet Union.

The memory of 28 Panfilovites was immortalized by the installation of a monument in the village of Nelidovo, Moscow Region. A marble obelisk with a memorial plaque has been installed in the Alma-Ata Park of Culture and Leisure; The Federation Park and several streets of the republic's capital are named after them. The names of 28 Panfilovites were assigned to many schools, enterprises and collective farms of the Soviet Union.

CHIEF MILITARY PROSECUTOR OF THE USSR AF
LIEUTENANT GENERAL OF JUSTICE

"10 May 1948

(Signature)

N. AFANASIEV

6:30 am Angriffsbeginn. Ab 7:00 Uhr Unterstutzung durch Zerstörer.

6:30 The attack began. From 07:00 _Zerstorer__ support (assault guns, Bf-110?)

7:45 erhält Kampfgruppe 1 Befehl, starke Sicherung mit 5cm Pak und le.F.R. an Strasse nach Istra zu belassen und Minensperren gegen Feindpanzer auszulegen.

7:45 battle group 1 receives the order, increased attention by moving 5cm Pak and le.F.R. on the road to Istra and set minefields against enemy tanks.

8:00 meldet AR74 Morosowa und Schirjajewa durch Kampfgruppe 1 genommen. Feindwiderstand bishergering.
9.13 erreicht Kampfgruppe 1 Petelinki.
9.45 meldet Kampfgruppe 2: Feldstellungen nördlich. Potinky genommen. Sudrand Nikolskoje erreicht. Gegner in Feldstellungen nördlich. Nikolskoje. Greifen weiter an.
10.12 erreicht Kampfgruppe 1 Waldrand 1 km nördl. Petelinki.

13.30 Report to the 5th AC: battle group 1 in battle with the enemy, who is stubbornly defending himself on the outskirts of the forest south of the road, on the line north of Shiryaev - 1.5 km south of Petelniki. Battle Group 2 is advancing 2600 meters north of Nikolsky to be ready to engage the enemy in the forest south of the Bessovka stream. Combat group 3 clears the right echelon (construction, apparently) the space to the west of Nelidovo-Nikolskoye.
Impression: Not too strong enemy defends stubbornly, using forest areas south of the road.
Combat Team 2 reports: Battalion with 2 companies on the attack in front of the line 800 meters south of the road to Yadrovo. Tanks move forward to cover the crossing over the Bessovka creek. From Nikolskaya - a weak opponent.

1320 Battle group 1: Enemy positions in the forest north of Petelniki are breached. The process was slowed down by blockages and mines. Battlegroups 1 and 2 will operate jointly. (?) Tank attack from Bordniki to Peskalovka. Enemy tanks in the forest north of Bordniki. By evening, the attack was repulsed by the 35th Infantry Division, 12 tanks were destroyed. Further messages to battle group 1: 5th TD is being replaced by units of the 11th TD in front of Aleksandrovka (?), and also: on the Popovkin road to Buigorod, mines are laid on the left and right, which bounce when cocked. Message to Battle Group 2: The area between Tsepnoy and Gorki is heavily mined.

14:00 Kampfgruppe 1: Roshdestweno erreicht.

It's already clear here. Christmas - already in the rear of the Soviet positions.