Phraseologism reach the ceiling. Go into yourself the meaning of phraseology
beekeeper's dictionary
Ceiling
Lka, m. The upper inner part of the board and the deck hive.
Glossary of financial terms
Ceiling
the maximum credit limit that, by law, can be granted by the bank to the client.
Thesaurus of Russian business vocabulary
Dictionary of Efremova
Ceiling
- m.
- Maximum lifting height aircraft with a given load.
- trans. unfold Limit, extreme degree of smth.
- local Attic.
Architectural Dictionary
Ceiling
the upper covering of the room, plastered, panel, plank, in medieval buildings - stone or brick.
(Architecture: An Illustrated Guide, 2005)
Phraseological dictionary of the Russian language
Ceiling
Reach your ceiling- to fully realize their abilities, opportunities in something
From the ceiling (take, say etc.) - at random, as it comes to mind, without sufficient reason
Phraseological dictionary (Volkova)
Ceiling
From the ceiling (unfold iron.) - trans. randomly, as it comes to mind, without sufficient reason.
Take information from the ceiling.
Spit on the ceiling- spend time doing nothing.
He lies to himself, but spits at the ceiling. [Original about doing nothing, as an indifferent attitude towards some n. circumstance.]
Kandourov's gentleman, meanwhile, spits at the ceiling that it will be in vain for him..
Yawn at the ceiling (unfold) - get bored doing nothing.
At the patrons to yawn at the ceiling, to be silent, to shuffle, to dine. Griboyedov.
Ozhegov's dictionary
CEILING ABOUT TO, lka, m.
1. Top interior lining. Ceiling lamp. Growing under p. (very high; colloquial).
2. The maximum height of the aircraft (special). Static p. (during a long flight at a steady speed). dynamic p. (achieved after acceleration to high speed).
3. trans. Limit, limiting degree of something. (colloquial). Such a production rate is not yet p.
From the ceiling(take something.) (colloquial disapproval) based on nothing. The numbers are taken from the ceiling.
Hands on hips, eyes on the ceiling(colloquial jest.) in a proud pose, akimbo.
| adj. ceiling, oh, oh (to 1 value).
Dictionary Ushakov
Ceiling
1.
ceiling, ceiling, husband.
1. The upper part, the interior covering of the living space. Room with a low ceiling. Stucco ceilings. Vaulted ceiling.
2. The upper surface of this coating, the space between it and the roof, the attic ( region). Put something on the ceiling.
3. trans. Maximum lift height for an aircraft ( aviation). The plane is near its ceiling.
From the ceiling ( unfold iron.) - trans. randomly, as it comes to mind, without sufficient reason. Take information from the ceiling. Spit on the ceiling - cm.. Yawn at the ceiling - cm. .
2.
ceiling 2, ceiling, ceiling, ceiling. past temp. from, ceiling.
Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron
Ceiling
A horizontal covering that separates one floor from another and the upper floor from the attic. Wooden P. is lightweight and strong, but can burn out. Fireproof P. are made on iron and cast iron beams, but since bare metal beams crack and warp in a strong fire, as a result of which the walls collapse during a fire, they try to protect the beams from the direct action of the flame with an appropriate coating of cement, concrete, gypsum, etc. ., which are also used on the bottom finish of P., to obtain a flat, continuous surface of the coating. A simple wooden fence in rural buildings is made from a continuous row of nakatins (thin logs) lined with moss or tow. To preserve heat, rolling P. is covered with a layer of dry earth, sawdust or moss about 5 cm thick. More perfect P. is made of bars trimmed into 4 edging, that is, ceiling beams laid at some distance from one another. The gaps between the beams are sealed with boards that form a black floor, or a set. The boards support a lubricant made from bad conductors of heat. From below, a filing is made from boards or a layer of plaster, and from above, if necessary, P. is covered with a clean floor. To save money, ceiling beams are sometimes hewn only from two sides, from the bottom and top, leaving part of the sapwood on the sides. The distance between the beams and their dimensions are taken depending on the load falling on the floor (in residential premises 150-250 kg per square meter, depending on their purpose, not counting the own weight of the ceiling, in warehouses and barns 400-760 kg). When building ordinary houses, ceiling beams are placed at an average distance of about a meter (one and a half arshins), while taking into account that they, if possible, do not fall above door and window openings. The ends of the beams laid in the wooden walls are cut into them with a paw or a frying pan. Beams are embedded in brick walls for a length of 0.5 to 1.5 bricks. Metal beams are used mainly I-section (see). Filling the gaps between the beams with gypsum or cement with the help of auxiliary spacers, hooks and bolts is done in a variety of ways, or these gaps are covered with vaults of hollow bricks, cast-iron tiles, etc., the heels of which rest against the lower shelves of the I-beams. Recently, for the installation of ceiling coverings, very diverse ones have come into practice, the so-called. fireproof systems that make up a combination of concrete and iron, for example. iron-cement structures or reinforced concrete (ciment arm é) of the Monnier system (see. ), Gennebik, Cottansen, Bordenave, Neville, Dubois, Melan, Bunche, and others. Sometimes the protruding lower parts of the beams or the gentle surfaces of the intermediate vaults are included in the decoration elements.
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Task number 3
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1. Sashka promised mountains of gold to the whole court, but we did not believe him. We must be more careful about the assurances of the enemy: he will spin three boxes and will not fulfill the promise.
2. The team of shifters is not coping with the task, they will have to be dragged by the ears. Petka-dvoechnik the second quarter in tow with the whole class we take.
3. From the spectacle of the battlefield, the unfortunate hamstrings shook. From strange sounds from the chicken coop, the boys' blood froze in their veins.
5. Tasks that contribute to the development of the skill of the correct use of phraseological units in speech.
These assignments are mainly for high school students.
Task number 1
In Russian, many phraseological units include the names of parts of the human body. Do you know them? Try to insert the missing phraseological units with the word head in the following text.
The word head in a figurative sense means mind, reason, therefore they will say about a stupid person that he is _________, and about a smart person - __________.
There is some kind of head - for example, ___________ (for a muddler), ____________ (for someone who always forgets everything), ______________ (this is when she hurts and completely refuses to think), _________________ (if a person doesn’t give a damn about everything, the sea is knee-deep and the devil himself is not a brother).
The head can do something - ________________ or ______________ (if there are so many things that you don’t know what to take on), ______________ (usually this happens with the person who has been praised - in this case, he loses the ability to think and evaluate his actions soberly ).
You can perform actions over the head - someone else's or your own. If someone's head is _______________, it means that his affairs are bad and he is completely desperate. ___________ usually also has its own head - over something complex, insoluble, _________. You can even ___________ your head if you lose the ability to think. In extreme cases, you can give the head _____________________ if they don’t want to believe you.
Someone else's head is usually ____________ with all sorts of nonsense, or ___________ (often along with the neck, making a severe reprimand), or ____________ (punishing much more severely than in the previous case). If the punishment is foreseen in advance, then you can warn the unfortunate person by telling him as strictly as possible: “Don’t _____________ your head!”.
If someone doesn’t have _____________ in their head or doesn’t have ___________ (that is, the person is simply a little stupid), if the head is completely empty and ____________ is walking in it (as they say about a frivolous person), then he urgently needs to take care of filling it. Thinking is the best way to do this. Thoughts can enter the head _____________, _______________, _________ - depending on their quality.
The head is the place that most often takes the blows of fate. Unexpected news falls like _____________. If something unpleasant suddenly happens, then the person looks like his ____________. There are also completely hopeless situations when even with your head _____________!
Well, are you still not ______ over your head from the abundance of phraseological units?
Missing words (we give them for the convenience of the teacher in the following order): without a head, with a head, garden, full of holes, heavy, tambourine, go around, swell, spin, hang, break, puzzle, lose, cut off, clog, lather, tear , remove, demolish, lack screws, king, wind, come, climb, climb, snow on the head, hit the head with a butt, beat against the wall, grabbed.
Task number 2
Explain the meaning of phraseological units (if necessary, use a dictionary).
At least a stake on your head, have a head on your shoulders, be about two heads, plunge headlong into something, sprinkle ashes on your head, walk on your head, put it upside down, lay down your head.
Task number 3
Let's invite the students to compose a story (a text from some phraseological units). Here is an example of a student from our school doing such a task:
Frozen worm. Went where the eyes look. At least roll a ball. Only Janus is two-faced. They smoked incense, sifted the bones. Eh, this is a tricky one.
He left home for the village to his grandfather. On the hastily added fuel to the fire and began to dance to the tune of the man in the case. After the sleeves, he cut everyone with the same brush. For this he will answer with his head and will sob uncontrollably. Or maybe it will go into its shell. Or he will start sounding the alarm ... He has seven Fridays a week.
And I will take water in my mouth and, without hanging my nose, I will fall into childhood. Reach the ceiling and it's in the bag!
Task number 4
We propose to find and list such names (head, tongue, nose, arm, leg, elbow, etc.) and compose a coherent story, which will include phraseological units containing the same name.
Here are some examples of such stories.
It is interesting that in phraseological units the word nose practically does not reveal its main meaning in any way. The nose is the organ of smell, however, in stable phrases, the nose is associated, first of all, with the idea of something small, short. Remember the fairy tale about Kolobok? When the Fox needed Gingerbread Man to get within her reach, to get closer, she asks him to sit on her nose. This idea of proximity underlies such phraseological units as nose to nose, on the nose (so they say about something that is about to come), under the very nose or from under the very nose, with a gulkin nose (a gulka is a dove , the beak of a dove is small), do not see beyond your own nose, grumble under your breath.
They turn up their noses when they don’t like something, hang them up (together with their heads) if they are very upset, despair, turn up when they are unjustifiably proud of something, boast. If someone is asked to keep his nose out of his own business, then in this way they want to show him that he is too curious, out of place, interfering in what he should not.
The nose is very convenient to drive for it (when they say so, they mean that the owner of this nose is being deceived, fooled), to wipe it (if you managed to surpass someone, then they say that they wiped his nose). To better remember any information, it needs to be hacked on the nose.
However, the word nose does not always mean the organ of smell. It also has other meanings. You will read about some of them in a special chapter, the title of which contains another phraseological unit - Do not stay with your nose!
There are a fairly large number of set expressions with the word tooth in Russian. Among them, a group of phraseological units is noticeable, in which teeth act as a kind of instrument of defense or attack, a threat. If someone is plotting a sortie against his enemy, wants to harm him, then they say that he sharpens or has a grudge against him. It is dangerous to attack a man armed to the teeth, because he can give a fitting rebuff, or, in other words, be too tough for the attacker. However, if you speak his teeth, divert his attention, then he will be able to defeat him. Showing your teeth means demonstrating your evil nature, your desire to be at enmity.
The word tooth is also used in phraseological units denoting various deplorable states of a person. If he is very cold, then they say that his tooth does not fall on the tooth. When there is no food left in the house, then the teeth can be put on the shelf - they will not be useful anyway, since there is nothing to chew on. However, you can do it differently - bite the bullet and, without losing heart, without despair, start fighting with fate.
The word ear is included in phraseological units, one way or another connected with hearing. To listen with all ears means to listen attentively; expressions to listen half-heartedly or with the edge of the ear have the opposite meaning.
If a person is tensely waiting for danger, they say that he keeps his eyes open. Vostry is the old form of the word acute. Have you noticed that dogs raise their ears when they listen? The ears take on a pointed shape. From here arose the phraseological unit to prick up the ears. However, you can hang your ears - that's what they say about a person who listens to someone too trustingly.
Harsh words act primarily on the ears. They cut the ears, the ears wither from them. Therefore, it is necessary to spare the ears of other people in every possible way and not to use rude, harsh expressions in speech.
You have noticed, of course, that many set expressions the word ears rather means not the organ of hearing, but only its outer part (it is for these ears that they drag, congratulating on their birthday). They say about a person who will never get what he wants, that he will not see it as his ears. (Interestingly, can you see your ears? Using a mirror in this case is not allowed!) A person is completely immersed in something if he is completely absorbed in some activity. You can also be deeply in debt - if there are a lot of debts. When a person is very embarrassed, they say that he blushed to the ears.
The preparation of the above stories can be a serious work on the development of speech: after all, you need not only to find phraseological units and find out their meanings, but also to successfully connect them together into an entertaining story.
Conclusion
As a result of this work, we deepened our theoretical knowledge of phraseology, learned that the world of phraseological units is unusually diverse, and therefore there are different points of view of scientists on the definition of phraseological units and their classification. We also found out how phraseological units correlate with other language units. It turned out that phraseological units and words have the most common features.
The most interesting thing in our work was the compilation of a dictionary of the meanings of phraseological units and the history of their occurrence. By doing this part of the work, we replenished our knowledge not only in vocabulary and phraseology, but also learned a lot of new things from the history and culture of our country, because the history of the language and the history of the people are inseparable.
Developing and selecting practical tasks for schoolchildren, we ourselves practiced the ability to find phraseological units in the text, make synonymous and antonymic series, and also come up with entertaining texts from phraseological units. We hope that these tasks will be used by teachers and students.
In general, carry out this work it was interesting and exciting.
List of used literature
1. Vinogradov V.V. Russian language. M. Nauka, 1972.
2. Repkin V.V., E.V. Vostrogova, I.G. Markidonova, T.V. Nekrasov. Russian language. Grade 5 Book 2. Vocabulary. M. 2005.
3. Repkin V.V., E.V. Vostrogova, I.G. Markidonova, T.V. Nekrasov. Workbook in Russian No. 2. Grade 5. M. 2005
4. Russian phraseology: textbook. allowance. 2nd ed., rev. and additional / V.P. Zhukov, A.V. Zhukov. M.: high school, 2006.
5. Russian language: Proc. for 5 cells. general education institutions / M. M. Razumovskaya, S. I. Lvova, V. I. Kapinos and others; Ed. M. M. Razumovskaya, P. A. Lekant. - 6th ed., stereotype.
6. Russian language: A guide for applicants to universities. - 2nd ed., add. and reworked.
7. Dictionary popular expressions. - Tula: 000 "Rodnichok Publishing House".
8. Educational phraseological dictionary of the Russian language: approx. 2000 units / A. N. Tikhonov, N. A. Kovaleva.
9. Shansky N.M. "In the World of Words" M .: "Enlightenment", 1978.
10. Shansky N.M. Phraseology of the modern Russian language. Moscow: Higher school, 1985.
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Phraseologisms
and their use
Vocabulary
Job
Stable phrases that have a certain lexical meaning, a constant component composition or the presence of a grammatical category that are not created in the process of speech, but are reproduced, retrieved from memory. For example: soap your neck, freeze a worm, sound the alarm, etc.
Phraseological
turnover -
This is a branch of linguistics that studies stable phrases, as well as the composition of phraseological units and stable combinations of a language.
Phraseological units
phraseological
phraseological
adhesions
combinations.
phraseological
unity
Phraseological unions –
these are absolutely indivisible phraseological units, the meaning of which is completely independent of the words that make up the phraseological unit. For example: to beat the buckets, how to give a drink.
Phraseological units, as well as phraseological fusions, are semantically indivisible, but in them the integral meaning, most often the opposite, is motivated by the meaning of the constituent words. For example: fly into the pipe, throw a fishing rod.
Phraseological combinations –
these are such turns, the integral meaning of which follows from their meanings of the words that make up the phraseological unit. For example, to win, pitch hell.
Expressions of works of oral folk art -
professional expressions –
fairy tale about white bull, bulk apple, By pike command.
pull the strap, cut one size fits all, leave the stage, reach the ceiling;
Church literature -
trumpet of Jericho, stumbling block, lost sheep.
Scientific and artistic
literature -
Ancient mythology -
a living corpse, the power of darkness, the fruits of enlightenment, a man in a case, a noble nest.
Achilles' heel, apple of discord, sword of Damocles, Ariadne's thread.
Phraseologisms according to their origin are classified into:
- native Russians;
- borrowed from Old Church Slavonic;
- borrowed from other languages.
Phraseologisms have their own characteristics:
1) The complexity of the composition.
2) Semantic indivisibility.
3) The constancy of the composition.
4) The impermeability of the structure.
5) Stability of the grammatical form of the components.
6) Fixed word order.
"Kill two birds with one stone"
"chasing after
two hares"
Live happily -
live without worries, without problems.
Kill yourself on the nose -
Remember.
To share the skin of an unkilled bear -
to argue, to share what they have not yet been able to obtain (achieve).
White crow -
It means to be different from everyone else, to stand out from the rest.
Muddy the water -
to confuse, deliberately confuse something clear.
Lie from three boxes -
a lot to say, to promise.
Sit in a puddle -
put yourself in a ridiculous, stupid position.
One leg here, the other there
run very fast, go somewhere.
Ariadnina
Barrel
Trojan
A thread
Damocles
Homeric
Stocking
Prometheev
Work
Laughter
Blue
Fire
Mamaevo
Horse
Diogenov
Sisyphean
carnage
1. Our class successfully completed the semester, having done Sisyphean labor.
(Sisyphean labor is useless, therefore phraseologism cannot be used in cases where we are talking about success.)
2. Praises were offered to him.
(Mixed parts of two phraseological units: burn incense and sing praises.)
3. We keep up with our time.
(Violation of the integrity of the phraseological unit: insertion into the phraseological unit “in step with the times the word “own”.)
4. The solution of the problem led to a dead end.
(Violation of the reproducibility of the phraseological turnover "has reached a dead end".)
5. We didn't manage to get revenge on a team from another school.
(A mixture of two phraseological units: to win and take revenge.)
6. The idea burst like a house of cards.
(A mixture of two phraseological turns: “scatter like a house of cards” and “burst like a soap bubble.”)
7. He worked with his sleeves down.
(Violation of the integrity of the phraseological turnover "to work carelessly".)
1. What are phraseological units?
2. Name the categories of phraseological units.
3. Find phraseology:
A) hide your nose
b) wash your nose
B) hang your nose
D) break your nose
4. Find phraseology:
A) how arshin ate
B) swallowed a rake
B) swallowed a fathom
D) how arshin swallowed
5. The antonym for the phraseologism "To beat the buckets" is:
A) to work
B) offend
B) mess around
D) play a musical instrument
6. Find phraseological synonyms:
A) the cat cried
B) play dumb
B) Seven spans in the forehead
D) head in the clouds
1) Take water in your mouth
2) Mind chamber
3) Build castles in the air
4) Nothing at all
7. Indicate the sentence with the phraseological unit:
A) And now he is either alive or dead.
B) Who of them is alive, who is dead - is unknown.
C) Whether he is now dead or alive - submit him here!
D) So he stood, neither alive nor dead, until sunset.
8. Complete the phraseological unit "box ...":
A) with gold
B) Pandora
B) Ariadne
Homework:
think up and write down a story that could be titled by one of the following phraseological units:
1. A drop wears away a stone.
2. Wolf in sheep's clothing.
3. Disservice.
Please explain the meaning of the following idioms... see explanations and got a better answer
Answer from Prickly Thistle[guru]
The Massacre of the Innocents is an episode of New Testament history described in the Gospel of Matthew. In a figurative sense, the phrase means excessive cruelty towards the defenseless.
Living corpse - According to Fedor Protasov, the main novel of the same name by Leo Tolstoy, the surrounding life is riddled with dirt and falsehood. He does not want to participate "in all this dirty tricks", he does not have the courage to fight it, and he chooses the third way: forget himself, drink, walk with gypsies. In a figurative sense, it means a person who is not interested in anything, going with the flow, apathetic.
Noble Nest - the name of Turgenev's novel, in a figurative sense - the father's house, family estate.
Man in a case - This is how it is said about people who are separated from the world, live as if in their "case", afraid of the outside world and all its cruelty. "The Man in the Case" is a work by Chekhov.
A million torments "- a critical article by the famous Russian writer Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov. Written in 1872 and dedicated to A. S. Griboyedov's comedy "Woe from Wit". The very title of the article comes from Chatsky's phrase from Woe from Wit. In a figurative sense - numerous, but empty chores.
The Last of the Mohicans" (eng. The Last of the Mohicans) is a historical novel by American writer James Fenimore Cooper, first published in 1826. In a figurative sense - an endangered, disappearing type (of people).
A very common use of the concept of "specific gravity" - some component of the whole, as the ratio of the magnitude of this component to the magnitude of the whole - is nothing more than figurative meaning physical term.
Sound the alarm - call to pay attention to something.
To withdraw into oneself - to isolate oneself from the world and society, not to communicate with anyone, to retire.
Go into your shell - the same thing, see above.
The first glove is the champion, the best, the invincible.
Give oak - die, die. From the 10th century, the Slavs wrapped the dead in birch bark, and from about the 12th century they began to bury the dead in dugout oak logs - stupas (hence the expression “give oak” or “give oak ahead of time”, that is, to die).
Giving oak is rude. simple. die. There are two versions of the origin of this expression. 1) The turnover arose on Russian soil and is associated with the verb zadubet - "to cool down, lose sensitivity, become hard." 2) The expression originated in the south of Russia. It can be assumed that the dead were buried under the oak, and perhaps the image of the turnover is different. It is only curious that the tree - a symbol of longevity - began to be used to denote death.
Reach the ceiling - do your best, reach the top (one's own). Exhaust all possibilities.
Answer from Natalya Kozhevnikova[newbie]
MASSACRE OF THE INNOCENTS. Iron. Brutal massacre of innocent, defenseless people; applying excessively strict measures to many people.
LIVING DEAD. About a man decrepit physically and devastated spiritually.
NOBLE NEST. Obsolete About the noble family, the estate.
MAN IN A CASE. Iron. (Man) living by his own narrow interests; fenced off from people, from life; stagnant and closed.
SPECIFIC WEIGHT of whom, what. Relative value, role.
SHAKE THE ALARM. Razg. Express. To pay everyone's attention to the threatening danger, trying to warn it, calling for the fight against it.
GIVE OAK. Prost. Die.
REACH THE CEILING. Razg. Exhaust all possibilities.
THE LAST OF THE MOKIGAN. an extinct tribe of North American Indians.
GO INTO YOUR SHELL. close up
Reach the ceiling Exhaust all possibilities. Many actresses are natural, truthful, but ... have already reached their ceiling, everything that follows is on the corners(T. Alexandrova. Natalya Gundareva: in makeup and without makeup).
Phraseological dictionary of Russian literary language. - M.: Astrel, AST. A. I. Fedorov. 2008 .
See what "Reach the Ceiling" is in other dictionaries:
Razg. Exhaust all possibilities. Many actresses are natural, truthful, but ... have already reached their ceiling, everything that follows is on the corners (T. Aleksandrova. Natalya Gundareva: in makeup and without makeup) ... Phraseological dictionary of the Russian literary language
maximum- ▲ limit upper maximum upper limit of variable change; the largest (to reach the maximum). the biggest. the biggest. peak highest point. peak (# load). peak hour. top (# perfection). ceiling (# of possibilities.… … Ideographic Dictionary of the Russian Language
spurge cudgel - General form plants ... Wikipedia
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