Pavel Osipovich, creator of supersonic aviation. Prominent Soviet aircraft designer dry pavel osipovich

14.11.2019

Prominent Sovietaircraft designer, doctor of technical sciences, one of the founders of the Soviet jet and supersonic aviation. Today Su aircrafts are known all over the world. The designer of these aircraft - Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi - was always aimed at the future. In many ways, this was the key to the success of his machines. But the path to global recognition of the aircraft of the Sukhoi Design Bureau was not easy. The team of Pavel Osipovich fully experienced both the joy of victories and the bitterness of defeats. But to this day, the aircraft of this famous design bureau form the basis of Russian aviation - attack aircraft Su-25, front-line bombers Su-24 and Su-34, the legendary fighter Su-27. Sukhoi Pavel Osipovich (1895-1975). Aircraft designer. Twice Hero of Socialist Labor, General Designer since 1956.

Pavel Osipovich Dry was born on July 22 (July 10, according to the old style), 1895 in the village of Glubokoe, Vilna province (now the city of Glubokoe, Vitebsk region, Belarus) in the family of a rural teacher. The boy read a lot from early childhood. In 1914, the young man graduated from high school with silver medal. Pavel got interested in aviation early.

After graduating from the gymnasium in 1914, Pavel Sukhoi continued his studies at the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of Moscow University, began to attend lectures on the theory of aviation, which were read by Professor Nikolai Zhukovsky at the Imperial Moscow Technical School (IMTU, now Moscow State Technical University named after N.E. Bauman ). In 1915, at the end of his first year, he transferred to study at IMTU and became a member of the aeronautical circle created at the school by Nikolai Zhukovsky.

In 1916 During the First World War, Pavel Sukhoi was drafted into the army, graduated from the Petrograd ensign school.

From August 1916 he served in a reserve regiment in Yekaterinburg. In 1917, he participated in the First World War on the North-Western Front, first as a junior officer, from October 1917 as head of the machine-gun team of an infantry regiment. In March 1918 he was demobilized.

In 1918-1920 he worked as a secondary school teacher in the Belarusian cities of Luninets and Gomel, as an instructor of industrial cooperation in the Gomel district union.

In 1920 he resumed his studies at the Moscow Technical School. Simultaneously with his studies, since 1924, Pavel Sukhoi worked as a draftsman at the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (TsAGI). In the certificate of graduation from the Moscow Higher technical school the following is written:

After graduating from college in 1925, he worked as a design engineer in the AGOS department (aviation, hydroaviation and experimental construction) as part of TsAGI, which later became the basis of Andrey Tupolev's design bureau. Participated in the development of aircraft Tupolev I-4 (ANT-5), I-14 (ANT-31) and others.

Since October 1930, he was the head of the AGOS brigade, went on long business trips to aircraft factories in Germany and Italy.

Since May 1932 - head of the joint brigade No. 3 of the Design Department of the Experimental Construction Sector (KOSOS) of TsAGI.

In the same year, Pavel Sukhoi was appointed responsible manager for the design and construction of the RD aircraft ("range record" - ANT-25). In 1934, this aircraft set a world record for the range and duration of a flight along a closed route.

On the basis of the RD, the Sukhoi brigade designed a single-engine bomber DB-1, and then twin-engine DB-2, on the civilian version of which (“Motherland”), the female crew of Valentina Grizodubova, Polina Osipenko and Marina Raskova made a record long-range flight.

From 1936 to 1939, Pavel Sukhoi was the head of the design department - deputy chief designer of the aviation plant No. 156 (Moscow).

He took part in the competitive development of the Ivanov aircraft (the short-range bomber BB-1, since 1940 - Su-2).

For implementation BB-1 in a series, by a government decree of July 29, 1939, Pavel Sukhoi was appointed chief designer.

Together with the design bureau team, which received the status of an independent one, he was transferred to the serial aircraft plant No. 135 in Kharkov.

April 1940 to 1949- chief designer of aircraft plant No. 289, on the basis of the design bureau of which the Design Bureau of P.O. Dry (now - Sukhoi Design Bureau, a branch of the Public Joint Stock Company "Company" Sukhoi "), simultaneously from November 1940 - the director of this plant.

In 1942-1943, an armored attack aircraft was created under his leadership. Su-6.

Since 1949, after his design bureau was disbanded, Pavel Sukhoi served as deputy chief designer in the design bureau of Andrei Tupolev.

Since 1953 - the chief designer of the newly recreated design bureau, since 1956 - the general designer. Under his leadership, a number of serial combat vehicles were developed, including a fighter Su-7 with a flight speed twice the speed of sound, interceptor fighters Su-9, Su-11, Su-15, fighter-bombers Su-7B with ski and wheel-ski chassis for basing on unpaved airfields and Su-17 with variable wing sweep in flight, Su-24 front-line bomber, Su-25 attack aircraft and other aircraft.

In 1972 (long before the leaders of other aviation design bureaus), Pavel Osipovich turned to the Computing Center of the USSR Academy of Sciences with a request for assistance in automating the design process of his products. In response to his appeal, a group of researchers and programmers was created, which managed to develop and implement the first stage of the corresponding CAD in a few years.

Sukhoi aircraft

Aircraft that are called "Dry" + number; in the Soviet and since 1991 - in the Russian aircraft industry, the abbreviation "Su" has been adopted; Two series of experimental, experimental and serial aircraft; in the first series - equipped with piston aircraft engines and a pulling screw, after World War II - equipped with jet engines; in the second series - the mover is different types jet engines; aircraft of the Sukhoi Design Bureau, which bear a surname in memory of the founder and first head of the design bureau, Pavel Sukhoi.

He was a talented aircraft designer Pavel Osipovich Dry. Created under his leadership over 50 aircraft designs, many of which were distinguished by high flight performance and combat characteristics:

Fighter developer I-4"(1926-1927)," I-14» (1932-1934).
Aircraft "RD" (" ANT-25"), "Motherland" (" ANT-37«).
Multi-purpose aircraft of its design ( Su-2) was successfully used during the Great Patriotic War.

In 1942-1943 he created an armored attack aircraft Su-6.
Sukhoi is also one of the founders of Soviet jet and supersonic aviation. V post-war years jet aircraft were developed in the design bureau under his leadership Su-9, Su-11, Su-12, Su-15 and etc.
Under his leadership, a number of serial combat vehicles were developed, including a fighter Su-7 flying at twice the speed of sound.

1949 The project of the first supersonic attack aircraft Su-14
In 1955-1956 - supersonic jet aircraft with swept and delta wing fighter-bombers Su-7B with ski and wheel-ski chassis for basing on unpaved airfields and Su-17 with variable wing sweep in flight.

frontline bomber Su-24.
Stormtrooper Su-25.
On experimental aircraft T-431" and " T-405» Designed by Sukhoi, 2 world altitude records (1959 and 1962) and 2 world closed flight speed records (1960 and 1962) were set.

carrier-based fighter Su-33.
Multirole fighter Su-27, Su-30, Su-35, Su-37.

Light sport aircraft Su-26, Su-29, Su-31.
Stealth multirole fighter Su-57.
frontline bomber Su-34.

Stormtrooper Su-39.
Passenger aircraft of local airlines Su-80.
Medium range passenger aircraft SSJ
Record aircraft P-42.
carrier-based fighter Su-47

T-60- the project is closed.
KR-860 "Wings of Russia"- a project of a double-deck wide-body aircraft of the Sukhoi Design Bureau. It was developed in passenger and cargo-passenger versions.
Supersonic business jet SSBJ- project.

In the coming years, to replace the front-line bomber Su-24M a multifunctional bomber that has no analogues in the world will come Su-34. Its main purpose is to defeat pinpoint heavily protected targets at any time of the day and in any weather conditions.

Under the leadership of Sukhoi, for the first time, a detachable (with the help of a powder catapult) forward fuselage with a pressurized pilot's cabin, air bypass flaps with a two-sided deviation, ensuring stable operation of the engine in all flight modes, side sector supersonic adjustable air intakes were created for the first time; aircraft control system on irreversible boosters. On an experimental plane T-4, designed for a flight speed three times the speed of sound, for the first time in the USSR, titanium and high-strength stainless steel were widely used, and also used in the first fly-by-wire aircraft control system. Under the leadership of Sukhoi, the development of a highly maneuverable Su-27 fighter with an integral aerodynamic layout began, which was successfully demonstrated at many international aviation exhibitions in the 80s.

Milestones in the history of the Sukhoi Design Bureau

On September 8, 1939, the Design Bureau was organized under the leadership of P. O. Sukhoi. The BB-1 bomber was improved. The Design Bureau received the task of developing a high-altitude fighter-interceptor. But some shortcomings prevented the aircraft from going into production. In 1941, the Design Bureau was working on the Su-6 attack aircraft. In 1945, design bureaus were engaged in the design of a powerful long-range attack aircraft Su-8.
In 1945, the Sukhoi Design Bureau was working on the Su-5 and Su-6 fighters. These aircraft were supposed to reach speeds of 800 km/h. In 1947, Sukhoi and his collaborators developed an artillery spotter. The jet age had begun. Work on the first Su-9 jet aircraft was started by Pavel Osipovich in 1945. A year later, the aircraft took off. The aircraft designer started developing the Su-11 with the first domestic TR-1 turbojet engine.
May 28, 1947 Su-11 took off for the first time. The flight was successful. Subsequently, Sukhoi worked on the Su-15 and Su-17 interceptor fighters. In 1949, Sukhoi was asked to design rocket weapons, but he turned down the offer.

In 1953, Sukhoi was asked to create a design bureau. The engineer proposed to develop a front-line fighter and an interceptor fighter, in 1954 the draft design was accepted by the mock-up commission, in the same year the drawings were transferred to production. In September 1955, the plane took off. The speed of the aircraft was increased to 2070 km / h. This was an excellent result.

In 1955, the chief designer Sukhoi was awarded the order Lenin. A year later he was awarded the title general designer aviation technology.
In the fall of 1956, state tests of the Su-7 fighter began. In the same year, the aircraft was put into production.
In the late 1950s designers were ordered to build an aircraft that combines the qualities of a bomber, fighter and attack aircraft. As a result, the Su-7B fighter-bomber appeared; it was developed on the basis of the Su-7. This model was recommended for armament of the Air Force.

The Sukhoi Design Bureau was working on an interceptor fighter with a delta wing. In 1956, the plane took off. He was distinguished by extraordinary ease of control. For the creation of the Su-7B front-line fighter and the Su-9 interceptor, P. O. Sukhoi was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor in 1957.
In 1962, Sukhoi and a group of employees began designing an experimental supersonic bomber-missile carrier T-4 (Su-106). In the 1960s Sukhoi was already thinking about the possibility of automating design work thanks to computers. He turned to specialists to develop a system that would reduce multi-month settlements to a few days.

In 1975, work began on the design of the Su-25 Sturmovik. The plane took to the skies only after the death of the aircraft designer. In December 1975, the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences awarded medal No. 1 to them. A. N. Tupoleva Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi posthumously.

Lived and worked in Moscow. V last years the consequences of pulmonary tuberculosis suffered at the front worsened, due to which it was necessary to use an oxygen cylinder. Died September 15, 1975 in the sanatorium Barvikha near Moscow. He was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.

In 1977, a monument to P. O. Sukhoi was opened in Gomel - a bronze bust on a pedestal.
In the city of Gomel, a street is named after Pavel Sukhoi.
The Pavel Sukhoi Museum was established in 1985 in his homeland in the city of Glubokoe in high school № 1.
In 1987, a street in Vitebsk was named after Pavel Sukhoi.
In 1995, the name of the aviation engineer and designer Pavel Sukhoi was given to the Gomel State technical university(GGTU).

A memorial plaque was installed in Moscow at the address: Leninsky Prospekt, Building 7, where P. O. Sukhoi lived from 1947 to 1965.
In 2004, a street in Moscow was named after Pavel Osipovich.
In 2012, his name was given to secondary school No. 1 of the city of Glubokoe.
In the city of Glubokoye, in memory of Pavel Sukhoi, one of the combat aircraft of the Design Bureau of P. O. Sukhoi was installed on a pedestal.
In the city of Krichev, in memory of Pavel Sukhoi, a combat aircraft was installed on a pedestal in the city park - a single-engine all-weather jet fighter-interceptor Su-9. The aircraft belonged to the 28th Fighter Regiment of the USSR Air Force, Krichevsky base area, Belarusian Military District.
In 1995, a postage stamp with a portrait of Pavel Sukhoi was issued in Belarus; also released a series postage stamps with the image of aircraft created at the Design Bureau, which was led by P. O. Sukhoi.

Experimental Design Bureau. P.I. Sukhoi

The history of the Open Joint Stock Company "OKB Sukhoi" originates from the brigade No. 4 of the AGOS TsAGI, which in October 1930. headed by P.O. Dry. It was from this moment that the formation of the design team of the future OKB began.

In the next nine years, this team created:

experienced fighters - I-3, I-14, DIP;
record RD aircraft, on which the crews of V.P. Chkalov and M.M. Gromov made a number of outstanding flights, and the crew of M.M. Gromova set an absolute world record for straight-line flight distance - 10148 km, covering this distance in 62 hours 17 minutes;
long-range bomber DB-2, on a modified version of this aircraft - "Rodina" female crew V.S. Grizodubova made a non-stop flight from Moscow to the Far East;
multi-purpose aircraft BB-1 (since 1940 - Su-2<), который первым из «семейства Сухих» строился большой серией (910 самолетов) и в вариантах ближнего бомбардировщика и артиллерийского разведчика-корректировщика принимал активное участие в Великой Отечественной войне.

To introduce the BB-1 into the series, by a government decree of July 29, 1939, P.O. Sukhoi is appointed Chief Designer. He, together with the design bureau team, which received the status of an independent one, is transferred to the serial aircraft plant No. 135 in Kharkov.

modifications of the Su-2 aircraft;
experienced armored attack aircraft Su-6 in single and double versions, for which in 1943, P.O. Sukhoi was awarded the Stalin Prize, 1st class;
experienced cannon fighter Su-1 (Su-3);
an experienced long-range two-seat armored attack aircraft Su-8;
experimental Su-5 and Su-7 fighters with combined power plants.

jet fighters Su-9, Su-11, Su-15, Su-17 (the first with these names);
jet bomber Su-10;
twin-engine piston reconnaissance spotter Su-12.

On the basis of the Tu-2 bomber, the UTB-2 training bomber is being created and put into serial production, in addition, passenger and air cargo aircraft, the Su-14 jet attack aircraft and a number of other aircraft are being designed.

booster aircraft control system;
braking landing parachute;
ejection seat with telescopic trolley;
detachable forward fuselage with pressurized cabin.

In November 1949, by decision of the government, the Design Bureau was liquidated and restored again only in May 1953, but already on a new production base. The "second birth" of the Design Bureau coincided in time with the advent of supersonic jet aviation. Therefore, the main directions in the work of the design team at the initial stage were the supersonic S-1 and T-3 fighters. On the basis of the S-1, a family of Su-7, Su-17 fighter-bombers and more than 20 of their modifications is being created, moreover, the Su-17 became the first aircraft in the USSR with a variable sweep wing. The experimental T-3 served as the basis for the first domestic aviation missile system for intercepting Su-9-51 targets and the Su-11-8M and Su-15-98(M) complexes created later. In the 1960s, the list of equipment developed at the design bureau was expanding. Since 1962, work has been underway to create a long-range strike and reconnaissance complex T-4, the first flight of an experimental vehicle took place on August 22, 1972. For the first time in our country, this aircraft was equipped with an electric remote control system and an autothrottle, and the airframe was made of welded titanium and high-strength steel.

In 1969, the Su-24 front-line bomber with a variable sweep wing, the first domestic all-weather strike aircraft, took off. The Su-2 was mass-produced and had several modifications. It is currently in service with the Air Force of the Russian Federation and a number of other countries.
In 1975, the Su-25 armored attack aircraft, designed to destroy targets on the battlefield, made its first flight. The Su-25 is the first domestic serial jet attack aircraft, has several modifications and currently forms the basis of the Russian army aviation.
In 1969, the Design Bureau began to develop a fourth-generation fighter, and in 1977 the prototype of the Su-27 fighter made its first flight. In subsequent years, on the basis of the Su-27, the following were created: Su-27UB, Su-30, Su-32, Su-33.

To implement the developments in design solutions, the development of new materials and technological processes, an experimental Su-47 aircraft is being created (first flight in 1997).

The experience in the creation of aviation equipment, accumulated by the OKB team over many decades, made it possible to create a family of aerobatic aircraft Su-26, Su-29, Su-31. Speaking on these machines, the USSR and Russian national aerobatics team won 156 gold medals at the World and European Championships, and a total of 330 medals.

In the early 90s, the Design Bureau launched work on civilian topics; in 2001, the Su-80GP cargo-passenger aircraft and the Su-38L agricultural aircraft made their first flights.

Sukhoi Civil Aircraft CJSC is currently developing the Sukhoi Superjet 100 family of regional aircraft.

Over the years, the team was headed by P.O. Sukhoi, E.A. Ivanov, M.P. Simonov, from 1999 to July 30, 2007, the General Director was M.A. Pogosyan. On July 31, 2007, Igor Yakovlevich Ozar, who had previously held the positions of Deputy General Director for Economics and Finance - Financial Director of Sukhoi Design Bureau, was appointed Executive Director of Sukhoi Design Bureau.
On June 30, 2011, the Board of Directors of JSC Sukhoi Company appointed I.Ya. Ozar as General Director of JSC Sukhoi Company.

Over many decades, the OKB team has created about 100 types of aircraft and their modifications, of which more than 60 types were mass-produced, and the total number of serially produced aircraft exceeds 10,000 copies. Over 2,000 aircraft have been delivered to 30 countries around the world. More than 50 world records have been set on Su aircraft.

JSC "Company" Sukhoi "completed all stages of the reorganization in the form of the merger of three subsidiaries - JSC" Sukhoi Design Bureau ", JSC" KnAAPO im. Yu.A. Gagarin" and OJSC "NAPO im. V.P. Chkalov” and received a notice of termination from January 1, 2013 of the activities of the listed companies as independent legal entities. The structure of a single legal entity now includes, as branches, the Novosibirsk Aviation Plant. V.P. Chkalov, Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aviation Plant. Yu.A. Gagarin, Sukhoi Design Bureau, as well as the company's representative offices in the Republic of India, Vietnam and China.

Consolidation of the business and the transition to a project-functional organizational structure of management of a single legal entity guarantees Sukhoi's long-term strategic development. The creation of a single legal entity will make it possible to form a full-fledged vertically integrated company, optimize the corporate structure for increasing production efficiency, and form a single center for making operational decisions in areas of activity. Centralized management of investment decisions will maximize the return on investment, improve the quality of corporate governance. Costs will be reduced by reducing the cost of transactions between structural units of the Company, and the number of employees of the company will be optimized. Internal production cooperation will develop more actively, the efficiency of interaction with subcontractors will increase, which will favorably affect the cost of production and the timing of orders for the production and supply of aircraft. The implementation of science-intensive, long-term R&D in the field of military and civil aviation will become more efficient.

The creation of a single Sukhoi company on a global scale will give a new impetus to the development of not only its production potential, but also the Russian aircraft industry as a whole, and will allow domestic military and civil aviation to take its rightful place in the world market. The United Aircraft Corporation (UAC), which included Sukhoi, received a single contractor for the entire range of products and services, which significantly improved the planning and execution of state defense orders and the production of civil aviation equipment.

The present and future of OKB im. P.I. Sukhoi

Public Joint Stock Company "Company" Sukhoi "

Abbreviated name: PJSC Sukhoi Company

Management:

General Director of PJSC - Ozar Igor Yakovlevich
Chairman of the Board of Directors - Slyusar Yury Borisovich

Shareholders of PJSC "Company" Sukhoi ":

PJSC "UAC" (81.25% of shares)
Vnesheconombank (17.29% of shares)
JSC RAC MiG (0.71% of shares)
Federal Property Management Agency (0.30% of shares)

Field of activity:

Performing a full cycle of work in the aircraft industry - from design to after-sales service. The holding includes leading Russian design bureaus and serial aircraft manufacturing plants:

Current projects:

Fifth generation program: The main program in this area was the project to create a promising multifunctional fighter;
Su-30MK2;
By order of the Chinese Air Force, work is underway to modernize the Su-30MK multipurpose fighter equipped with a new weapon system;
Su-32 - export version of the Su-34;
Su-33;
Su-35;
Sukhoi civil programs: Sukhoi Company is working to diversify its production activities. The largest civil program of the company is the family of regional passenger aircraft Sukhoi Superjet 100 (SSJ)

« Novosibirsk aviation plant (NAZ) them. V.P. Chkalov":

Management:

Deputy General Director - Director of the branch of PJSC "Company "Sukhoi" "Novosibirsk Aviation Plant named after V.I. V.P. Chkalov" - Sergey Alexandrovich Smirnov

Field of activity:

Serial production of military and civil aircraft

Projects of recent years:

Production of the Su-34 fighter-bomber;
Participation in the SSJ advanced regional aircraft program;
Participation in the program for the creation of a 5th generation combat aviation complex.

"Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aviation Plant (KnAAZ) them. Gagarin:

Management:

Deputy General Director - Director of the branch of OJSC "Company" Sukhoi "" Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aviation Plant named after. Yu.A. Gagarin" - Pekarsh Alexander Ivanovich.

Field of activity:

production of military and civil aircraft for domestic and export deliveries
production of technical kits for licensed production
repair, modernization and after-sales service of aviation equipment
production of civil products, consumer goods
provision of air transportation services.

Projects of recent years:

Single and double modifications of aircraft of the Su-27 family;
Production of Su-30M2/MK2 double-seat multi-role fighters and Su-35/S multi-role super-maneuverable single-seat fighters in the interests of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and for export;
Production of a promising aircraft complex for front-line aviation of the fifth generation T-50 (PAK FA);
Repair, modernization and after-sales service of aviation equipment;
Production of components of the regional passenger aircraft Sukhoi Superjet-100.

Joint Stock Company "Sukhoi Civil Aircraft"

Abbreviated name: JSC "GSS"

Management:

President - Alexander Rubtsov
Chairman of the Board of Directors - Aleshin Boris Sergeevich

Shareholders of JSC "SCA":

PJSC "Company" Sukhoi "(100% of shares)

Field of activity:

marketing activities in the Russian and international markets;
carrying out research, experimental, design and implementation work on civil aviation technology;
implementation of flight tests of prototypes of installation and serial batches of aircraft, equipment, means of operation and repair;
activities to create international cooperation.

Current projects:

Currently, the main project of JSC "SAC" is the creation of a family of Russian regional aircraft Sukhoi Superjet 100 (SSJ) with a capacity of 95 seats.

Representative offices abroad.

Field of activity:

The design and production of military aircraft is the main activity of Sukhoi.
The Sukhoi company develops various areas of civil aircraft construction. New promising projects of the Company for the creation of civil aircraft.

In 1920 he resumed his studies at the Moscow Technical School. Simultaneously with his studies, since 1924, Pavel Sukhoi worked as a draftsman at the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (TsAGI).

Since October 1930, he was the head of the AGOS brigade, went on long business trips to aircraft factories in Germany and Italy.

Since May 1932, he was the head of the joint brigade No. 3 of the Design Department of the Experimental Construction Sector (KOSOS) of TsAGI.

On the basis of the RD, the Sukhoi brigade designed a single-engine bomber DB-1, and then a twin-engine DB-2, on the civilian version of which ("Motherland"), the female crew of Valentina Grizodubova, Polina Osipenko and Marina Raskova made a record long-range flight.

From 1936 to 1939, Pavel Sukhoi was the head of the design department - deputy chief designer of Aviation Plant No. 156 (Moscow).

He took part in the competitive development of the Ivanov aircraft (the short-range bomber BB-1, since 1940 - Su-2).

To introduce the BB-1 into the series, by a government decree of July 29, 1939, Pavel Sukhoi was appointed chief designer.

Together with the design bureau team, which received the status of an independent one, he was transferred to the serial aircraft plant No. 135 in Kharkov.

From April 1940 to 1949 he was the chief designer of aircraft plant No. 289, on the basis of the design bureau of which the Design Bureau of P.O. Sukhoi (now - Sukhoi Design Bureau, a branch of the Sukhoi Company Public Joint Stock Company), simultaneously director of this plant since November 1940. In 1942-1943, the Su-6 armored attack aircraft was created under his leadership.

Since 1949, after his design bureau was disbanded, Pavel Sukhoi served as deputy chief designer in the design bureau of Andrei Tupolev.

Since 1953 - the chief designer of the newly recreated design bureau, since 1956 - the general designer. Under his leadership, a number of serial combat vehicles were developed, including the Su-7 fighter with a flight speed twice the speed of sound, Su-9, Su-11, Su-15 fighter-interceptors, Su-7B fighter-bombers with ski and wheel - ski chassis for basing on unpaved airfields and Su-17 with variable wing sweep in flight, Su-24 front-line bomber, Su-25 attack aircraft and other aircraft.

In 1958-1974, Pavel Sukhoi was a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

The aircraft designer died on September 15, 1975. He was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.

Pavel Sukhoi - Doctor of Technical Sciences (1940), twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1957, 1965), laureate of the Lenin Prize (1968),

State Prize of the USSR (1943, 1975, posthumously), State Prize of the Russian Federation (1996, posthumously).

He was awarded three Orders of Lenin (1945, 1957, 1975), the Order of the October Revolution, the Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1938), the Order of the Red Star (1933), the Order of the Badge of Honor (1936), and medals.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources

Aircraft brands "su" already known all over the world decades! The designer of these aircraft Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi. He was always aimed at future. This purpose and talent general designer helped create a whole a number of excellent planes! However, employees Design Bureau of Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi experienced not only victories, but also defeat. Aircraft Sukhoi firmly occupied their position in history world aviation! Firm Sukhoi consists of 6 branches located in different parts of our country. His KB created about 100 types aircraft and their modifications. Released serially near 11 200 machines. Of these, about 2 700 pieces put on export v 37 countries.

Pavel Osipovich Dry was born July 22nd 1895 years in Belarus, which was then part of Russian Empire. Actually originally surname Pavel Osipovich was dry, by his last name father, but during the baptism in the church, the deacon called Pavel Osipovich — Dry. At the time of birth Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi already in the family 5 children, all daughters, he became 6th as a child junior! Father Paul Osip Andreevich Sukhi have worked teacher primary school in school in the countryside, mother was Elizabeth Yakovlevna. The family was actively interested music, literature, art. But Pavel Osipovich Dry more interested technology - internal combustion engines that existed at that time aircraft. He eagerly studied all literature, that existed on this topic, including articles founder of the Russian and Soviet aerodynamics and aviation science Nikolay Egorovich Zhukovsky ( see article " Nikolai Egorovich Zhukovsky.

V early 20th centuries the world has embraced aviation fever!!! Then attempts conquer the sky were called "air rides" They literally brought the audience together With crazy! One day, on my way home from high school, Pavel Osipovich Dry first time saw the plane. Later in his memoirs he wrote : « I was walking with the guys from the gymnasium, and all of a sudden flew over our heads airplane. It was like this suddenly and marvelous, what breathtaking, not a bird but man flies above us !» As a matter of fact this one happening defined further fate Pavel Osipovich. V 1915 year Pavel Osipovich Dry enrolled in Moscow Imperial Technical School. There he attended lectures with interest. Zhukovsky, With scientific whose labors he got acquainted also in youth. He also visited aeronautic circle, led Zhukovsky.

At this time it was already World War I war and Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi after graduation ensign schools called in army. V January 1917 year he got to Northwestern front in office infantry junior officer a shelf. Then he was appointed machine gun chief commands . Exactly on front he understood, what role can it play in the future military aviation. The largest aircraft in the world at that time bomber "Ilya Muromets", Igor Ivanovich Sikorsky literally terrified Germans! Same way Dry knew that artillery uses data frequently and successfully aerial reconnaissance. However, he also saw shortcomings of the Russian aviation. Mostly obsolete aircraft couldn't resist more perfect German machines.

At the front Pavel Osipovich Dry got tuberculosis lung, which is strongly undermined his health. Later on, throughout whole life he experienced consequences transferred illness. V March 1918 of the year Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi for health commissioned from the army. After returning home Pavel Osipovich 2 years have worked math teacher at the place of residence. It is in the local school he met his future wife, Sophia. She taught French language. Trying to attract her attention, Pavel brought her armfuls lilac, he is very loved the lilac! So they met, as it turned out later on all life!

V 1920s year Dry returned to study Technical School. V 1924 year, he already got a job in TsAGI, although until the end remained more year. While working in TsAGI he cooked diploma project. Diploma work Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi became single-seat fighter with motor capacity 300 hp leader the project was an aircraft designer Andrey Nikolaevich Tupolev(see article Andrey Nikolaevich Tupolev), which, together with Egor Nikolaevich Zhukovsky ( see article "Egor Nikolaevich Zhukovsky") was founder of TsAGI. defended Dry successfully and Tupolev invited a young specialist to work in your KB. He got into brigade which developed all-metal fighter Tupolev, ANT-5. Directly Dry instructed to design frame, which housed engine. After leaving the car in series Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi appointed technical representative of TsAGI at the aircraft factory.

In May 1932 of the year Sukhoi again raised in office, appointing him head united design team fighters and record aircraft. Design team member Sukhoi, Vladimir Baluev remembered : « We green youth were bribed courtesy, calmness, efficiency of Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi, his clear answers to all questions asked. He learned designing and doing myself directly from each performer. Young designers torn v brigade Sukhoi, there was especially interesting".

The first task of the brigade was fast fighter entitled I-14. The aircraft used many innovations For example, retractable chassis, wheels brakes, closed lamp cabins. Besides I-14 became first Soviet all-metal fighter monoplane. Pavel Osipovich differed in that not afraid of new take on something that before never did not apply. For Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi I-14 became first independent design work. The plane turned out with acceptable flight characteristics, but did not suit the military propensity I-14 To stall v corkscrew and hard exit from it, therefore big quantity it is made was not.

At the same time with I-14 brigade Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi worked on record by plane. Record the plane turned out to be more successful. Summer 1931 year commander-in-chief VVS Yakov Alksnis together with an aircraft designer A.N. Tupolev contacted the government offer create an airplane record range flight. Then management our country was extremely interested in uplift prestige state and accepted project ! By task range flight was supposed to be 12 000 km. brigade Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi achieved, as it seemed then impossible! It was she who created a very successful single-engine airplane ANT-25 with very good aerodynamics and weight return. Good weight return, it is when weight most aircraft less payload weight. On this type, weight the plane itself less fuel weight on board. On the ANT-25, Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi FOR THE FIRST TIME v WORLD huge fuel tanks placed in WINGS!

Flight characteristics ANT-25 allowed to make record flight for that time. V 1937 year June 20 crew Valery Pavlovich Chkalov(see article " Valery Pavlovich Chkalov) committed nonstop flight to America across North Pole. Truth be told, myself IDEA flight through North Pole belonged Americans. But in one of training flights American pilot Wylie Post died and Americans on the risk more didn't go.

Across month per Chkalov like flight made a crew Mikhail Mikhailovich Gromov. And the crew Gromov ( see article "Mikhail Mikhailovich Gromov") installed World record range flight IN A DIRECT, flying 10 148 km. V aviation records established not for records. result record flights was the creation of a brigade Sukhoi's first Soviet distant bombers "DB-1" and "DB-2". Across year on the 2-motor airplane Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi DB-2, who was named "Motherland", installed World record range flight FEMALE crew. Crew Valentina Stepanovna Grizodubova overcame 5 908 km. be proud WAS WHAT!!!

Actually time then it was very NOT UNIQUE. On the one hand thundered technical victories and rejoicing of the people rolling on the other side RINK OF REPRESSION, which went through aviation industry. In conclusion was A.N. Tupolev, v KB who worked and Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi. brigade Sukhoi lucky enough to be one of the few to stay untouched v KB Tupolev. At that moment KB Sukhova developed project codenamed Ivanov. Design competition multipurpose aircraft air force administration announced at the beginning 1936 of the year. This machine was supposed to be both scout and attack aircraft and light bomber. Stalin set the task of designing an airplane simple in production, such that they can be build so many how in our country people with the surname Ivanov.

The project won the competition Sukhoi. Having completed the course tests and improvements, aircraft handed over to serial production in Kharkov. V 1939 brigade Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi transferred to the same factory Kharkov. By the time of moving to Kharkov team Sukhoi got the status of a separate bank, a Sukhoi appoint director of Kharkov factory. Across year KB Sukhoi established serial aircraft release "Su-2", which was developed under the project Ivanov. In essence, this was not multipurpose plane, and close bomber. Although sometimes used as attack aircraft and as scout. The aircraft had excellent volatility! Su-2 fully experienced all the severity of the first months war.

Su-2, Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi was more survivability compared to others Soviet aircraft is confirmed even German pilots (see article ! One of German recalled the pilots : « I was able to fit in Soviet plane in tail and from a distance of about 50 meters opened fire... From a damaged car dropped the chassis but dead tail shooter hung from semi-open turrets , but the plane did not catch fire and continued flight . I AM used up the whole ammunition, and I had to log off from attacks. shoot down Russian and Failed". but government countries decided to switch to mass release over contemporary on that moment Il-2 attack aircraft and diving bombers Pe-2. TO middle wars at the front Su-2 nearly not left.

Having received in 1939 independence in Kharkov, Pavel Osipovich Dry actively engaged in the design attack aircraft and fighters. But remoteness from Moscow research bases noticeably slowed down development new aircraft. So Dry applied with request to the government to provide it KB place, closer To Moscow. Then in the spring 1940 of the year Sukhoi Design Bureau transferred to the factory Podlipkah. But it only turned out start several relocations of the Sukhoi design bureau.

At the beginning of the war KB evacuated to Permian. Although at each new place I had to start work actually again, Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi stubbornly continued design new aircraft. By the start of the war KB created an attack aircraft Su-6, which also passed state tests. On trials Su-6 showed characteristics it is better, how IL-2. But on Su-6 stood "raw" motor, more not running v serial production. In conditions the outbreak of war government The USSR did not dare to rebuild conveyor for new equipment, and Su-6 didn't go to serial production. For this plane Dry got Stalin Prize 1st degree.

In the middle 1943 of the year KB Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi moved to the northwest Moscow v Tushino. The work schedule was very tense, the working day of an aircraft designer was painted almost minute by minute. To withstand such a mode of operation was very hard, especially since the disease affected tuberculosis received at the front during World War I war. But Dry helped him in everything wife Sofia Feliksovna, which was completely devoted to her husband. All of my life Sofia Feliksovna dedicated to her husband. She strictly followed diet, which was prescribed Dry. Everything was impeccably on time and as desired Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi.

After Great Patriotic wars Sukhoi Design Bureau designed educational and training bomber variant Tupolev, Tu-2, which was launched in serial production under the name "UTB". Same for target order gunners was designed scout and spotter artillery fire Su-12, which became extreme piston by plane Sukhoi. However, these were projects not large-scale plan. Dry considered new technical developments. Including those that appeared by this time reactive engines. But reactive the engines were still very imperfect That's why Pavel Osipovich Dry designed a fighter combined power plant. This aircraft model has become only transitional model to reactive aviation, but she allowed to receive invaluable experience for developments in the future.

V 1945 year Pavel Osipovich Dry began to design a fighter-bomber with 2 jet engines, which was named Su-9. By layout and external mind he looked a lot like Deutsch fighter World War II war, Me-262(see article "German Fighters of the Second World War"). The fact is that during the war German aircraft designers first began to develop reactive aircraft engines and significantly succeeded in this case.

After the war Soviet aircraft designers studied German development and on their basis created own jet engines. So Su-9 was equipped 2 captured German engines, and the next plane KB Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi Su-11 already equipped Soviet jet engines. These were engines developed in Design Bureau Arkhip Mikhailovich Lyulka. Later Cradle remembered : « Exactly Dry first applied our turbojet engine "TR-1". Having studied it in every detail, Pavel Osipovich Dry distinctly presented, his opportunities, believed our newly organized KB And me - young chief constructor ».

V 1947 year May 28, Su-11 for the first time flew up into the air. In the end 1940s years in aviation appeared many technical innovations. Reactive aviation fundamentally different from piston aircraft – other modes flight. So on Su-9 system was applied hydro boosters management, catapultable pilot's seat, starting powder accelerators, brake parachute. Airplane Su-9 developed in different options, but in 1948 year summer topic in general closed. The fact is that after the war in the USSR went restoration of the national economy, and country could not afford a bunch of aviation new products. And in 1949 abolished the very KB Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi. Many aircraft designers scattered around other KB. Dry with some of the staff KB was again in Design Bureau of Andrey Nikolaevich Tupolev. There Tupolev instructed Pavel Osipovich to serialize Tu-14 v Irkutsk. Later director of the irkutsk aircraft factory Mikhail Semyonov remembered : « You are welcome Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi factory technical Problems began to be decided promptly, on the place, without requests Moscow, without lengthy disputes between representatives KB and technical services of the plant ».

V subordination of Tupolev, Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi had to be comparatively not for long. Across 3 of the year Sukhoi Design Bureau again became independent. To some extent this contributed political the situation in the world early 1950s years. untwisted "cold war" and foreign intelligence planes flew not only along Soviet borders, but also flew long away above territory of the USSR while in USSR was not related funds air defense. arose need in a safe interceptor, capable of destroying not only intelligence aircraft, but bomber With nuclear weapons. At that moment, they remembered that they were engaged in such machines Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi.

V May 1953 year began new impetuous Takeoff of the Sukhoi Design Bureau. To the team Pavel Osipovich returned many of those who were scattered over others KB 3 years ago. Among those who recovered KB, were Evgeny Alekseevich Ivanov, which, apart from design also had talent punchy vein! He contributed invaluable contribution to the development KB Sukhoi, thanks to his activities the number of KB increased several times. To work in KB Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi employees went with desire! Dry never did not raise his voice spoke calmly, always "You". Never did not allow talk to yourself subordinates according to principle « if i'm the boss – I am always right »!

But at softness communication with subordinates never lowered exactingness. Let's say it happened happening, when an employee disrespectful reason did not cope with any task and, accordingly, was not ready report this reason failure to complete the task. When reporting in such a case Pavel Osipovich Dry very quickly caught something is wrong. But at the same time didn't make a mess and got up and spoke : « I AM I see what You are not ready discuss this issue. how many To you need to time for this job ?» For example, it required 3 day. He said : « Okay through 3 day we meet again, goodbye ». Everything ! After that the culprit felt myself like beaten and walked away, very embarrassed myself feeling!

V 1953 year autumn, KB Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi received a production base on the territory of aviation Khodynsky fields. Dry was able to return to his beloved themes, design fighters and interceptors. Previous 3 years of downtime Pavel Osipovich did not waste. He oversaw the development A.I. Mikoyan(see article "Artyom Ivanovich Mikoyan"), S.A. Lavochkina(see article "Semyon Alekseevich Lavochkin"), A.S. Yakovleva ( see article "Alexander Sergeevich Yakovlev") and was I know their works. He was also aware of foreign developments.

For example, Saturday and Sunday Pavel Osipovich Dry went to his dacha, took with him foreign magazines - English, German, French and freely was reading technical texts on these languages. Then I took from these magazines interested his technical solutions and gave their heads of departments KB, tasks work out their at home and give its conclusion on these technical new products! Only during formation design bureau, Pavel Osipovich Dry already suggested 2 option new aircraft – These were supersonic fighters from triangular and swept wing ! Machine with triangular wing received the designation respectively "T-3", but with swept wing "S-1". Estimated data of the proposed models breathtaking!!! It was supposed to exceed speed of sound v 2 times ! At the same time, it is necessary take into account more weak at that time production base and extremely short time deliveries of new models to tests. But the collective KB Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi burned desire show your capabilities and opportunities.

V 1955 year September 7th airplane C-1 went out to flight tests. For the first time the plane was supposed to be lifted into the air by a test pilot Andrey Grigorievich Kochetkov. He had to complete the task "flight" - it meant that Kochetkov had tear off the plane from the runway and right his plant. Andrey Grigorievich Kochetkov remembered : « I rolled to the start. Dal fully revs engine, dispersed the plane to breakaway speed. And then it happened unexpected... Airplane instantly climbed up height 15 meters. I immediately removed speed engine, but immediately realized that stripes to land already will not be enough, and the plane will broken... Ripe in my head solution: necessary save plane leaving to the air, accepting entirely a responsibility for an unauthorized takeoff to myself". The result is not "flying" but a full-fledged flight. For this first unauthorized flight Kochetkov was not reprimanded, but vice versa awarded with an award! Soon on trials airplane Pavel Osipovich dry, C-1 showed speed more 2000 km/h.

Then on base this machine was created fighter-bomber, Su-7B. This aircraft became the ancestor and basis aircraft families fighter-bomber aviation THE USSR. next model KB Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi became a fighter VARIABLE SWEEP wings Su-17. This quality allows the fighter small angle swept wing take off from short long takeoff run and when landing, sit down with short mileage, a c high angle swept wing develop great speed on the high altitude. Takeoff run tried during takeoff decrease and with the help of starting rocket boosters. They also tried reduce takeoff run during takeoff and run length when landing with additional lifting engines.

Parallel fighter was being created T-3 With triangular wing. For the first time he took to the air May 1956 of the year. V 1956 year summer, both aircraft KB Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi were shown on air parade. For dry, it was not just a demonstration of his technique, but also here FOR THE FIRST TIME sounded it NAME on the the general public. This year main constructor Pavel Osipovich Dry became general constructor. Modified interceptor T-3 adopted with the designation Su-9. It was 2nd plane with the same name. Reactive aviation developed rapidly! To creation reactive aircraft other than KB, dozens are now connected research institutes and organizations. Powerful engines, supersonic speed, complex onboard equipment. The pilots had to master this new complex technique. Unsurprisingly, during TRANSITION on the new such a technique appeared aphorism - constructor Dry, the plane is damp, and the pilot wet". The plane, of course was not "raw" just meant that reactive plane over difficult in progress learning to fly On him.

Rescue Means there were more pilots on these machines not perfect. There have been several incidents loss of pilots. Accordingly, a very dense work to create reliable means of rescuing the pilot. Pavel Osipovich Dry myself personally controlled this work. He understood v nuances catapult devices along with privates and including young engineers. By the way, the problem of saving the pilot on ALL MODES flight then not was solved not only in THE USSR, but also in all over the world. In the course of work on ejection seats it turned out that they should have jet engines, complex automation and an ejection seat – it small flying apparatus. Pavel Osipovich Dry did not interfere in the course of creation catapult chairs, only once noticed young specialist : « Young man, you are everything great do, only Do not forget please what are we creating combat aircraft Not only, in order to carry rescue equipment. That is, in any case ejection seat should not worsen combat characteristics aircraft.

New Su-9 has become not just an airplane, but a part of complex interception. It included ground stations guidance, controlled class missiles air-to-air, radar station on board interceptor. KB Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi became INITIATOR in creating aviation complexes air defense. After Su-9 a more advanced fighter appeared Su-11. Both planes logged in Air defense of the USSR. For a long time they were the fastest and high-rise Soviet fighters. next model KB Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi became two motor Su-15. It already had more perfect radar station allowing you to hit targets, as on big, so on low altitudes. Su-15 was very RELIABLE machine, so loved and pilots and aircraft technicians. He turned out the most massive fighter the USSR and stood guard air borders our country to early 1990s years !

In the middle 1960s years Sukhoi Design Bureau developed lot aircraft projects. To this moment Pavel Osipovich Dry was already 8th decade years. Despite the age Pavel Osipovich still continued to work, and was in development course his KB. By- another he himself and did not think! V 1963 year Sukhoi Design Bureau began to create a front-line bomber Su-24. As planned, this aircraft was supposed to approach the target on small and ultra-low altitudes, to stay out of sight locators enemy. Flight to ultra low altitude on the supersonic or transonic speed only possible with AUTOMATIC RELIEF BENDING SYSTEM terrain. Su-24 provided with such a system. Exactly at KB Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi system BENDING THE TERRAIN was installed in USSR FOR THE FIRST TIME! V mid 1970s years Su-24 started to enter troops. He is in service air force Russia still.

V late 1960s years, Sukhoi Design Bureau started working on the project attack aircraft, subsequently named Su-25. The point is that employees KB started design Su-25 in secret from Sukhoi. V KB a certain group designers who took up this work on own initiative, without telling management. About this work did not know even myself Dry! And only when the project reached stage, in which something appeared show and discuss, employees KB presented it Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi. After Dry listened to colleagues, he said : "Go on work ». Pavel Osipovich was a very person polite and intelligent and DID NOT RATE. And his answer "keep working" and became supreme evaluation and confirmation fulfillment necessary work .

Military believed that Su-25 it should be supersonic. Constructors Sukhoi Design Bureau thought differently. Moreover, considering world experience, it was clear that during the fire support With air directly above field fight, supersonic speed is not needed. Need a higher protection from weapons enemy, good overview from the cockpit maneuverability and survivability aircraft, the ability to fly combat action on super low altitudes. After the completion of the robot Su-25, Design Bureau of Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi introduced him to Scientific and technical committee Air Force. The answer turned out to be negative! Military motivated their answer is that they do not need subsonic airplane. Employees KB lost heart so to speak, they worked "basket". but Dry told the workers KB: " Don't hang your nose keep going work on the project, carry out further elaboration and improvement of the Su-25. They simply do not understand, what kind of plane will they be needed! When they are understand - everything will fall into place !» Later Su-25 very successfully been used for several decades! Stormtrooper Su-25 became one of the best attack aircraft in the world! Based on it, several modifications, including shipboard option.

V Soviet aviation Design Bureau of Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi rightfully occupied a niche fighters. But at the beginning 1960s years, Dry I had the opportunity to try my hand at creating long range bomber. Military set conditions specifications future aircraft. He must fly to altitude 24 000 meters, for range at least 7 000 km, on speed more 3 000 km/h. V the USSR aircraft development distant aviation two design bureaus - Tupolev and Myasishchev ( see article Andrey Nikolaevich Tupolev and article "Vladimir Mikhailovich Myasishchev"). But experience creation of aircraft flying on SUPERSONIC SPEEDS was only at FIGHTER KB, a speed new bomber should have been at least 3 speeds of sound! Therefore, this work was connected Design Bureau of Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi. Later he recalled : "... fighter design bureau inherent desire for small forms, and this plane can be created, pushing off exactly from small forms.

In the announced competition won the project KB Sukhoi! He got the name "T-4" ( see article "Su-100"). Novelty project amounted to almost 100 percent! This circumstance required non-standard solutions. V materials, from which they were made T-4, attended steel, but in mostly used TITANIUM. FOR THE FIRST TIME v WORLD applied electro remote control system, hydraulic turbopumps, automatic thrust. Information from all onboard systems was processed 2 computers, which provided guidance on target flying blind and much more. This work involved experts from different scientific and industrial industries such as radio electronics engineers, metallurgists, chemists, physicists. Employees KB Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi, working on an airplane T-4, got more 200 Copyright Certificates for inventions !!!

Because of difficulties project first experienced copy was built only in 1971 year, and the first flight carried out summer 1972 of the year. At the beginning tests it became clear that T- 4 build SERIALLY ANYWHERE. The only aircraft factory at that time able produce aircraft large size - Kazansky, but he specialized in the production of cars Tupolev, which the tried download it quickly with their new by plane. For this reason T-4 lowered on the brakes. SUPERSONIC bomber KB Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi, T-4 completed several test flights and work according to him stopped??? V order about closing T-4 said it was closed supposedly in favor of work on Tu-160(see article Tu-160). In fact later NOT ALL principles laid down in T-4, were applied v Tu-160.

How many Soviet aircraft designers Dry was not overlooked and awards. He was a laureate State and Lenin Prize. Twice Hero of Socialist Labor. Name medal A.N. Tupolev N1 was awarded to him, but posthumously. Pavel Osipovich Dry possessed charming smile, but talking about deed he smiled rarely. There is such tradition, when after good test the whole new aircraft team going and notes this event, but Dry did not like such activities. He could to appear v early celebration, say first words, hold a glass, but after that immediately left banquet.

Pavel Osipovich Dry was able LISTEN to people and it didn't matter who was his interlocutor positions. First, he silently, without interrupting, listened person, and only then brought their arguments. In case if companion he was not interesting, he didn't speak directly "go away" a turned away to the other side and ceased You listen. For unprepared human method communication between Sukhoi could seem strange. For instance, Pavel Osipovich Dry phoned someone subordinate. When he picked up the phone Dry without waiting response - who on the other end of the wire, and even without waiting - "hello" immediately began to say what he needed to say, and then hung up. Wherein companion Sukhoi could not pronounce not a single word. So Dry did not due to disrespect subordinate, and drastic time savings. Pavel Osipovich Dry never didn't brag their achievements !

Despite the closure T-4, developments according to him applied later on, on others aircraft, such as Su-27! Design Su-27 started at the first half of the 1970s years. Unfortunately, Pavel Osipovich Dry didn't see first flight of an experimental machine. He was gone September 15, 1975 of the year. At that moment experienced copy is just were going to build. Once upon a time at home Pavel Osipovich told his wife : « If I had more 10 years - I would do SUCH…!” That is, he had big plans! After Sukhoi leader KB became his closest assistant Evgeny Alekseevich Ivanov. But he was at the head KB relatively not for long because they made whole only together With Pavel Osipovich Sukhy.

A life Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi stood out difficult - persecution, the closure of KB, closing projects. But returning to work, he always invested in their products all your soul and knowledge! So many his developments, created during his lifetime, continue apply, improving, and to this day ! An example of this is Su-47, Su-34, T-50 PAK FA. But the main is an team founded Pavel Osipovich Sukhy, which and today is one of leading design bureaus in our country !

There are people in our past who... how can I put it better... anticipate history, or something. They look into such distances, where their contemporaries do not even dare to look up. They surpass their time. One of these people was an aircraft designer. Pavel Osipovich Dry.
Today marks 41 years since this outstanding man passed away.

T-4 "Sotka"

Later, developments in the "weave" formed the basis of a multi-mode strategic bomber Tu-160.

The experience of the Vietnam War showed that with the advent of air defense systems, front-line aviation went to low and ultra-low altitudes. The country needed a new strike aircraft capable of flying at low altitude and following the terrain. They became a front-line bomber with a variable sweep wing Su-24.
The Su-24 became the first aircraft with an ejection system that ensured crew rescue in almost all flight modes, including the stages of being on the ground ("0 - 0" mode).

Front-line bomber with variable geometry wing Su-24

The last machine of Pavel Osipovich was the Su-25 attack aircraft, the development of which the Design Bureau began on its own initiative. The military at that time wrote off attack aircraft as a class, and therefore their reaction to the project was negative.
But Sukhoi firmly stood his ground.
"Keep working, - he said to the designers who worked on the attack aircraft project, - The military themselves do not understand that they need this particular aircraft. It will take a little time, and everything will fall into place".

And indeed - a little time passed and the military urgently needed an attack aircraft. The war in Afghanistan has begun.

On September 15, 1975, Pavel Osipovich died, but we can say that he had a hand in another wonderful aircraft - the Su-27 air superiority fighter.
The aerodynamic scheme, dimension, the use of an integrated layout and instability in the longitudinal channel, as well as some other solutions for the T-10 aircraft (that was the name of the Su-27 prototype), which determined the success of the future fighter, were chosen by Pavel Osipovich Sukhiy.

Su-27 air superiority fighter

Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi - Doctor of Technical Sciences, Twice Hero of Socialist Labor, Cavalier of three Orders of Lenin (1945, 1957, 1975), Orders of the October Revolution, Red Banner of Labor (1938), Red Star (12/22/1933) and "Badge of Honor" (1936) ), laureate of state awards, deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (1958-1974), with all his abilities and regalia, was an excellent colleague and leader, a sympathetic person.

Here is what contemporaries say about him:

Vladimir Baluev, Russian aircraft design engineer; began working in the brigade of Pavel Sukhoi in 1929:

“... Pavel Osipovich's politeness, calmness, efficiency, his clear answers to all questions asked, attention and benevolence to novice designers were bribed ... Young designers were eager to join the Sukhoi brigade, it was especially interesting there. ... He did not tolerate an irresponsible attitude to the task assigned, empty talk, sycophancy, indiscipline, eyewash. Pavel Osipovich himself was an excellent innovative designer ... He knew how ... to arouse interest in the topic, to make people think, to look for new ways ... "

Leonid Kerber, Russian aircraft designer, Deputy General Aircraft Designer Andrey Tupolev:

“I met Pavel Osipovich Sukhiy (in 1937) when two ANT-25 aircraft began to be directly prepared for a flight to the USA. Sukhoi was the leading designer of these aircraft... Unusual pedantry... Pavel Osipovich's innate character traits are inner conviction that he was right, equanimity... I was lucky to work with many major aircraft designers. And, to the credit of Pavel Osipovich, ... almost none of them possessed such restraint and self-control, the ability to restrain anger, irritability, indignation, as Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi.

A. K. Aronov, Russian engineer, Leading aircraft designer of the abolished Design Bureau V. G. Ermolaev (after his death) in 1946:

“We have heard a lot about Pavel Osipovich's special exactingness... But in the very first days it became clear that before us was a model of a true leader. A personal example of efficiency, exactingness to discipline and order, the desire to delve into the very depths of the problem being solved, correctness in handling, not the slightest familiarity and innate intelligence were inherent in our new Chief Designer. ... The restraint and "dryness" of Pavel Osipovich did not at all mean his spiritual dryness, he was caring and sensitive to people.

For outstanding work in the field of aviation science and technology, Pavel Osipovich was awarded the gold medal named after Academician A. N. Tupolev No. 001 of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1975), posthumously.

But his colleagues characterize his design genius best of all:

Air Marshal S.I. Rudenko:

“When choosing the parameters of a new aircraft, often taking risks, Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi took exclusively the highest data for development, which were on the verge of the possibility of science and technology of that time, and sometimes even slightly higher. And most importantly, he made it all a reality.”

Soviet General Designer of Aviation Equipment, Hero of Socialist Labor Arkhip Lyulka:

“Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi created models of aviation technology at the cutting edge of science, on the verge of science fiction. He was the first among other General Designers to find solutions that determined the profile of modern aircraft.

Soviet aircraft designer twice Hero of Socialist Labor, Laureate of four Stalin Prizes Semyon Lavochkin:

“If you can learn from any designer, it’s from Sukhoi”

Soviet aircraft designer academician Oleg Antonov:

“All [Soviet] General Aircraft Designers are undoubtedly highly educated people, and Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi was still above all of us in science, although he did not have the title of academician. I will not deviate from the truth if I call Pavel Osipovich the quintessence of our [Soviet] aviation.”