The work was fast and fun. Lesson summary on the topic "punctuation marks in sentences with homogeneous members"
The fifteenth task opens the "Punctuation" block. According to the "Specifier", task 15 tests the ability to punctuate in:
- simple sentences complicated by homogeneous members (PP with SP);
- compound sentences (CSP).
The peculiarity of the task is also that the dealer must provide two answers, each of which is estimated at 1 point. In case of successful completion of the 15th task, you can get a total of 2 points.
15. Arrange punctuation marks. Choose two sentences in which you want to put ONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1. The work went quickly and cheerfully and was completed on time.
2. Participles are able to both figuratively describe an object or phenomenon and present its sign in dynamics
3. The illogical connection of words creates a special psychological effect and attracts the reader's attention and enhances the imagery.
4. Pretty soon he settled down in the area and made friends with the neighbors.
5. A rich man does not live in poverty, but complains.
Answer:
A detailed analysis of task 15 can be viewed in the video.
Required reference material
If a simple sentence contains homogeneous members, then such a proposal is called complicated.
Homogeneous members - these are words of the same part of speech that refer to the same member of the sentence and are connected by a coordinating link: red, yellow and white flowers grew in the meadow
writing connection- this is a connection between equal members of a sentence, which is most often characterized by the intonation of enumeration and coordinating conjunctions.
PUNCTUATION MARKS
Homogeneous Members
are not uniform and not separated by a comma, a connected with a hyphen:
1) paired combinations of a synonymic nature: to seek the truth, the truth, there is no end to the edge, to tell about your life, being, honor, praise to you, what to call you, to magnify, how you deigned to sleep, rest, everything started spinning, spinning, it went, it went, it’s fun, it’s expensive to see, everything is sewn -covered etc.
2) paired combinations of antonymic nature: purchase and sale increased, discuss export-import issues, indicate the hardness-softness of consonants, walk back and forth etc.
3) paired combinations on the generality of sensation, perception: go for mushrooms and berries, meet with bread and salt, tie hand and foot, indicate name and patronymic, young green etc.
Punctuation marks in the presence of a generalizing word
colon (:)
1.After generalizing word ( everything, no one, always, everywhere, nowhere and noun) colons are placed before homogeneous members
(*) : Oh, Oh, Oh and Oh
In the basket was game: two black grouse and a duck.
mixed up all: breath of juniper, heather, water, cranberries.
Nothing Can not hear : no birds, no crickets, no voices.
2. If after the generalizing word there are introductory words somehow, for example , then they are preceded by a comma (,) followed by a colon (:) (*), namely : LTD
Large fish are also caught here. a fish, namely : catfish, pike.
Dash (-)
1. After homogeneous members before a generalizing word
LTD - (*)
In the field, in the grove, on the lake - everywhere it was deserted.
Noise, scolding, lowing, roar - all merges into one discordant dialect.
2. If after homogeneous members before the generalizing word there is an introductory word ( in a word, in short etc.), then the introductory word is preceded by (-) , and after it (,)
LTD - word, (*)
Wheat, millet, oats - word, all already ripe.
Colon (:) and dash (-)
After homogeneous members, if there is a generalizing word in front of them, and the sentence is not completed
(*), centuries lyrics: Oh, Oh, Oh - ...
All these traits , namely : kindness, sensitivity, tolerance - helped him.
ATTENTION!
It is very important to clearly distinguish between homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions.
Compound sentence (SSP) consists of 2 or more simple, equal in meaning and connected by coordinating unions. These offers are separated comma: Air breathes spring scent, and all nature revives.
The semantic relationship between sentences in the SSP can be different:
- Simultaneity: Far to the south there was a fight and in the north, the ground trembled from bomb attacks.
- Sequence: Dunya got into the wagon, the coachman whistled, and the horses galloped.
- Time: (when) The captain stopped the ship and everyone began to ask for the shore.
- Cause and investigation: Several dugouts remained intact, and people, wallowing from fatigue, went there.
- Result: Pugachev gave a sign and I was immediately released and left.
ABSENCE OF A COMMA before the union AND in the SSP
1. No comma is placed between simple sentences if available common minor member:
But too early your hit hour and prophetic feather from hand fell.
Now splashes may rain and will begin real thunderstorm.
Wings goose were splayed and beak open.
2. The comma is not put, if there's general clause:
[Already quite it dawned] and[people began to rise], (when I returned to my room).
(Barely it dawned), [us woke up] and[we went let's hit the road].
3. No comma between homogeneous adnexal, united by union AND, if main they have general:
[The secret is not given to the song], ( where her to live) and (where die).
[We thought], ( what he be late) and (what we we can't say goodbye with him).
Note:
[It was heard], ( how humming cars) , (how trams called) and(people talking).
A comma is not used in the following cases:
1) general introductory word:
According to weather forecasters, [it will get colder soon] and[it will rain].
Apparently [he was in trouble] and[a struggle was going on in his soul].
2) a common isolated member:
Despite our efforts, [work progressed slowly] and[by the evening we did not finish it].
Set up punctuation marks. Write two sentences in which you need to put ONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1) The work went quickly and cheerfully and was completed on time.
2) Participles are able to both figuratively describe an object or phenomenon and present its sign in dynamics.
3) The illogical connection of words creates a special psychological effect and attracts the reader's attention and enhances the imagery.
4) Three times he wintered in Mirny, and each time returning home seemed to him the limit of human happiness.
5) Pretty soon he settled down in this area and made friends with his neighbors.
Explanation (see also Rule below).
Here is the correct spelling.
1) The work went quickly and cheerfully and was completed on time. Every union and connects different rows of homogeneous members, a comma is not needed.
2) Participles are capable how figuratively describe an object or phenomenon, so present its sign in dynamics.
3) Illogical connection of words create t special psychological effect, and chains reader's attention, and reinforces imagery. Three homogeneous predicates, two unions, commas are placed after each homogeneous member. See the rule for the task.
4) (Three times he wintered in Mirny), and (each time returning home seemed to him the limit of human happiness). SSP
5) Pretty soon he settled down in this area and made friends with his neighbors.
One comma is required:
in the second sentence: its homogeneous members are connected using a double union;
in the 4th sentence: it is compound. Contains two predicative parts that do not have a common minor member of the sentence or introductory word and do not have an appendage.
The correct answer is numbered 2 and 4.
Answer: 24|42
Relevance: 2016-2017
Difficulty: normal
Codifier section: Punctuation marks in SSP and a sentence with homogeneous members
Rule: Task 16. Punctuation marks in SSP and in a sentence with homogeneous members
PUNCUNCATION IN A COMPOUND SENTENCE AND IN A SENTENCE WITH HOMOGENEOUS MEMBERS
In this task, knowledge of two punctograms is tested:
1. Commas in a simple sentence with homogeneous members.
2. Commas in a compound sentence, parts of which are connected by coordinating unions, in particular, the union I.
Target: find TWO sentences in which you need to put ONE comma in each. Not two, not three (and this happens!) commas, but one. In this case, it is necessary to indicate the numbers of those sentences where the missing comma was PLACED, since there are such cases that the sentence already has a comma, for example, with adverbial turnover. We don't count it.
You should not look for commas at various turns, introductory words and in NGN: according to the specification, only three indicated punctograms are checked in this task. If the sentence needs commas for other rules, they will already be placed
The correct answer will be two numbers, from 1 to 5, in any sequence, without commas and spaces, for example: 15, 12, 34.
Legend:
OC - homogeneous members.
SSP is a compound sentence.
The task execution algorithm should be as follows:
1. Determine the number of bases.
2. If the sentence is simple, then we find ALL series of homogeneous terms in it and turn to the rule.
3. If there are two bases, then this is a complex sentence, and each part is considered separately (see paragraph 2).
Do not forget that homogeneous subjects and predicates do NOT create a complex, but a simple complicated sentence.
15.1 PUNICATION WITH HOMOGENEOUS MEMBERS
Homogeneous members of a sentence are those members that answer the same question and refer to the same member of the sentence. Homogeneous members of a sentence (both main and secondary) are always connected by a coordinating link, with or without a union.
For instance: In "The Childhood Years of Bagrov the Grandson" S. Aksakov describes both summer and winter pictures of Russian nature with truly poetic enthusiasm.
In this sentence, there is one row of OCs, these are two homogeneous definitions.
In one sentence there can be several rows of homogeneous members. Yes, in the proposal Soon a heavy downpour hit and covered with the noise of rain streams and gusts of wind, and the moans of a pine forest. two rows: two predicates, hit and covered; two additions, gusts and groans.
note: each row of OC has its own punctuation rules.
Consider various schemes sentences with OC and formulate the rules for setting commas.
15.1.1. A number of homogeneous members, connected ONLY by intonation, without unions.
General scheme: LTD .
Rule: if two or more OCs are connected only by intonation, a comma is placed between them.
Example: yellow, green, red apples.
15.1.2 Two homogeneous members are connected by the union AND, YES (in the meaning of AND), OR, OR
General scheme: O and/yes/either/or O .
Rule: if two EPs are connected by a single union AND / YES, a comma is not put between them.
Example 1: The still life depicts yellow and red apples.
Example 2: Everywhere she was met cheerfully and friendly..
Example 3: Only you and I will stay in this house.
Example 4: I will cook rice with vegetables or pilaf .
15.1.3 Last OC added by union I.
General scheme: O , O and O .
Rule: If the last homogeneous member is joined by the union and, then a comma is not placed in front of it.
Example: The still life depicts yellow, green and red apples.
15.1.4. There are more than two homogeneous members and the union AND repeated at least twice
Rule: For various combinations of allied (clause 15.1.2) and non-union (clause 15.1.1) combination of homogeneous members of the proposal, the rule is observed: if there are more than two homogeneous members and the union AND is repeated at least twice, then a comma is placed between all homogeneous members
General scheme: Oh, and Oh, and Oh.
General scheme: and O, and O, and O.
Example 1: The still life depicts yellow and green and red apples.
Example 2: The still life depicts and yellow and green and red apples.
More complex examples:
Example 3: From the house, from the trees, and from the dovecote, and from the gallery- long shadows ran far away from everything.
Two unions and four points. Comma between OCH.
Example 4: It was sad in the spring air, and in the darkening sky, and in the car. Three unions and, three och. Comma between OCH.
Example 5: Houses and trees and sidewalks were covered in snow. Two unions and, three och. Comma between OCH.
Note that there is no comma after the last EP, because it is not between the OC, but after it.
It is this scheme that is often perceived as erroneous and non-existent, keep this in mind when completing the task.
note: this rule only works if the union AND is repeated in one row of OC, and not in the entire sentence.
Consider examples.
Example 1: In the evenings they gathered at the table children and adults and read aloud. How many rows? Two: children and adults; gathered and read. The union is not repeated in each row, it is used once. Therefore, commas are NOT put according to rule 15.1.2.
Example 2: In the evening Vadim went to his room and sat down reread letter and write a response. Two rows: left and sat down; sat down (why? for what purpose?) to re-read and write.
15.1.5 Homogeneous members are connected by the union A, BUT, YES (= but)
Scheme: O, a / no / yes O
Rule: In the presence of the union A, BUT, YES (=but), commas are put.
Example 1: The student writes quickly, but sloppily.
Example 2: The baby no longer whimpered, but wept uncontrollably.
Example 3: Small spool but precious .
15.1.6 With homogeneous members, unions are repeated NO NO; NOT THAT, NOT THAT; THAT, THAT; OR EITHER; OR OR
Scheme: O, or O, or O
Rule: with a double repetition of other unions (except And) neither, nor; not that, not that; then, then; or either; or, or a comma is always placed:
Example 1: And the old man paced the room, now humming psalms in an undertone, now impressively instructing his daughter.
Please note that there are also homogeneous circumstances and additions in the proposal, but we do not single them out for a clearer picture.
There is no comma after the predicate “paced”! But if instead of the union AND THAT, AND THAT would be just AND, there were three commas (according to rule 15.1.4)
15.1.7. With homogeneous members, there are double unions.
Rule: With double unions, a comma is placed before its second part. These are unions both ... and; not only but; not so much... how much; how... so much; although... but; if not... then; not that ... but; not that ... but; Not only not, but rather... than others.
Examples: I have an assignment how from the judge So equals and from all our friends.
Green was Not only great landscape painter and storyteller, but It was still and very subtle psychologist.
Mum not that angry, but she was still dissatisfied.
There are fogs in London if not everyday , then in a day for sure.
He was not so much disappointed , how surprised by the situation.
Please note that each part of the double union is BEFORE OC, which is very important to consider when completing task 7 (type "error on homogeneous members"), we have already met with these unions.
15.1.8. Often homogeneous members are connected in pairs
General scheme: Scheme: O and O, O and O
Rule: When combining secondary members of a sentence in pairs, a comma is placed between the pairs (the union AND acts locally, only within groups):
Example1: Alleys planted with lilacs and lindens, elms and poplars led to a wooden platform.
Example 2: The songs were different: about joy and sorrow, the past day and the day to come.
Example 3: Books on geography and tourist guides, friends and casual acquaintances told us that Ropotamo is one of the most beautiful and wild corners of Bulgaria.
15.1.9.They are not homogeneous, therefore they are not separated by commas:
A number of repetitions that have an intensifying shade are not homogeneous members.
And the snow came and went.
Simple compound predicates are also not homogeneous.
He said so, I'll go check it out.
Phraseologisms with repeated unions are not homogeneous members
Neither this nor that, neither fish nor meat; neither light nor dawn; neither day nor night
If the offer contains heterogeneous definitions, which stand in front of the word being explained and characterize one object from different sides, it is impossible to insert a union between them and.
A sleepy golden bumblebee suddenly rose from the depths of the flower.
15.2. PUNCIATION MARKS IN A COMPOUND SENTENCE
Compound sentences are complex sentences in which simple sentences are equal in meaning and connected by coordinating conjunctions. The parts of a compound sentence do not depend on each other and form one semantic whole.
Example: Three times he wintered in Mirny, and each time returning home seemed to him the limit of human happiness.
Depending on the type of the coordinating union that connects the parts of the sentence, all compound sentences (CSP) are divided into three main categories:
1) SSP with connecting unions (and; yes in the meaning of and; neither ... nor; also; also; not only ..., but also; both ..., and);
2) BSC with divisive unions (that ..., then; not that ..., not that; or; or; either ..., or);
3) SSP with opposing unions (a, but, yes in the sense of but, however, but, but, only, same).
15.2.1 The basic rule for setting a comma in the SSP.
A comma between parts of a complex sentence is placed according to the basic rule, that is, ALWAYS, with the exception of special conditions that limit the effect of this rule. These conditions are discussed in the second part of the rule. In any case, in order to determine whether a sentence is complex, it is necessary to find its grammatical foundations. What should be taken into account in this case:
a) Not always every simple sentence can have both a subject and a predicate. So, frequency sentences with one impersonal part, with the predicate in indefinite personal offer. For instance: He had a lot of work to do, and he knew it.
Scheme: [to be], and [he knew].
The doorbell rang and no one moved.
Scheme: [they called], and [no one moved].
b) The subject can be expressed by pronouns, both personal and other categories: I suddenly heard a painfully familiar voice, and it brought me back to life.
Scheme: [I heard ] and [it returned ]. Don't lose a pronoun as a subject if it duplicates the subject from the first part! These are two sentences, each with its own basis, for example: The artist was well acquainted with all the guests, and he was a little surprised to see a face unfamiliar to him.
Scheme: [The artist was familiar], and [he was surprised]. Compare with a similar construction in a simple sentence: The artist was well acquainted with all the guests and was a little surprised to see a face unfamiliar to him.[O Skaz and O Skaz].
c) Since a complex sentence consists of two simple ones, it is likely that each of them can have homogeneous members in its composition. Commas are placed both according to the rule of homogeneous members, and according to the rule of a compound sentence. For instance: Leaves crimson, gold fell silently to the ground, and the wind circled them in the air and tossed them up. Sentence scheme: [Leaves fell], and [wind O Skaz and O Skaz].
15.2.2 Special conditions for setting signs in a compound sentence
V school course Russian language the only condition under which between parts complex sentence comma is not put, there is a presence common minor member.
The most difficult thing for students is to understand if there is common minor member of a sentence, which will give the right not to put a comma between the parts, or it does not exist. General means referring to both the first part and the second part at the same time. If there is a common member, a comma is not placed between the parts of the SSP. If it is, then in the second part cannot have a similar minor term, he is only one, stands at the very beginning of the sentence. Consider simple cases:
Example 1: A year later, the daughter went to school and the mother was able to go to work.
Both simple sentences can equally claim the adverb of time "in a year". What's happened in a year? The daughter went to school. Mom was able to go to work.
Rearranging the common term at the end of the sentence changes the meaning: My daughter went to school, and my mother was able to go to work a year later. And now this minor member is no longer general, but refers only to the second simple sentence. Therefore, it is so important for us, firstly, the place of a common member, just the beginning of the sentence , and secondly, the general meaning of the sentence.
Example 2:In the evening the wind died down and start to freeze. What happened By the evening? The wind has died down. Start to freeze.
Now more complex example 1: On the outskirts of the city the snow had already begun to melt, and there was already quite a spring picture here. There are two circumstances in the sentence, each simple one has its own. That's why a comma is placed. There is no common secondary term. Thus, the presence of a second minor member of the same type (place, time, purpose) in the second sentence gives the right to put a comma.
Example 2: By night, my mother's temperature rose even more, and we did not sleep all night. There is no reason to attribute the circumstance "to the night" to the second part of the complex sentence, therefore a comma is placed.
It should be noted that there are other cases in which a comma is not placed between parts of a compound sentence. These include the presence of a common introductory word, a common subordinate clause, as well as two sentences indefinitely personal, impersonal, identical in structure, exclamatory. But these cases were not included in the USE assignments, and they are not presented in the manuals and are not studied in the school course.
Option number 5.
A1. In which word is the letter denoting the stressed vowel correctly highlighted?
2) started
4) utterly
A2. In which sentence should the word DOUBLE be used instead of the word DOUBLE?
1) Through the DOUBLE frames one could hear how the rooks rustled in the garden and the starlings sang.
2) Embarrassment manifests itself in a TWICE way: either we behave quieter than water, lower than the grass, or, conversely, we behave defiantly.
3) A citizen entering the public service, if he has DUAL citizenship, is obliged to report it.
4) Sizov is a strong man, devoid of DOUBLE morality.
A3. Give an example with an error in the formation of the word form.
1) wet in the rain
2) indirect cases
3) miraculously
4) healthy gums
A4. Choose the grammatically correct continuation of the sentence.
Carefully preparing for the performance,
1) the speaker's speech should nevertheless resemble improvisation.
2) the speaker's speech should contain good examples, images, humor.
3) a good speaker has figurative, emotional and at the same time logical speech.
4) The speaker delivered a persuasive speech.
A5. Indicate the sentence with a grammatical error (in violation of the norm).
1) Tsiolkovsky wrote that the main goal of his life is to move humanity forward at least a little.
2) A special commission on urban planning has been created in the city, which is entrusted with coordinating the work of all.
3) At the end of the production practice, each student must write a report on the work done.
4) Happy are those who in their lives approach the ideal that was formed in youth.
Read the text and complete tasks A6-A11.
(1) ... (2) This gene is responsible for the production of one of the liver enzymes that helps to neutralize dangerous to humans chemical compounds. (3) The fact is that, according to scientists, in this case, rice will become resistant to pesticides and industrial pollution entering the soil. (4) After all, the human enzyme is universal and allows you to resist thirteen different chemicals. (5) Usually this amount is enough to suppress the growth of all possible weeds on the field. (6)...experts warn that the introduced gene could be passed on to wild rice varieties, resulting in a superweed against which there is no weapon.
A6. Which of the following sentences should come first in this text?
1) Scientists have deciphered the genome of the banking chicken - the ancestor of all breeds of domestic chickens.
2) Genetically engineered plants are now cultivated by almost seven million peasants and farmers.
3) Japanese researchers have developed a genetically modified rice variety in which the human gene has been introduced.
4) Genes are located in the chromosomes in a linear order and have a certain place.
A7. Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in place of the gap in the sixth sentence?
1) First,
2) Because
3) Probably
A8. What word or combination of words is the grammatical basis in one of the sentences or in one of the parts of the complex sentence of the text?
1) neutralize (sentence 2)
2) rice will become (sentence 3)
3) suppress growth (suggestion 5)
4) the gene can be transferred (sentence 6)
A9. Indicate the correct description of the second (2) sentence of the text.
1) compound
2) simple complicated
3) complex non-union
4) complex
4) noun
A11. Indicate the meaning of the word WILD (sentence 6).
1) untamed
3) uncultivated
4) specially grown
A12. In which answer option are all the numbers correctly indicated, in the place of which one letter H is written?
The owner was wearing a fabric (1) shirt, sub-belts (2) leather (3) th belt, and pants (4) that had not been ironed for a long time.
A13. In which row is the unstressed checked vowel of the root missing in all words?
1) rough, ut_pic, cold
2) b_sik, ok_ymlyat, burn_rat
3) av_ntyura, m_ndarin, goodwill
4) compr_miss, colliding_dreaming, enrichment
A14. In which row in all three words is the same letter missing?
1) succeed, succeed, weave, break
2) guess, throw, bite
3) and_worn, not_talkative, burn
4) looking, without_ similar, under_ play
A15. In which row in both words is the letter E written in place of the gap?
1) write down, twist up
2) pull out, fill
3) study_sh, sealed
4) put on, tormented
A16. In which answer option are all the words where the letter I is omitted?
A. straw_nka
B. underline
V. steadfast
G. eclipse
1) A, B, C, D
A17. In which sentence is NOT written separately with the word?
1) An almost (not) noticeable gray bird fluttered out of the bushes.
2) (Not) far from the house the forest began.
3) (Un)sold toys were discounted.
4) Dunya is (not) devoid of charm.
A18. In which sentence are both underlined words spelled together?
1) (AND) SO, let's summarize everything that has been said: the forest is our healer, our wealth and, (AT) THE END, the best outfit of the earth.
2) It was necessary to wait for Semyonov at all costs, (BECAUSE) BECAUSE his arrival decided a lot.
3) The sky was frowning SO (SAME) as yesterday, the sea was stormy, (FOR) THIS boat trip had to be postponed.
4) Nikolay (B) DURING the whole dispute was silent and only once B (FLOOR) VOICE asked Marina to remove the samovar.
A19. Indicate the correct explanation for the use of a comma or its absence in the sentence.
Life on earth was not easy () and therefore I fell in love with the bottomless sky very much.
1) A simple sentence with homogeneous members, before the union AND, a comma is not needed.
2) A simple sentence with homogeneous members, before the union And a comma is needed.
3) Compound sentence, before the union And no comma is needed.
4) A compound sentence, before the union And a comma is needed.
A20. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?
Among the eccentrics (1) who lived in Moscow in Griboedov's times (2) was a man (3) described in the comedy "Woe from Wit" under the name (4) of Maxim Petrovich.
A21. In which answer option are all the numbers correctly indicated, in the place of which commas should be in the sentences?
Daniil Cherny (1) according to art critics (2) was a painter of the first magnitude. His greatest merit (3) however (4) is that he saw the talent of Andrei Rublev and influenced the development of the individual style of this greatest artist.
A22. Specify the sentence in which you need to put one comma. (No punctuation marks.)
1) The work went quickly and cheerfully and was completed on time.
2) Participles are able to both figuratively describe an object or phenomenon and present its sign in dynamics.
3) The illogical connection of words creates a special psychological effect and attracts the reader's attention and enhances the imagery.
4) Pretty soon he settled down in this area and made friends with his neighbors.
A23. How do you explain the use of a colon in this sentence?
Life in Maryino flowed in its own order: Arkady was a sybarite, Bazarov worked.
1) The generalizing word stands before the homogeneous members of the sentence.
2) The first part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the condition of what is said in the second part.
3) The second part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the reason for what is said in the first part.
4) The second part of the non-union complex sentence explains, reveals the content of the first part.
A24. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?
In romantic-style gardens (1) it is impossible to do without paths and natural stone (2) the naturalness (3) of which (4) is emphasized by the moss that has settled between the stones.
A25. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?
His hand was trembling (1) and (2) when Nikolai handed the horse to the groom (3) he felt (4) blood rushing to his heart with a thud.
A26. What offer adnexal part a complex sentence cannot be replaced by a separate definition, expressed by participial turnover?
1) About a hundred years ago, on Moskovskaya Street in Kursk, there was a two-story building, on the facade of which there was a sign "Confectionery".
2) Boris Shergin is a “writer of the soul, heart”, who revealed the ideas of brotherhood, beauty, and mutual assistance.
3) Interesting is the original arrangement of light openwork balconies of the tower, which create an “air passage” from one part of the house to another.
4) The grandson of a famous confectioner, who became an architect, took part in the opening of the exhibition.
A27. Read the text.
At a certain stage in the development of civilization on Earth, the exchange of information between people has become the main engine of progress. Over time, the understanding came that it was important not only for the message to reach, but also for it to happen as quickly as possible, and thanks to the genius of engineers, the telegraph, telephone and radio are at the disposal of mankind. And only the modern generation has witnessed such a means of communication as Email, with which you can send a message to anywhere in the world, and in a matter of seconds the subscriber will receive it.
Which of the following sentences correctly conveys the main information contained in the text?
1) Only the telegraph, telephone and radio allow the exchange of information between people.
2) Compared to the telegraph, telephone and radio, the most effective modern way of exchanging information between people, providing high-speed delivery of a message to anywhere in the world, has become e-mail.
3) The exchange of information between people is the main engine of progress.
4) People are interested in the information reaching the addressee as soon as possible, so the post office, telegraph, telephone and radio were invented by engineers.
Read the text and complete tasks A28-A30; B1-B8; C1.
(1) Many consider the concept of honor to be outdated, out of date, in the sense that it is now inapplicable - not those conditions. (2) For some, this is associated with such actions as a duel: they say, how else can you protect your honor from insults? (3) Others believe that honor today has been replaced by a higher concept - adherence to principles. (4) Instead of a man of honor - a man of principles ...
(5) How can a sense of honor, a sense of dignity, a purely personal moral feeling? (6) How can the concept of honor, which is given to a person once, along with a name, and which can neither be compensated nor corrected, which can only be preserved, become obsolete?
(7) I remember a case related to the name. (8) In 1902, the tsarist government annulled the election of Maxim Gorky to honorary academicians. (9) In protest, Korolenko and Chekhov refused the title of academicians. (10) For Chekhov, this was an act not only public, but also personal. (11) He wrote in a statement that when Gorky was elected, he saw him and was the first to congratulate him. (12) And now, when the Academy of Sciences has informed that the elections are invalid, it turns out that he, Chekhov, as an academician, recognizes this. (13) “I congratulated heartily, and I recognize the elections as invalid - such a contradiction does not fit in my mind, I could not reconcile my conscience with it,” he wrote to the Academy of Sciences. “And after much deliberation, I could only come to one decision… about resigning from me the title of honorary academician.” (14) But this is how circumstances developed, seemingly independent of Chekhov, and he could find an excuse for himself.
(15) Beliefs, of course, are a necessary thing. (16) But there is such a simpler, more concrete concept as a word, given by man. (17) It is not confirmed by any document, certificate. (18) Just a word. (19) Let's say business man, who promised to make repairs by such and such a date, gather people, bring equipment, and receive those who came from afar. (20) But you never know what else. (21) Well, what a disaster, I didn’t accept, I didn’t, I didn’t bring it. (22) He will do it in a month, he will accept it in two days, and thanks for that. (23) It happens that in fact there is nothing terrible, no catastrophe, if one circumstance is excluded - the word, the word was given. (According to D. Granin *)
* Daniil Aleksandrovich Granin (born in 1918) is a Russian writer and publicist.
A28. Which of the statements can serve as an argument for the thought expressed in sentences 7-10?
1) When one honest person is beaten, all honest people must experience pain, and indignation, and the anguish of violated human dignity. ()
2) The word was given to a person not for self-satisfaction, but for the embodiment and transmission of that thought, that feeling that he possesses, to other people. ()
3) There is an effort necessary condition moral perfection. ()
4) All human destinies are formed by chance, depending on the destinies surrounding them. ()
A29. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
1) Sentence 1-3 presents an argument.
2) Sentence 7-12 contains a narrative element.
3) Sentence 13 provides a description.
4) Sentence 19-22 contains an example-argument of what is said in sentence 16 of the text.
A30. Specify the sentence that uses synonyms.
Answers to tasks B1-B3 write down in words. Write down the answers to tasks B4-B8 in numbers.
IN 1. Indicate the way the word ELECTION is formed (sentence 11).
IN 2. Write a short participle from sentences 18-23.
AT 3. From sentence 1, write out the subordinating phrase with the connection CONNECTION.
AT 4. Among sentences 5-11, find a complex one, which includes one-part impersonal sentences. Write the number of this compound sentence.
AT 5. Among sentences 13-19, find sentences with a separate common agreed definition. Write the numbers of these proposals.
AT 6. Among sentences 1-12 find complex sentence with homogeneous adjectives. Write the number of this compound sentence.
AT 7. Among sentences 5-12, find one that is related to the previous one with the help of personal. Write the number of this offer.
AT 8. Read a fragment of a review based on the text that you analyzed while completing tasks A28-A30, B1-B7. This fragment examines the language features of the text. Some terms used in the review are missing. Fill in the gaps with the numbers corresponding to the number of the term from the list. If you do not know which number from the list should be in place of the gap, write the number 0.
A talented publicist, D. Granin skillfully combines accurate facts with a deeply personal attitude to events and characters, with genuine emotionality. This is the reason for the combination in the text of such devices as ______ (sentence 13), _____ (“the word, the word was given” in sentence 23), such a trope as _____ (sentences 21-22), and such syntactic means as _____ (for example , Proposition 6).
List of terms:
1) extended metaphor
2) quoting
4) lexical repetition
7) jargon
8) comparative turnover
9) rhetorical question
C1. Write an essay based on the text you read.
Formulate and comment on one of the problems posed by the author of the text (avoid excessive quoting). State the position of the author. Write whether you agree or disagree with the point of view of the author of the read text. Explain why. Argument your answer based on knowledge, reader's, life experience (the first two arguments are taken into account). The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.
A work written without relying on the text read (not on this text) is not evaluated. If the essay is a paraphrase or a complete rewrite original text without any comments, then such work is evaluated by zero points. Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.
IN 1. suffixal
AT 3. now not applicable
Main problems
1. The problem of saving in modern world concept of honor. What does the word honor mean? modern man? Is this concept outdated?
2. The problem of being true to one's word. How are loyalty to one's word and a sense of honor related?
1. A sense of honor is a sense of self-worth, it cannot become obsolete: it is the moral core of a person.
2. For a decent person, it is important to be honest, first of all, to himself, to be faithful to his word, this is where his sense of honor is manifested.
I am engaged in "Five with a plus" in the group of Gulnur Gataullovna in biology and chemistry. I am delighted, the teacher knows how to interest the subject, find an approach to the student. Adequately explains the essence of his requirements and gives realistic homework (and not like most teachers in the year of the exam, ten paragraphs at home, but one in the class). . We study strictly for the exam and it is very valuable! Gulnur Gataullovna is sincerely interested in the subjects she teaches, she always gives the necessary, timely and relevant information. Highly recommend!
Camilla
I'm preparing for "Five with a plus" for mathematics (with Daniil Leonidovich) and the Russian language (with Zarema Kurbanovna). Very satisfied! The quality of the lessons high level, at school in these subjects now there are only fives and fours. I wrote test exams for 5, I'm sure that I will pass the OGE perfectly. Thank you!
Airat
I was preparing for the exam in history and social science with Vitaly Sergeevich. He is an extremely responsible teacher in relation to his work. Punctual, polite, pleasant in communication. It can be seen that the man lives his work. He is well versed in adolescent psychology, has a clear method of preparation. Thank you "Five with a plus" for the work!
Leysan
I passed the exam in the Russian language with 92 points, mathematics with 83, social studies with 85, I think this is an excellent result, I entered the university on a budget! Thanks Five Plus! Your teachers are real professionals, with them a high result is guaranteed, I am very glad that I turned to you!
Dmitriy
David Borisovich is a wonderful teacher! Prepared in his group for the exam in mathematics profile level passed by 85 points! although knowledge at the beginning of the year was not very good. David Borisovich knows his subject, knows USE requirements, he himself is a member of the commission for verification examination papers. I am very glad that I was able to get into his group. Thank you "Five with a plus" for this opportunity!
Violet
"Five with a plus" - an excellent center for preparing for exams. Professionals work here, a cozy atmosphere, friendly staff. I studied English and social studies with Valentina Viktorovna, passed both subjects with a good score, satisfied with the result, thank you!
Olesya
In the "Five with a plus" center, she studied two subjects at once: mathematics with Artem Maratovich and literature with Elvira Ravilievna. I really liked the classes, a clear methodology, an accessible form, a comfortable environment. I am very pleased with the result: mathematics - 88 points, literature - 83! Thank you! I will recommend your Education Centre!
Artem
When I was choosing tutors, I was attracted to the Five Plus Center good teachers, convenient class schedule, free trial exams, my parents - affordable prices for high quality. In the end, we were very pleased with the whole family. I studied three subjects at once: mathematics, social studies, and English. Now I am a student at KFU budgetary basis, and all thanks to good preparation - I passed the exam with high scores. Thanks!
Dima
I very carefully selected a tutor in social studies, I wanted to pass the exam for maximum score. "Five with a plus" helped me in this matter, I studied in the group of Vitaly Sergeevich, the classes were super, everything is clear, everything is clear, and at the same time fun and at ease. Vitaly Sergeevich presented the material in such a way that it was remembered by itself. I am very happy with the preparation!
Test on the topic "Punctuation marks in sentences with homogeneous members"
1. In which sentence is a comma placed at the place of the gap?
1) A sonorous __ childish laughter was heard from the room.
2) Plants and birds and insects have already woken up.
3) In the evenings he __either told us fairy tales or played with us.
4) Large __ raindrops knocked on the dark windows.
2. In which sentence is a comma placed at the place of the gap?
1) He not only answered Natasha's questions, but also spoke himself.
2) And it smelled of lavender__and the past.
3) Each sound resounds in the spring __ damp and fresh forest.
4) Either fog or smoke from fires floated over the river.
3. In which sentence is a comma not placed at the gap?
1) A narrow wind-blown path led to the top of the hill.
2) The cold, gray sky __ and the wind, and the involuntary sadness of the north fettered the soul.
3) I sent him a letter a long time ago, but no answer from him, no greetings.
4) The cast-iron wheel spins __ and hums, and blows with the wind.
4. Specify the sentence in which you need to put one comma. (No punctuation marks.)
1) Ducks or some other birds quacked plaintively all night in the thickets.
2) For festive illumination, both electric garlands and lanterns were used.
3) At night the wind gets angry and knocks on the window.
4) A good specialist relies on fundamental knowledge and the ability to work.
5. Specify the sentence in which you need to put one comma. (No punctuation marks.)
1) Someone cleaned up the tower and waited for the owners.
2) Many literary critics and historians argue again and again about the secrets of Shakespeare's work.
3) Role reading or dramatization of fragments from the studied works was especially liked by our class.
4) In the syntactic structure of two poetic texts we can find both similarities and differences.
6. In which sentence do you need to put one comma?
1) Directly against the window on the opposite side stood a beautiful manor house.
2) The mother shouted at him, swung her hand but did not hit him.
3) Andrei Nikolaevich took a pot of dried geraniums from the windowsill and began to look out into the street.
4) With all his clumsy gut, he felt either pity or conscience.
7. In which sentence do you need to put one comma?
1) The sun peeped out for a moment from behind broken clouds and lit up the wet and sad street with a mean yellow light.
2) Olya put her hand and immediately drew it back.
3) There is no rest either on a clear day or late at night.
4) Two ladies were already walking slowly back and forth there.
8. Specify the sentence in which you need to put one comma. (No punctuation marks.)
1) Fungal spores are well preserved both at high and at low temperatures.
2) In his paintings, Levitan did not go into fairy world or in ancient Russian antiquity.
3) Here, both the transparent sky and the crystal clear air and fresh greenery give the picture the highest degree spirituality.
4) In the evening my father used to tell me stories or read poetry.
9. Specify the sentence in which you need to put one comma. (No punctuation marks.)
1) The work went quickly and cheerfully and was completed on time.
2) Pretty soon he settled down in the area and made friends with the neighbors.
3) Crimson and golden leaves slowly and smoothly swirl in the air and quietly fall on the damp earth.
4) Participles are able to both figuratively describe an object or phenomenon and present its sign in dynamics.
10. Which sentence has a punctuation error?
1) And in winter, and in spring, and in summer, and in autumn it is good in these places.
2) We saw the Kremlin and the Old Arbat, and the courtyards of Zamoskvorechye.
3) He is bold, stubborn, impatient, and frivolous, and arrogant.
4) Now to the right, then to the left, then behind was the rumble of falling trees.
Punctuation marks in sentences with homogeneous members
1. - 2)
2. - 1)
3. - 3)
4. - 2)
5. - 4)
6. - 4)
7. - 3)
8. - 1)
9. - 4)
10. - 2
