The sun rises in the east. Alley of heroes of polar expeditions Pilot Lyalin Sergey Vasilyevich

L yalin Boris Vasilievich - commander of the Mi-8 helicopters of the aviation enterprise of the Ministry of Civil Aviation.

Born on February 28, 1943 in the village of Bibikovo, Uzlovsky district, Tula region, in a peasant family. Russian. Member of the CPSU since 1970. Graduated from ten classes high school. In 1966 he graduated from the Kremenchug Flight School of Civil Aviation. He worked in one of the divisions of the Office of the Civil Air Fleet.

In mid-February 1985, the research vessel "" arrived in the area of ​​the Russkaya station, located in the Pacific sector of Antarctica. He had to change the composition of the winterers, deliver fuel and food. Suddenly a storm started. The wind speed reached 50 meters per second. The ship was blocked by heavy ice floes, and it was forced to drift at a speed of 6-8 kilometers per day. The thickness of the ice in this area reached 3-4 meters. The distance from the ship to the ice edge is about 800 kilometers. "" was firmly captured in the Ross Sea.

On a command from Moscow, part of the crew and researchers were removed by helicopters and transferred to other ships. On "" there were 53 people led by the captain.

In order to rescue a ship from a drifting trap, at the request of the USSR State Committee for Hydrometeorology, the Ministry navy allocated the icebreaker "Vladivostok" of the Far Eastern Shipping Company, and the Ministry of Civil Aviation - deck-based helicopters under the command of B.V. Lyalina. Their arrival at the Ross Sea required considerable time.

The icebreaker "Vladivostok" was loaded at an accelerated pace with additional fuel, food, sets of warm clothes (in case of a long wintering, or even disembarkation of people on the ice), a triple supply of towing cables, and spare parts for towing winches. Neither at "", nor at "Vladivostok", nor in the ministries could imagine how the situation would develop. The Ross Sea was little explored and harbored a lot of mysteries.

And this ship "" was deprived of mobility. Rudder and propeller jammed with ice. Visibility is limited to the twilight of the south polar night. The air temperature is minus 20-25 degrees. The ship drifted in the center of steady multi-year ice.

The captain mobilized everything for the life support of the "prisoner". He monitored massive ice movements, hummocks that were dangerously close. Three times a day I got in touch with the station "Molodezhnaya", which was literally "torn apart" by the editorial offices of newspapers, radio, television in many countries of the world, demanding information: "How is it" "?". Because of magnetic storms the crew itself lost the audibility of Moscow, Leningrad.

By the end of June, "" survived the hundredth day of drifting. Hummocks rose near the ship. Their height reached the upper deck. I had to reduce the consumption of electricity, steam, fresh water. They refused to heat a number of service rooms, ballast tanks. A sanitary day (washing, shower, bath, and so on) was now arranged only twice a month. The measures taken made it possible to save up to 2.5 tons of fuel daily. The captain firmly set the task: to hold out until the Vladivostok approach.

Leaving the port of Vladivostok on June 10, 1985, the Vladivostok icebreaker, squeezing all the power out of the machines, rushed to the southern latitudes. In New Zealand, the head of a special relief expedition appointed by the Council of Ministers of the USSR "" boarded it. The famous polar explorer was responsible for coordinating the actions of all technical means and personnel in rescuing "" from ice captivity.

On the 36th day, not without risk and enormous difficulties, Vladivostok (not designed for severe storm conditions open ocean: his element is ice after all) overcame the "roaring" 40th and "furious" 50th latitudes. Often both of its sides completely went under water. However, the deck cargo placed in shelters was saved. The icebreaker established a radiotelephone connection with "" and "Pavel Korchagin" (the latter secured the "captive" at the ice edge). After exchanging data on the situation, they wished each other a speedy meeting.

Icebergs soon began to appear. On the navigation bridge, the watch was strengthened. July 18, 1985 met with "Pavel Korchagin". They took a helicopter from him and wished him a happy return to Arkhangelsk. At full steam "Vladivostok" went to ram the young ice. There were 600 miles to " ".

The news of the arrival of "Vladivostok" delighted the crew "". Despite desperate storms and a hopeless round-the-clock night, they were preparing for the meeting with tenfold energy: they sorted out the main engines, checked the propulsion system, freed the propeller and rudder from ice. In order to prevent the latter from freezing again, the main engines were "driven" around the clock. The saved fuel reserves made it possible to do this.

On July 26, 1985, "Vladivostok" was already "wheeling" around "" with tacks, chipping off the ice. Inclement weather did not favor the actions of the crews. Terrible southwest winds were blowing. The air temperature is 34 degrees. Antarctica threatened to seize, shackle tightly, tie both icebreakers to itself.

Hero Soviet Union, Honored Pilot Russian Federation Boris Lyalin - professional high class, as they say, the pilot is from God. He is known and respected not only in our country, his name is well known in many countries of the world. With his flying skills and courage, he increased the glory of our hero-pilots. He mastered many air routes in the skies of our Motherland, Bulgaria, Poland, Mozambique, Congo, India and other countries. He also conquered the airspace of the sixth continent - Antarctica: he drifted with the Soviet-American expedition on an ice floe in the Weddell Sea, took out a scientific polar expedition to the mainland (when the ship "Mikhail Somov", on board of which the scientists were, fell into ice captivity). Lyalin has almost 14 thousand flight hours, of which 9 thousand - in the harsh and difficult conditions of the polar nights of the Arctic and Antarctic. Boris Lyalin stood at the origins of the creation of aviation EMERCOM of Russia.

The Decree of the Government "On the Creation of the State Unitary Aviation Enterprise of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia" was issued on May 10, 1995, and the Ministry's Aviation Administration was soon established. The formation of the GUAP, flight units, their staffing and equipping with aviation equipment began. All this (including the selection and placement of flight personnel) was personally handled by the head of the Aviation Administration, Colonel R.Sh. Zakirov. Every day, people who decided to work in the Ministry of Emergencies Aviation and devote themselves to the cause of saving human lives were waiting for interviews in his waiting room. In a word, the summer of 1995 turned out to be very busy for the newly created service.

On one of the August days (the author of this article worked at that time as the head of the secretariat of R.Sh. Zakirov), a tall, stately man appeared in the reception room, the star of the Hero of the Soviet Union sparkled on the lapel of his well-tailored jacket. A wide kind smile immediately disposed to the visitor. "Lyalin Boris Vasilyevich," he introduced himself. While the head of the aviation department was at a meeting with the minister, we managed to talk about a lot.

Boris Vasilyevich told what considerations led him to the Ministry of Emergencies: “I flew a lot, I had to save people, even in Antarctica, so I am a rescue pilot in my life, and here is such an opportunity. I realized that my place is in the aviation of the Ministry of Emergencies, and I must be in its ranks." It turned out that Lyalin worked for a long time in Yakutia, served reindeer farms, geological expeditions, gold mining enterprises, and carried out reconnaissance of the BAM route. He mastered the air routes of the North, Siberia and Far East provided the indigenous population of these regions with everything they needed.

And then I remembered that I had already heard this name - Lyalin - much earlier. In the summer of 1985, all means mass media they talked about the research expedition ship "Mikhail Somov", which was trapped in ice off the coast of Antarctica. We all closely followed the progress of the rescue operation. "So it was you who flew the Mikhail Somov ten years ago?"

“Yes, my link worked to save people,” Boris confirmed.

I immediately thought: if Boris Vasilyevich will work in our aviation enterprise, it is necessary to write about it. In addition, there is reason to recall the operation to rescue the Chelyuskinites, to talk about the continuity of generations of Russian pilots.

…FROM memorial day Ten years have passed since our first meeting. Today, Boris Vasilyevich Lyalin is Deputy Director - Chief of Staff of the Aviation Enterprise of the Ministry of Emergency Situations. Together with Boris Vasilyevich, we worked on the commission for the preparation of the celebration of the 10th anniversary of the Ministry of Emergency Situations aviation. While watching the short film "Sky Rescuers", which began with historical footage of the operation to evacuate the polar expedition from the steamer "Chelyuskin", I asked Boris Vasilyevich to tell about the events of 1985, the ship "Mikhail Somov", stuck in the ice of Antarctica. But Lyalin decided (as if he knew about my idea!) First, after all, to recall the details of the operation to rescue the Chelyuskinites, probably, and he felt this invisible connection decades later.

Cargo-passenger steamer "Chelyuskin" with a complex polar expedition O.Yu. Schmidt set sail on board in August 1933. The task of the expedition was to pass the Northern Sea Route in one navigation and go through the Bering Strait to Pacific Ocean. In the Chukchi Sea, near the Bering Strait, the Chelyuskin fell into the clutches of drifting ice, froze into them, and sank on February 13, 1934. 104 people managed to land on the ice floe, unloaded food supplies, warm clothes, tents and expeditionary equipment. Despite all the drama of the situation, they were optimistic: they knew for sure that the Motherland would not leave them without help.

In this situation, the Soviet government took the most decisive measures to evacuate people to the mainland with the help of aviation. It seemed to many abroad that it was absolutely unrealistic to do this!

The pilots sent to rescue the Chelyuskinites, overcoming severe frosts, snowstorms, icing of cars, demonstrated not only flying skills, but also genuine heroism. The first, after twenty-nine attempts, made his way to the camp and landed on the ice floe, the polar pilot A.V. Lyapidevsky. He brought 12 people to the mainland. Behind him (in extremely difficult weather conditions), S.A. flew in turn to the camp of polar explorers. Levanevsky, B.C. Molokov, N.P. Kamanin, M.T. Slepnev, M.V. Vodopyanov and I.V. Doronin. They evacuated all the other Chelyuskinites. The rescue operation took place in extremely difficult conditions. Suffice it to say that the prisoners of the ice camp had to re-prepare the landing strips 15 times, which were destroyed due to the movement of the ice.

An air rescue operation unparalleled in history demonstrated the enormous capabilities of aviation. The Government Commission for the Rescue of the Chelyuskinites reported to the Council People's Commissars THE USSR: " Soviet aviation won. Our people on our machines showed the whole world how high the level of aviation technology and aerobatics is in our country. Exposing themselves to enormous dangers, risking their lives, they flew the planes to their intended goal and achieved success.

Seven pilots - participants in the rescue operation: A.V. Lyapidevsky, S.A. Levanevsky, B.C. Molokov, N.P. Kamanin, M.T. Slepnev, M.V. Vodopyanov, I.V. Doronin - the first to be awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In total, 11,664 people were awarded this high title in the Soviet Union. The gold star of the Hero of the Soviet Union No. 10756 was received by polar explorer, successor to the work of the brave rescue pilots of the USSR Boris Vasilievich Lyalin.

Events with the research expedition ship "Mikhail Somov" developed approximately according to the same scenario with the "Chelyuskin". The diesel-electric ship arrived in the area of ​​the Russkaya Antarctic station, and almost immediately upon arrival, on March 9, 1985, unloading of the vessel began. Somov helicopter pilots delivered building structures, panels, blocks, other materials and equipment to winterers, but due to bad weather, only a few flights were made in three days.

By mid-March, the weather became even worse: a strong wind, with gusts of up to 50 meters per second, was added to severe frosts. The ship began to make its way to the northeast, trying to pass the most dangerous zone - the Aristov Bank, where heaps of ice were always observed. In the ice blockade "Mikhail Somov" was March 26. By this time, with the help of helicopters, the ship was unloaded, and the composition of the winterers was replaced. The crew of the ship made every attempt to free themselves from ice captivity, but they were unsuccessful. Hydrometeorological and ice conditions changed very quickly, it was almost impossible to predict the weather. The country's leadership decided to leave the ship adrift and organize a limited expedition scientific work in Antarctica in winter. Of the 130 members of the crew and the expedition, 77 people were evacuated and sent home.

The names of the conquerors of the Arctic and Antarctic have been immortalized in the Gorki Leninskiye Museum-Reserve near Moscow. On May 30, the Alley of Heroes of Polar Expeditions was solemnly opened there. Russian researchers, including the First Vice-President of the Russian Geographical Society Artur Chilingarov, came to participate in the solemn ceremony.

"Gorki Leninskie" preserve the history of our state, and it is impossible without polar research, pilots, sailors, helicopter pilots, submariners," the famous polar explorer emphasized.

The guests of honor planted lilac bushes on the Alley of Heroes. Now there are ten names.

Artur Nikolaevich Chilingarov- Soviet and Russian explorer of the Arctic and Antarctic, a major Russian oceanologist, state and political figure. Hero of the Soviet Union and Hero of the Russian Federation (one of four people awarded these two higher ranks). Doctor of Geographical Sciences, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Yuri Alexandrovich Senkevich(1937-2003) - member of the Soviet Antarctic expedition and wintering at the Vostok station, member of the international crew of Thor Heyerdahl, TV journalist, doctor, host of the oldest TV show on Soviet and Russian television "Club of Travelers".

Anatoly Mikhailovich Sagalevich- researcher of the World Ocean, professor, one of the creators of the Mir deep-sea submersibles. He made more than 300 dives as the chief pilot of these submersibles, including two deep-sea test dives "Mir-1" and "Mir-2" to depths of more than 6,000 meters. As the commander of Mir-1, at the point of the geographic North Pole, Sagalevich plunged under the ice to a depth of 4300 meters.

Everyone has heard about the Russian deep-sea submersibles Mir-1 and Mir-2. However, few people know that it was with the help of "Worlds", for the first time in the practice of cinema, deep-sea filming was carried out for the famous film "Titanic", a film about the battleship "Bismarck", the Japanese submarine "I-52", etc. Everything that happens according to the script deep under water was filmed by a team headed by A.M. Sagalevich.

Boris Vasilievich Lyalin-Soviet civilian pilot, commander of the Mi-8 helicopters, members of the Soviet Antarctic expedition to free the research vessel "Mikhail Somov" from ice captivity in Antarctica. The hero of the USSR.

Valery Pavlovich Chkalov(1904-1938) – Soviet pilot- tester, brigade commander, crew commander of the ANT-25 aircraft, which in 1937 made the world's first non-stop flight over the North Pole from Moscow to Vancouver (Washington, USA). The hero of the USSR.

Alexey Fyodorovich Tryoshnikov(1914-1991) - oceanologist, geographer, researcher of the Arctic and Antarctic, director of the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, head Geographic Society the USSR .

Ivan Dmitrievich Papanin(1894-1986) - Soviet explorer of the Arctic, head of the drifting research station "North Pole 1", doctor of geographical sciences. Twice Hero of the Soviet Union.

Otto Yulievich Schmidt(1891-1956) - polar explorer, astronomer, mathematician, geophysicist, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences, organizer of the first Soviet drifting research station "North Pole", leader and participant of Arctic sea expeditions along the Northern Sea Route. The hero of the USSR.

Mazuruk Ilya Pavlovich(1906-1989) - polar pilot, major general of aviation, member of the high-latitude Arctic expeditions "North", drifting research stations "North Pole". The hero of the USSR.

Anatoly Vasilievich Lyapidevsky(1908-1983) - Soviet pilot, Major General of Aviation, took part in the rescue of the Chelyuskinites. He made 29 search flights in a snowstorm and in bad weather, before on March 5, 1934, having discovered their camp, he landed on an ice floe and took out 12 people from there - 10 women and two children. The first Hero of the Soviet Union.

As Igor Konyshev, director of Gorok, emphasized, over time the alley will be expanded.

Organizers of the action: charitable foundation "Pure Hearts" and the museum "Gorki Leninskie".

Flying faces

B.V. Lyalin - Soviet civilian pilot, commander of the Mi-8 helicopters of the aviation enterprise of the Ministry of Civil Aviation, Hero of the Soviet Union (1986).

He graduated from 10 classes of high school, 1966 - Kremenchug flight school of civil aviation. He worked in one of the divisions of the Civil Air Fleet.

In mid-February 1985, the research ship "Mikhail Somov" arrived in the area of ​​​​the Russkaya station, located in the Pacific sector of Antarctica. He had to change the composition of the winterers, deliver fuel and food. Suddenly a storm started. The wind speed reached 50 meters per second. The ship was blocked by heavy ice floes, and it is forced to drift at a speed of 6 - 8 kilometers per day. The thickness of the ice in this area reached 3-4 meters. The distance from the ship to the ice edge is about 800 kilometers. "Mikhail Somov" was firmly captured in the Ross Sea. Part of the crew and researchers were removed by helicopters and transferred to other ships. 53 people remained on the Mikhail Somov, led by Captain V.F. Rodchenko. To rescue a ship from a drifting trap, at the request of the USSR State Hydrometeorology Committee, the Ministry of the Navy allocated the icebreaker "Vladivostok" of the Far Eastern Shipping Company, and the Ministry of Civil Aviation - deck-based helicopters under the command of Boris Vasilyevich Lyalin.

Leaving the port of Vladivostok on June 10, 1985, the Vladivostok icebreaker, squeezing all the power out of the machines, rushed to the southern latitudes. In New Zealand, Artur Chilingarov, head of a special expedition to assist Mikhail Somov, appointed by the Council of Ministers of the USSR, boarded it. The well-known polar explorer was responsible for coordinating the actions of all technical means and personnel in rescuing "Mikhail Somov" from ice captivity.

The saved fuel reserves made it possible to do this. July 26 "Vladivostok" was already "wheeling" around the "Mikhail Somov" with tacks, chipping the ice. Inclement weather did not favor the actions of the crews. Terrible southwest winds were blowing. Air temperature - 34 degrees. Antarctica threatened to seize, shackle tightly, tie both icebreakers to itself. As soon as the "Mikhail Somov" broke away from the ice, the "Vladivostok" immediately moved along the channel he had pierced on the way back. "Mikhail Somov" confidently followed his liberator.

By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of February 14, 1986, for the exemplary performance of the task of releasing the scientific expeditionary vessel "Mikhail Somov" from the ice of Antarctica, the skillful leadership of the ships during rescue operations and during the period of drift and the courage and heroism shown at the same time, the commander of the Mi-8 helicopters, Boris Vasilyevich Lyalin, was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.