Presentation of the victory of the USSR in the Second World War, the end of the war. Presentation "May 9 - Victory Day of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War"
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Periodization of the Great Patriotic War 1 period - June 22, 1941 - autumn 1942 - Germany attacked the USSR. Defeats of the Red Army in the first months of the war. The defeat of the Nazis near Moscow. The failure of the plans of the German "blitzkrieg". 2 period - autumn 1942 - 1943 - a radical turning point in the course of the war. Stalingrad and Kursk battles. The collapse of the offensive strategy of Germany and its satellites. 3 period - January 1944 - May 9, 1945 - the end of the Second World War. Liberation of Europe from invaders. rout Nazi Germany. 4 period - August 8 - September 2, 1945 - The defeat and surrender of Japan. End of World War II.
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The results of the Great Patriotic War - the victory of the USSR and the defeat of Germany and its allies. - Preservation of the territorial integrity and sovereignty of the USSR. - The liberation of the peoples of Europe from the German occupation and the restoration of their statehood. - The eradication of fascism and Nazism as a state ideology and policy. - Accession to the USSR of new territories ( East Prussia, southern part Sakhalin, Kuril Islands). - Increasing the international prestige of the USSR. - The USSR has the most powerful army in the world. - Huge human and material losses.
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Human losses during the Second World War (died on the battlefield, died of wounds, died in death camps)
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The reasons for the exorbitant losses of the USSR in the Great Patriotic war. The wide scale of hostilities on the Soviet-German front. Genocide policy of German fascism against prisoners of war and civilians in the occupied Soviet territories. The low combat capability of many units of the Red Army, the miscalculations of the Soviet command. Requirements high command fulfill combat missions at any cost, not stopping at any sacrifice (the nature of Soviet totalitarianism).
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Reasons for the victory of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War. - Huge mobilization opportunities of the Soviet society. - The unity of the front and home front workers. - The unity of the peoples of the USSR. - Patriotism of the Soviet people, mass heroism at the front and in the rear. - Commanding talent of Soviet military leaders. - Help allies in the anti-Hitler coalition. - Huge spaces and natural and climatic conditions unusual for the enemy.
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The meaning of victory Soviet Union in the Great Patriotic War. - The world-historical significance of the victory of the Soviet Union in the Great Patriotic War lies in the fact that: 1) the most bloody war in the history of mankind was completed; 2) the threat of establishing world domination by the states of the Hitlerite bloc was eliminated; 3) the peoples of Europe gained freedom and restored their statehood; 4) dictatorial fascist regimes were liquidated.
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RESULTS OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR 1. Defeat of Nazi Germany, fascist Italy and imperialist Japan - the invading states where totalitarian regimes were formed. Italy has lost its position in the Mediterranean; Germany, being occupied and divided into zones, ceased for a time to be an independent subject of international relations; Japan on Far East and in Asia has lost the positions it had won over a number of decades. 2. The anti-Hitler coalition won - countries with different social systems, pursuing directly opposite goals, who managed to find ways for coordinated actions during the war years. 3. The USSR in World War II suffered the most big losses and greatest casualties. But by the end of the war, the USSR had a huge military force, and its international positions have been strengthened, its authority has grown. 4. The victory over fascism contributed to the rise of the national liberation struggle of the peoples of the colonial countries and their liberation from colonial dependence. 5. Europe, having gone through the war, overcame the traditional notion of the limited political role of the state and recognized the responsibility of the state for maintaining high level economic growth for the viability and security of the country.
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CONSEQUENCES OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR 1. Huge casualties (60 million people). 12 million people lost touch with their homeland. 2. Economic ruin. 3. A huge moral shock as a result of crimes against humanity - mass extermination of civilians, mockery of prisoners, desecration of democratic principles and human rights.
Pechora River School - branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education
"GUMRF them. Admiral S.O. Makarov"
Theme: Days military glory Russia – Memorable Days of Military Glory of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
Designed by:
Lecturer-organizer
Mityaev Igor Ivanovich
2017
Day of military glory of Russia - Victory Day Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War on May 9, 1945
For many years, Victory Day has been celebrated by all citizens of Russia and other countries without exception. former USSR. Starting a conversation about Victory Day, one cannot fail to say how long the final push was before the end of hostilities. The offensive of the Soviet troops in the region of Poland and Prussia took place in January 1945.
Allied troops also did not stand still and were rapidly moving towards Berlin. According to many historians and analysts, the complete defeat of Germany was marked by Hitler's suicide on April 30, 1945. However, this did not stop the troops of Nazi Germany.
Only bloody battles for Berlin led to the final victory of the USSR and the allies, but at too high a cost. Hundreds of thousands were killed on both sides - and on May 2, the capital of Germany capitulated. This was followed by the surrender of Germany itself.
So, despite the fact that some military operations continued after May 9, 1945, this particular day is considered the day of the defeat of Nazi Germany. Why was this date chosen? Everything is simple. On May 9, 1945, the surrender of Germany was signed and all its troops were obliged to lay down their arms.
But in reality, not all military units of the Third Reich did just that. This was due to the reluctance of some representatives of the German officers end the service of the country in captivity. And yet - the banal lack of communication, which led to disinformation and subsequent casualties on both sides.
The collapse of the Soviet Union was marked by problems for the newly formed states. There were various conflicts on political grounds, the governments that were not yet fully created or staffed were not up to organizing public celebrations. Finally, in 1995, a full-fledged celebration of Victory Day resumed in Russia.
That year, two whole parades took place, one of which, on foot, was on Red Square, and the second, with armored vehicles, took place on Poklonnaya Hill. Another official part of the celebration was the obligatory evening fireworks and the laying of wreaths at monuments and memorials.
At the parade, the consolidated regiments of the fronts marched: Karelian, Leningrad, 1st Baltic, 3rd, 2nd and 1st Belorussian, 1st, 4th, 2nd and 3rd Ukrainian, consolidated regiment Navy.
As part of the regiment of the 1st Belorussian Front, representatives of the Polish Army marched in a special column. The commanders of the fronts and armies marched ahead of the combined regiments of the fronts, the Heroes of the Soviet Union carried the banners of famous units and formations. The parade ended with a march of 200 standard-bearers, throwing the banners of the defeated German troops onto the platform at the foot of the Mausoleum.
On May 9, 1995, on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Victory, a Grand opening Memorial Complex of Victory in the Great Patriotic War.
Slides and text of this presentation
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Reasons, price and significance of the Great Victory
Completed by students of class 11 "A" Lazutina Alexandra, Vinogradova Yulia Supervisor: Nikitishina I.V.
Municipal educational institution average comprehensive school No. 93 with in-depth study individual items
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Lesson plan:
Potsdam Conference Victory Parade in Moscow Reasons for victory Cost of Victory and results of the war Post-war settlement
“Your name is unknown. Your deed is immortal." Eternal flame at the Kremlin wall. Moscow.
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Potsdam Conference
July 17 to August 2, 1945 in Potsdam, a conference was held with the participation of the heads of state of the anti-Hitler coalition - I.V. Stalin, G. Truman, W. Churchill (during the conference he was replaced by the new Prime Minister C. Attlee). G. Truman, unlike F. Roosevelt, pursued a diplomacy of pressure and threats. C. Attlee, who did not have the experience of W. Churchill, was inclined to blindly support the position of the United States on all controversial issues. However, despite the disagreements, the conference participants managed to come to an agreement on many issues.
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Harry Truman
Truman Harry (1884-1972), American statesman, 33rd President of the United States (1945-53), from the Democratic Party; vice president from January - April 1945. Ordered the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. One of the initiators of the creation of NATO. His name is associated with both the continuation of socio-economic reforms in the spirit of F. D. Roosevelt's "New Deal" and the beginning of " cold war". Truman advocated a tough confrontation between the USSR and the forces of communism (the policy of "containment") and the assertion of the sole leadership of the United States around the world.
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General principles German policy:
"Four de-": Demilitarization - the elimination of all weapons of a strategic nature Decartelization - the dissolution of industrial associations that produced weapons Denazification - the elimination of the remnants of Nazism Democratization - perestroika political life on a democratic basis
How was the question of borders resolved?
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Changing borders in Europe:
Silesia and Pomerania were transferred to Poland, part of East Prussia, the USSR retained the Baltic States, the West. Ukraine and Zap. Belarus, Moldova. Also part of the East. Prussia (now the Kaliningrad region) and Transcarpathian Ukraine. Decisions of the Munich Conference of 1938. were cancelled. Czechoslovakia became a single, integral state. Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Greece, Albania returned to their former borders. Italy lost all its colonial possessions. Taking into account the huge losses suffered by the USSR in World War II, 50% of the reparations paid by Germany were given to the USSR.
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Victory Parade in Moscow
June 24, 1945 In Moscow, the Victory Parade was held, in which representatives of all fronts and troops participating in the war took part. The parade was commanded by K.K. Rokossovsky, and Zhukov received him. It was the solemn end of the Great Patriotic War: the banners of the troops of the Third Reich were thrown to the Kremlin walls.
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Class task:
Using the materials of the textbook, write down in a notebook the reasons for the victory of the USSR in World War II.
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Reasons for the Victory
The main thing actor and the winner of the Second World War - the multinational people of the USSR. It was he who ensured the historic Victory. These are heroism on the fronts and in the occupied territories, selfless work in the rear, devotion and trust of the Soviet people to the leadership of the country (above all, to I.V. Stalin), his high patriotic enthusiasm. An important condition for achieving the Victory was the accelerated mobilization of the economy, its transfer to a war footing, which made it possible to produce a much larger amount of military equipment compared to the Third Reich.
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An important condition for victory is the alliance of the USSR, Great Britain and the USA in the fight against fascist aggression. A major role was played by military deliveries to the USSR through lend-lease, joint actions of the allies in matters of diplomacy and in military operations. A significant role in achieving the Victory was played by the military art of outstanding Soviet military leaders: K.K. Rokossovsky, N.F. Vatutin, I.S. Koneva, A.M. Vasilevsky, I.Kh.Bagramyan, F.I. Tolbukhin and others.
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Task for independent work:
Using the textbook and additional literature, sum up the victims, losses and destruction in the Great Patriotic War for the Soviet people.
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The Price of Victory
Second World War was the largest and most destructive in the history of mankind. The greatest losses: China - 35 million dead. The USSR - approx. 27 million people Poland - approx. 6 million people Yugoslavia - gok. 1.8 million people In the USSR, 1710 cities and towns were completely destroyed, 48 thousand km railway, 1870 bridges, 427 museums, 1670 churches
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The results of the war
The defeat of the powers that took the path of outright aggression Recognition of the importance of such values as humanism, freedom and equality of peoples The authority of the USSR was strengthened, its influence in the international arena increased
October 16, 1946 International tribunal sentenced to death the top leaders of the fascist empire The war undermined the foundations of the existence of colonial empires
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Post-war settlement
On October 16, 1946, the International Tribunal for the conviction of the main criminals of Nazism began its work in Nuremberg. The highest leaders of the Third Reich were sentenced to death, and those who collaborated with the occupation authorities were held accountable. The countries of the anti-fascist coalition outlined their views on the principles of the post-war world order in the charter of the United Nations (UN), adopted by delegations of 50 states at a conference in San Francisco (April - June 1945). What are the principles of the UN Charter?
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Principles proclaimed by the UN Charter: The need to respect human rights and dignity Equality of small and large nations Compliance with international obligations and international legal norms Commitment of UN members social progress and improve the living conditions of the people.
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Levitan - the act of signing the surrender of Germany
LEVITAN Yuri Borisovich (1914, Vladimir -1983, Moscow), announcer of the All-Union Radio (since 1931), People's Artist of the USSR (1980). Born in the family of a tailor. He read the most important official messages, became famous during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. In the work of Levitan, civic, journalistic and acting expressiveness organically combined.
The act of signing the surrender of Germany
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On the walls of the Reichstag: signatures and autographs
"Lessons of the Great Patriotic War" - Kursk today. Weapon of victory. Kiev today. IL-2. IN AND. Chuikov. T-34. Coat of arms of Kursk. I.S. Konev. G.K. Zhukov. Stalingrad today. "Ferdinand". Creators of great victories. Battle for Stalingrad. Counteroffensive of the Red Army near Stalingrad. Sergiev-Kazan Cathedral. "Katyusha". On the eve of the decisive battles. K.K. Rokossovsky.
"Participants of the Battle of Kursk" - Sonin Ivan Egorovich. Children. Historical meaning. Heroes of the Battle of Kursk. Stormy war years. Kuryans. Troops of the Central Front. Panther. Tigers. Tank battle. Now living rylyane. Troop leadership. Kursk defensive operation. Firework. Citadel. Lomakin Alexey Maksimovich. Soldier. Borovykh Andrey Egorovich.
"Battle of Stalingrad and Kursk" - Battle of Prokhorovka. The balance of power also gradually improved in favor of the Soviet troops. These figures include the dead, the wounded, the sick, and the missing. The first day. Great tank battle near Prokhorovka. Soviet armies, having suffered heavy losses, retreated. A crisis of pro-fascist regimes began in Italy, Romania, Hungary, and Slovakia.
"Results of the Great Patriotic War" - Manchurian operation. Losses of the Red Army. Potsdam conference. Conference of Heads of State. Tula. Brest Fortress. Rokossovsky K.K. General principles of policy. International Tribunal in Nuremberg. Reasons for victory. Japan's Unconditional Surrender Act. Results of the war. Soviet delegation. Moscow.
"Kursk Bulge" - The losses of the enemy were even greater. On the Orlovsky and Belgorod directions, the Red Army went on the offensive. A decision was made to exhaust the enemy with defensive battles, and then go on the offensive. Broken Panther. Battle of Kursk Before the Battle of Kursk. After stubborn, bloody battles, German troops advanced 10-12 km.
"Battle of the Kursk Bulge" - 1. Battle of Stalingrad. Russian history. In February, the liberation of Donbass began. Results of the second period of the war. Street fighting in Stalingrad. Stalingrad battle. Prove that the radical turning point in the course of the war took place in 1943? The defeat of the German troops near Stalingrad. Within a month, Kharkov, Orel, Belgorod were liberated.
Total in the topic 22 presentations
