Grading stations in Western Europe. Modernization of marshalling yards in north america Largest marshalling yard

30-12-2013, 16:39
Your attention is a small overview of the largest railway stations in the world in terms of the number of passenger platforms.

Jakarta Kota (Indonesia)

The capital of Indonesia has the largest railway station in Southeast Asia. The station was built in 1870. In 1926, the building and access roads of the station were reconstructed. In particular, the number of landing platforms here has been increased to 12.

Jakarta Kota was officially recognized as a cultural heritage site in 1993 and has become an important historical landmark.

Jakarta Kota serves passenger routes on the island of Java.

Berlin Central Station (Germany)

The current building of Berlin Central Station appeared on the site of the one destroyed during the Second World War. In 2006, the station became the largest transport hub in Europe. It is noteworthy that a multi-level layout of platforms is provided here. Six platforms are located on the top and eight on the bottom tier. The paths, like a web, intersect with each other due to the constructed tunnels and bridges.

The main building of the station is built of glass and steel. More than forty thousand square meters of the station area is allocated here as a commercial zone. Mostly on this vast territory there are shops, restaurants, small shops. The station serves up to 300,000 passengers daily.

Chhatrapati Shivaji Station (India)

This station, located in Mumbai, is said to be one of the most beautiful in the world. The station was built during the era of British colonialism in 1888. At first it bore the name of Queen Victoria. In 1996, the station was renamed and began to bear the name national hero India Chhatrapati Shivaji.

In terms of architectural style, the building of the station resembles a kind of mosaic, in which there are Victorian neo-Gothic, Indo-Saracenic motifs. There are a lot of arches, turrets, domes decorated in an original way. The interior halls of the station are skillfully decorated with wood carvings. There is iron, mostly copper.

In 2004, this historic building was rightfully inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Chhatrapati Shivaji Station today has 18 boarding platforms, which makes it the eighth place in the overall ranking of the largest stations in the world.

Leipzig Central Station (Germany)

The Leipzig railway station is considered the largest in Europe in terms of such an indicator as the occupied area. By the way, it is 83460 square meters. The length of the station facade is 300 meters.

The first stone in the construction of the station was laid back in 1915. During the Second World War, the station building was badly damaged by bombing and was completely rebuilt in the 1950s. After forty years of operation, a new reconstruction of the station followed. After it, the number of landing platforms at the facility reached 24.

Leipzig railway station is considered multi-level. It serves up to 120 thousand passengers daily.

Zurich Central Station (Switzerland)

Zurich Central Station was put into operation in 1847. During its existence, it was rebuilt and reconstructed several times. Now this railway point of the country serves up to half a million passengers daily!

The station has 16 platforms for long-distance trains. There are also 10 platforms for high-speed electric trains EuroCity, Cisalpino, TGV, Intercity-Express and CityNightLine.

In addition, it is noted that the Zurich railway station has the largest covered trading platform, the total area of ​​which is 55,000 square meters.

Termini (Italy)

Termini railway transport hub was opened in 1862. The station takes the second place in terms of area, second only to the railway station in Leipzig.

There are 29 boarding platforms at Termini station, from which trains depart to Paris, Vienna, Munich, Geneva, Basel, as well as suburban services.

The passenger traffic of the Italian station exceeds 400 thousand passengers a day.

Munich main station (Germany)

Munich railway station is the fourth in the world and the second in Europe in terms of the number of platforms - there are 32 of them!

The original station building was rebuilt in 1839. However, a war broke out and the transport hub was destroyed. The station was almost completely rebuilt in 1960. Then this transport point in Germany was able to receive several hundred thousand passengers daily. By the way, today the daily capacity of the station has been increased to 450,000 passengers.

Shinjuku (Japan)

One of the oldest train stations in Japan. Shinjuku was built in 1885. Today it is a real record holder in terms of passenger traffic.

The transport hub passes over three and a half million people daily. Thanks to this indicator, the station got into the Guinness Book of Records. It was in 2007 and today, most likely, the number of passengers has increased.

The station is provided with more than 200 entrances and exits in order to serve such a huge number of people. It should be noted that most of the 36 passenger platforms are occupied by domestic trains, acting as public transport.

North Station (France)

There are 44 platforms at the Gare du Nord in Paris! This is an absolute European record holder!

The station was built in 1846. Despite its age, the station remains one of the most beautiful buildings in the French capital.

Inside the North Station, the infrastructure of public catering and trade is quite well developed. There are dozens of small cafes and restaurants, a lot of boutiques and just small shops.

They say that already today there are projects to expand this railway station, bringing the number of passenger platforms to 77.

New York Central Station (USA)

The world leadership in the number of passenger platforms is occupied by the New York Central Station - Grand Central Terminal.

The station was built in 1871. Here, 44 landing platforms, covering an area of ​​200,000 square meters, are located underground. There, in these underground tunnels, there are shops, restaurants, there is even a museum!

There is also a secret government railway line. It is located at the underground level M42. However, no one knows its exact location. This is understandable! This state secret has been securely guarded since the Second World War.

It should be noted that the station is a favorite place for many tourists. Every year this object attracts more than 21 million tourists from all over the world!

Traveling by train will probably never lose popularity.

It doesn't matter whether you are riding an old steam locomotive through British villages, or rushing through the snow and blizzard along the Trans-Siberian Railway - there is always an interesting and exciting route.

For those who like to travel by rail, the topic is:

10. Jakarta Kota (Indonesia).
The largest railway station in Southeast Asia - located in the capital of Indonesia, the Jakarta Kota station - was built in 1870. After a major reconstruction at the beginning in 1926, the number of boarding platforms at the station was increased to 12. The huge building houses many shops, several food courts (food courts), toilets, ATMs and even a mosque. Jakarta Kota has an important historical and cultural significance in Indonesia, and since 1993 it has been officially recognized as a historical and cultural landmark of Jakarta, which caused an additional influx of tourists to this city.

Jakarta Kota serves passenger routes on the island of Java, through Gambir, Jantinegara, Pasar Senen stations and three routes of the KRL Jabotabek electric train network.

9. Berlin Central Station (Germany).
Berlin Central Station was built on the site of the Lertsky Station, which was destroyed during the Second World War. After opening in 2006, Berlin Central Station has become the largest station in Europe with a multi-level layout of platforms, 6 of which are located on the top and 8 on the lower level. The paths intersect with each other through a system of tunnels and bridges, while the main building is made of glass and steel. 44,000 square meters of the station area is allocated for the commercial zone, most of which is occupied by a shopping center with 80 stores. In addition, the station building houses: a baggage sorting center, luggage storage, parking and several points with free Wi-Fi. The station serves about 300,000 passengers daily.





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8. Chhatrapati Shivaji Station (India).
Chhatrapati Shivaji Station is not only one of the largest, but also one of the most beautiful stations in the world, and in combination - one of the historical sights of Mumbai. The station was built during the era of British colonialism in 1888, and was originally named after Queen Victoria - Victoria Terminus. In 1996, the station was renamed in honor of the national hero of India, Chhatrapati Shivaji. In 2004, this beautiful building was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List, which increased the already considerable flow of tourists. Chhatrapati Shivaji includes commuter train platforms giving a total of 18 boarding platforms and making it the 8th largest station.

7. Leipzig Central Station (Germany).
Station Leipzig - the largest in Europe in terms of area - 83,460 sq.m., and the length of its facade is almost 300 m. The station is multi-level and serves about 120,000 passengers a day. The original project was put into operation in 1915, but during the Second World War the building was badly damaged and was completely rebuilt in the 50s. The second reconstruction - this time in the 90s brought the total number of landing platforms to 24 pieces, which puts it in 7th place in the world in this indicator.





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6. Zurich Central Station (Switzerland).
Zurich Central Station is the largest and busiest railroad station Switzerland. It was opened in 1847, rebuilt and expanded several times, and now serves about 400,000 passengers daily. The station has 16 platforms for long-distance trains and 10 for high-speed trains EuroCity, Cisalpino, TGV, Intercity-Express and CityNightLine. In total, these 26 platforms make it possible to send about a thousand trains from the station per day. In addition to passenger records, the Zurich station also holds the record for the size of the covered shopping area - 55,000 sq.m. There is a shopping center Shop-Ville HB, a cinema and other entertainment facilities.





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5. Termini (Italy).
The Roman Termini station, opened in 1862, still holds the second place in terms of area among all European stations, second only to Leipzig in this indicator. Trains to Paris, Vienna, Munich, Geneva and Basel depart from the station's 29 platforms, as well as local passenger trains and numerous suburban electric trains. The total daily passenger flow of Termini exceeds 400,000, which gives a total of 150 million passengers per year.





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4. Munich Main Station (Germany).
Munich Station is the 4th in the world and the 2nd in Europe in terms of the number of platforms, of which there are 32. The original building was built in 1839, but, like most transport hubs in Germany, it was badly damaged during the war. A major reconstruction took place in 1960, after which the station was able to receive several hundred thousand passengers daily, and today its daily capacity has been increased to 450,000 passengers. The station building houses a huge number of shops, an underground shopping arcade, a children's museum and a hotel. In addition to 32 ground platforms, two underground high-speed transport systems pass through Munich Main Station - S-Bahn (2 boarding platforms) and U-Bahn (6 more platforms).





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3. Shinjuku (Japan).
Built in 1885, Shinjuku Station today is the absolute champion in terms of passenger traffic - 3.6 million people daily, and thanks to this it even got into the Guinness Book of Records. Moreover, the data is already outdated - for 2007, now it is quite possible that there were even more passengers. In order to serve such a mind-boggling number of passengers, the station is equipped with a total of more than 200 entrances and exits. Most of the 36 platforms are occupied by trains of local public transport systems, there are not so many long-distance trains to Shinjuku.





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2. North station (France).
The Paris North Station holds the record in Europe for the number of platforms - 44, two of which are not available for public use and are reserved for special needs. Built in 1846, Gare du Nord is still one of the most beautiful and majestic buildings in Paris and one of the symbols of Europe. Inside the station are dozens of cafes, souvenir shops, newsstands, ticket machines and toilets (including toilets with baby changing rooms). Projects for the subsequent expansion of the station include its expansion to 77 boarding platforms, which will make it the absolute world champion in this indicator.

There are stations that you can not forget. More than one rating of beautiful stations in the world and beautiful stations in Russia has been compiled. Among the Moscow railway stations there is the largest and oldest.

The largest railway station in Moscow

Through the stations of Moscow, as through the gates, a huge number of visitors enter the capital. The largest in the capital is the Kursk railway station. It is a gigantic complex built of concrete and glass. Despite the fact that today the building has impressive dimensions, at first after construction it was one of the smallest in the city. In 1866, the Kursk railway station was called Nizhegorodsky and was located outside the city. This was beneficial in terms of lower taxes. The station was a small log building. Only in 1894, when the construction of the Moscow-Kursk railway began, a new luxurious building of the Kursk railway station was built on the Garden Ring. The New Kursky and Nizhny Novgorod railway stations were merged in 1896. The modern building of the Kursk railway station, which receives about eleven thousand passengers daily, was built in 1972.

Largest and most beautiful railway stations in the world

According to the beauty and size of the world's railway stations, the TOP was compiled, it included some stations that stand out for their luxury, beauty and size. In tenth place is the largest cable transport station. Its architect is Zahi Hadid. This station was built for cable car in Austrian Innsbruck. The roof of the station looks like a moving wave, which gives it a unique look.

In eighth place, the unique in architecture Australian railway station "Southern Cross". Its uniqueness lies in the corrugated roof. Seventh place behind the Malaysian railway station Kuala Lumpur. The retro architecture gives it a wonderful look - it is a combination of the old Western style with a cultural and historical look.

Kanazawa Station in Japan looks grandiose. The height of the gate, created in the traditional Japanese style, is fourteen meters. The western and eastern parts of the station are covered with a glass dome of three thousand sheets of glass.

The fifth position is occupied by an architecturally reminiscent church, Antwerp Central Station. The building was built in 1905. In the west of Beijing, the West Railway Station was built not so long ago. Construction took three years and was completed in 1996. This railway station is the largest in Asia.

Berlin Central Station is in third place in the ranking. It is the largest in Europe and boasts a unique architecture. The opening took place in 2006. Today it serves about three hundred and fifty thousand passengers and about one thousand eight hundred trains.

In second place is one of the largest railway stations in India - this is the Chhatrapati Shivaji Station in Mumbai. Its architect is Frederick William Stevens.

The oldest station in Moscow

The oldest railway station in Moscow is the Leningradsky railway station. It was built in 1844-1849 at the direction of Tsar Nicholas I in order to connect the two capitals. The architects were R. A. Zhelyazevich and K. A. Ton. The station in Moscow and the station in St. Petersburg are "twins", as they were built according to the same project.

In 1855, the station was renamed Nikolaevsky, and in 1923, Oktyabrsky. A year later, after Petersburg began to be called Leningrad, the station was also renamed and began to bear the name of Leningradsky.

Reconstructions were carried out more than once, the last one was from 2009 to 2013. The building of the Leningradsky railway station is an architectural monument protected by the state.

The most beautiful railway station in Russia

Among Russian stations, it is impossible to name one of the most beautiful, since there are many beautiful stations that claim this title. One of them is the railway station in Samara, built in 2001. It is not only one of the most beautiful, but also the highest in Europe. His highest point is located at a height of one hundred meters, and an observation deck was built at a height of ninety-five meters. This building differs from most railway stations in Russia by its modernity. The building can be called futuristic.

The station building in Krasnoyarsk was built in the neo-Russian style with some baroque elements. Its architect is Sergey Solovyov. The station began work in 1895. Since then, several renovations have been carried out, while the quaint appearance of the building has not been changed. Extraordinarily beautiful and station Square, where a fountain and several sculptural compositions are installed.

The railway station in the city of Sochi, as well as its "twin" in Simferopol, resembles the palace of a certain padishah. Its design and luxurious appearance surprises all passers-by and tourists. The station is one of the attractions of the city.

By the way, the most expensive roads are not railway, but automobile. For example, the construction of one of the highways in Switzerland cost 42 million dollars per kilometer. But there are more expensive ways. The editors of the site managed to find out everything about the most expensive roads in the world.
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In November, I went north, to Ust-Luga, where one of the largest railway stations in our country (they tell me that it is already the largest) and Europe is located. This station serves the port of Ust-Luga. The station consists of three parks (five in the future) and one state-of-the-art marshalling hump, where trains are pushed and unloaded automatically.

1. A marshalling yard is needed to handle cargo that comes into or out of a port. Initially, a huge potential for the development of the station was laid, and it was gradually completed to a gigantic size. Now the piedmont park contains 44 paths, which makes it the largest in the territory of the former USSR.

2. We will still have to touch on the history of the port and the station itself, since without this it is difficult to assess the scale of the construction. For the first time, talks about a new port started in the early 90s. Russia has lost the four largest ports in the north, which went to small, but very proud and independent countries. Initially, the development of the port was very mediocre, but in 2008 the global crisis suddenly attacked and ... tens of billions of rubles were invested in the port and infrastructure. As a result, our country received its own modern port, a huge railway station and related infrastructure. And all this with an almost unlimited development prospect. The picture shows the state of the area in 2005. The port is in its infancy.

3. 2009 The finest hour of the port has already struck and continues. Development began in leaps and bounds. A noticeable flow of traffic from the Baltic ports began and transit money began to remain in our country.

4. 2013 There is still a year before the second high point. In 2014, sanctions spurred on, “our Crimean” and the Ukrainian crisis - Ust-Luga became the main hub for Kaliningrad, providing a stable cargo connection with the Russian enclave in the Baltic (including for defense needs), and, despite the general economic recession, cargo turnover continues to grow rapidly.

5. Modern shot from space.

Growth of cargo turnover in the port. A colossal leap into the 2010s that continues.
2003 - 0.44 million tons
2005 - 0.71 million tons
2008 - 6.76 million tons
2011 - 22.7 million tons
2013 - 62.6 million tons
2015 - 84 million tons
2016 - 93.4 million tons.

6. Scheme of location of station parks. It, of course, gives only an approximate understanding of the scale.

7. The total building area of ​​the Ust-Luga railway junction is 930 hectares, of which 270 hectares are occupied by the sorting system of the Luzhskaya station. The total length of the tracks of the Ust-Luga railway junction for full development will be more than 300 km. Today, the Ust-Luga railway junction is a single railway station Luzhskaya, three parks have been built within its borders to service cargo terminals: Luzhskaya-Northern, Luzhskaya-South and Luzhskaya-Neftyanaya.

8. - Luzhskaya-Severnaya Park serves the coal transshipment complex, the universal transshipment complex, as well as the transshipment complex
technical sulfur.
- Luzhskaya-Yuzhnaya Park serves the Yug-2 transshipment complex, the automobile and railway ferry complex, and the container terminal.
- The Luzhskaya-Neftyanaya Park serves the bulk oil cargo complex.

To serve promising cargo terminals: metallurgical and mineral fertilizers, the construction of the Luzhskaya-Generalnaya park is envisaged, in addition, the project includes the construction of the Luzhskaya-Vostochnaya park in the northern part of the port of Ust-Luga.

9. And, of course, the grandiose Luga sorting.

10. I will put here also this diagram, taken from periskop.su a - here the boundaries of the zone where Siemens equipment is used are marked. We will talk about this in more detail below, I just had questions on Instagram, they say, how much foreign equipment is there. In the total volume of the station, it occupies 20%.

11. Let's go to the control room and see how it's all managed. The control post of the duty officer on the hill. The screen shows the status of tracks, retarders and other equipment. Exactly this workplace integrated with Siemens equipment.

12. Other workplaces (posts on duty at the reception park, transit park, departure park and station attendant) are equipped with standard RZD technologies and are located in the back of the hall. All control comes only from the screen.

13. Podgorochny park. And the composition is fed to the hill for further sorting.

14. Duty officer at Luzhskaya station - Ainura Aliyeva.

15. Now let's look at the work of the slide itself. After the dissolution of the wagons, under the influence of gravity, the wagons begin to roll down. By the way, this slide allows you to disband two trains at the same time! Next, the car passes through special retarders, which set the interval for the cars, slow them down and provide the desired speed on the marshalling tracks.

16. The second (middle) braking position, in addition to intervals, provides joint regulation of the cut rolling speed, the third braking position provides targeted braking of the cut, depending on the occupancy of the hump path.

17. The most important difference between this slide and all others that work in our country is that it is silent. Unlike pneumatic retarder drives, hydraulic ones are used here.

18. The carriages are already rolling on their way.

19. Wheelset counter.

20. Retarder drive. Everything is electrically heated.

21. The operation of the slide is fully automated. The system knows the weight of the wagon, the state of the weather, the rails, the strength of the wind and its direction. All this, the control system takes into account and sets the braking force in all areas of deceleration.

22. In front of the tracks of the park there is a third stage of deceleration and, on some tracks, additional compensators-retarders.

23. They serve for the dissolution of dangerous goods of category II (piston retarger - in English terminology). Yes, the slide can, for the first time in Russia, sort oil and other dangerous goods of the second category

24. Radar for determining the speed of cars at the dissolution.

25. The third stage of braking and additional compensators-retarders.

26. Another innovation is this cable-drawn mini locomotive. It serves to push the wagons to their place. They replace shunting locomotives in the piedmont park and reduce the time for compiling a train by two or three times.

27. With these tendrils with rollers, the trolley pushes the wagons by the wheelset. It operates throughout the fleet of 106 cars.

28. And the station lives its own life - here comes the track equipment.

29. And it's time for me to get acquainted with the automatic mode of operation of the locomotive. Now he is in manual control following me to the foothill park.

30. Diesel locomotive driver Denis Mundinger explains how automatic control takes place.

31. In 2015, for the first time in Russia, at the Luzhskaya station of the Oktyabrskaya Railway, the technology of thrusting and dismantling of trains by a hump locomotive was introduced without the participation of a driver (in a fully automatic mode). In September 2017, the share of work in this mode was 97.6%.

32. Under automatic control, the train is thrust and disbanded from the hill. Change of path and hitching to a new composition for sorting. In the photo we are climbing up the hill. After passing the traffic light MG2, the driver switched the locomotive to automatic mode and then he went on his own.

33. The diesel locomotive left for the beginning of the tracks, waited until the route was assembled, made a coupling with the train, pushed up the hill and disbanded the cars.

34. According to the rules, the driver must be in the cab. But, he can leave his workplace. Although usually he sits and watches the process. Now, when the technology is debugged, intervention is required very rarely.

35. While work is in progress, a second diesel locomotive drove past us. He goes to help the electric locomotive, which stalled on the rise with a heavy train. The rails are wet, the electric locomotive is light, the train is heavy, it drove uphill at low speed. The result was predictable. But, it's okay, the locomotive will pull everyone out now.

36. Machinist Denis Mundinger oversees the dissolution.

37. It is very unusual to see how a diesel locomotive drives by itself. Sets the speed, brakes with pneumatics, regulates the speed and so on.

38. When the port of Ust-Luga reaches its full capacity, unloading at the Luzhskaya station will amount to more than 3,500 wagons per day.

39. Control center. By the way, in many of the photographs you could see the contact network. On October 18, 2017, the commercial operation of the electrified Weimarn-Luzhskaya section was launched as part of the Kuzbass-North-West test site.

40. Releaser. Here, his work cannot be automated while there is an SA-3 automatic coupler.

41. On the scoreboard, he is shown the number of wagons that need to be unhooked. With a long poker, he uncoupled, and the cars rolled further down the hill themselves.

42. Arrived on the hill new composition for sorting.

43. Podgorochny park. The colossal amount of work done in short term where there was nothing.

44. And our locomotive went for the next train.

45. General form for sorting in early autumn. From the ground, this scale is not visible at all.

Many thanks to the press service of Russian Railways and the Oktyabrskaya railway for organizing the shoot.