Presentation of anglicisms in Russian research work. Presentation on the topic "Anglicisms"
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A.S. Pushkin's poem "Eugene Onegin" 1. He cut his hair in the latest fashion, As a dandy Londoner dressed - And finally saw the light. 2. In front of him is a bloody roast-beaf And shoes, the luxury of youth French cuisine is the best color. 3. Then, that Beaf-steaks and Strasbourg Champagne pie could not always pour over a bottle. 4. Like Child Harold, gloomy, languid, He appeared in the living rooms ... 5. And for a long time the heart was sad, "Poor Yorick" he said dejectedly. 6. Read, here's Pradt, here's Walter Scott If you don't want it, check the consumption... 7. That which is autocratic fashion In a high London circle Is called Vulgar.
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*blog *blogger *browser *login*spam Information technology
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Cinematography *horror *blockbuster *western USA *prime time *cyborg
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*base jumping *zorbing *kickboxing *paintball *surfing *fitness Sports
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Business, Trade & Economics * Bestseller * Business * Businessman * Marketing * Price List * Default
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Fashion *brand *top *body shirt *topless * hand-made
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Life *mixer *shaker *toaster *fast food *hot dog
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Ways of forming anglicisms 1. Direct borrowings: weekend - weekend; Black - Negro; money - money 2. Hybrids: ask (to ask - ask), buzz (busy - restless, fussy) 3. Tracing paper: menu, password, disk, virus, club, sarcophagus 4. Semi-calling: drive - drive (drive) “For a long time there was no such drive” - in the meaning of “fuse, energy” 5. Exoticisms: chips (chips), hot dog (hot-dog), cheeseburger (cheeseburger) 6. Foreign inclusions: okay (OK); wow (Wow!) 7. Composites: second-hand - a store selling used clothes; video-salon - a room for watching movies 8. Jargon: to escape - to leave, to escape somewhere
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Poll "Do you use anglicisms in everyday speech?"
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Opinion poll “Does the abundance of anglicisms in modern Russian annoy you?”
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Poll "Do Anglicisms enrich our language, make it richer and better, or do they impoverish the Russian language, distorting it and distorting it?" People who rated the role of Anglicisms positively People who expressed a negative opinion
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Anglicisms used by schoolchildren emphasize their superiority over the rest. Foreign words in students' speech can play the role of original quotations: any term can be quoted, deliberately played up, distorted. Many words are formed by subtracting, adding, moving some sounds in the original English term. The speech of schoolchildren easily absorbs English units. With development computer technology English words increasingly replenish the vocabulary of schoolchildren. But in our colloquial speech the use of borrowed words is not always appropriate. Of course, there is nothing wrong with borrowing itself. However, the meaning of these words should be clear to both the speaker and the listener, and their use should be appropriate and justified. Anglicisms in the life of schoolchildren
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Appendix №1 Modern Anglicisms Economics Fashion Medicine Summit Cardigan Implant Barter Stretch Phytotherapy Default Batnik Hospice Marketing Swinger Euthanasia Monetarism Top Pacemaker Offshore Implant Promoter Suicide Price List Futures Exchange Art Body Art Art Design Performance Florism Remake Track Thriller Rap
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Modern Anglicisms Informatics Parapsychology Other areas of life Browser Intergeist Water park Joystick Psychic ATM Internet Astral body Blockbuster Website Telekinesis Boyfriend E-mail Drive Interactive Image Maker Multimedia Creative Online Sports Mass Media File Armwrestling Millennium Display Biker Nomination Interface Kickboxing Puzzle Scanner Bodybuilding Piercing Printer Promoter Portfolio Laptop Snowboarding Skinheads Mountain biking Talk shows Softball Shop Weekend
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1. Words - terms that have an international character: problem, factor, concert, office, uniform, loan, sprinter, center, service, reform, farmer, protest, transport, system, object, telephone, garage, plastic, information, interview, business, fireworks, crime, leader, champion, medal, dialogue, company, statistics, maximum, conference, material, conflict, complex, organization, conference, national, etc. 2. Words that have synonyms in Russian: Reconstruction ( from English reconstruction) - restructuring Phyto - center (from English fit) - slender, healthy Presentation (from English presentation) - presentation Design (from English design) - drawing, sketch, pattern Teenager (from English teenager) - teenager Department (from English department) - department Constructive (from English constructive) - creative Deficit (from English deficit) - shortage Region (from English region) - area Season (from English season) - time of year Communications (from English communication) - message Exclusive (from English exclusive) - exclude chival Subsidy (from English. subsidy) - subsidy 3. Words whose meaning is not clear to most native speakers: Piercing (from English piercing) - puncture, injection Hospice (from English hospice) - shelter, almshouse English prolongation) - extension, postponement Appendix No. 2 Anglicisms found in the newspaper "Extra-M"
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Absolute - absolute - complete, pure (fool). Body art. - body - art - the art of physique. Biker - biker - cyclist. Boyfriend - boyfriend - lover, friend. Bowling - bowling - roll balls. Wow - wow - delight, amazement. Group - group - collection. Dealer - dealer - intermediary. Drive - drive - fuse, energy. Display - display - display, exhibition. Dilit - delete - erase. Disc jockey - disk jockey - (announcer) leading a program composed of sound recordings. Crossword - crossword - crossword. Comfort - comfort - convenience. Lovelace - love lace - red tape, seducer of women. Makeup - make up - makeup. Object - object - the object to which attention is directed. Okay - ok - good. Pager - pager - a mobile device for receiving and sending messages. Pressing - pressing - pressure. Student's Dictionary Application No. 3
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Present - present - a gift. Player - player - a tape recorder with headphones. Project -project - preliminary text of some document. Puzzle - puzzle - a puzzle. Pointer -painter - pointer (breed of dog). Risk – risk is the probability of failure. Scandal -scandal - slander, gossip. Skinhead - skin - head - skinhead. Superman - superman - over - man. Site - site - location. Syrup - syrup - a concentrated solution of sugar. Soundtrack - soundtrack - sound track. Skateboard - skate - board - slide on the board. Topic - top - cover (top). Toilet - toilet - restroom. Ups - ups - success. Fact - fact - a real event, a phenomenon. Factor - factor - a moment in some process. Fan - fan - fan. Favorite - favorite - favorite. Check - check - number, receipt. Shaping - shaping - shaping. Schoolboy dictionary
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Crossword Horizontal: 1.Teenager 2.Movie music 3.Internet diary 4.High-selling book 5.Attention-grabbing person Vertical: 1.Blow 2.Horror movie 3.Price list 4.Exception from normal activities 5. Alteration 1 2 1 2 3 3 4 4 5 5
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Cultural-historical prerequisites for the emergence of anglicisms in the Russian language In the history of the process of borrowing anglicisms, several stages can be distinguished: XVI-XVII centuries, XVIII century, XIX century, XX century. The beginning of the immediate rapprochement between Russia and England is considered to be August 24, 1553, when for the first time the English ship "Edward the Good Enterprise" ("Edward Bonaventure") anchored at the mouth of the Northern Dvina River.
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In the 17th century During the reign of Peter I, about 3,000 English words penetrated the Russian language. Special place among them is maritime and shipbuilding terminology (brig 'two-masted sea vessel'; waterline 'a line on the hull along which it is possible to submerge the vessel in water when loading'; ketch (b) 'small single-deck vessel', etc.), Russian students studied mathematics , history, law, medicine, theology, navigation, mineralogy, metallurgy, mechanics, Agriculture. The importance of the English language for the study of maritime affairs was emphasized by the introduction of this language as a subject of teaching in the "navigation" school opened in Moscow. Brig Ketch(b)
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the end XVIII-beginning 19th century There were many people in Russia who knew and loved English. For the sake of being able to read English authors in the original, young Russian romantic writers zealously took up dictionaries. N.M. Karamzin, A.S. Pushkin, M.Yu. Lermontov, L.N. Tolstoy, M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin, V.A. Zhukovsky, I.S. Turgenev, A.A. Fet, A.A. Bestuzhev and other Russian writers were fluent in English. Petersburg English Review of Literature, The Arts and Sciences. Also in St. Petersburg, the "Anglican Club" was opened, in which the elected persons of the Russian nobility spent time. In St. Petersburg in October 1770-January 1771 there was an "English Theater", "English Theater" in St. Petersburg Meeting of the "English Club" in Moscow
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. AT early XIX in. England put forward remarkable poets and writers who took radical and even revolutionary positions: D. Byron, P. Shelley, D. Keats, W. Wadsworth, S. Taylor Coleridge, R. Southey, C. Dickens, W. Thackeray, M. Bronte, El. Graskall and many others. “It was the passion for English literature that made this language more widely used in Russia, brought it beyond the bounds of the closed high society language and art.” R. Southey, W. Wadsworth C. Dickens M. Bronte S. Taylor Coleridge, P. Shelley D. Keats W. Thackeray
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20th century A major role in the penetration of English words into the Russian language of the XX century. play the social and linguistic contacts of our state with the United States. Americanisms occupy a significant percentage in total number English borrowings in Russian.
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The study of borrowings of anglicisms in the modern Russian language of the last decades Research tasks: 1. Determine the reasons for the borrowing of English elements in the Russian language; 2. Analyze theoretical materials related to borrowing; 3. Consider ways of forming anglicisms; 4. Classify the most used anglicisms by areas of communication; 5. Find out the attitude of the population towards the phenomenon under study.
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Ways of forming anglicisms 1. Direct borrowings. weekend - weekend black - black mani - money
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Methods of formation of anglicisms 2. Hybrids. ask (to ask - to ask), buzz (busy - restless, fussy).
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Methods of formation of anglicisms 3. Tracing paper. menu, password, disk, virus, club, sarcophagus.
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Ways of forming anglicisms 4. Half-tracing paper. drive - drive (drive) "For a long time there was no such drive" - in the meaning of "fuse, energy."
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Methods of formation of anglicisms 5. Exoticisms. chips (chips), hot dog (hot-dog), cheeseburger (cheeseburger).
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Methods of formation of anglicisms 6. Foreign inclusions. okay (OK); wow (wow!).
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Ways of formation of anglicisms 7. Composites. second-hand - a store selling used clothes; video-salon - a room for watching movies.
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Definition of anglicism Reasons for borrowing anglicisms Methods of formation of anglicisms (I part) Methods of formation of anglicisms (II part) Conclusion on the methods of formation of anglicisms Classification of anglicisms: - Thematic groups- Words of foreign origin that have synonyms in Russian Social survey and its results
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Definition of Anglicism
A word or figure of speech in any language, borrowed from English or built on an English model
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Reasons for borrowing anglicisms
1. The need for naming new objects, concepts and phenomena (laptop, organizer, scanner). 2. The need to express with the help of anglicism multi-valued descriptive phrases (thermopot - a thermos and a kettle in one, peeling - a cream that removes the top layer of the skin, a quiz radio - or a television game of questions and answers on various topics with prizes). 3. Replenishment of the language with more expressive means (image - instead of an image, price list - instead of a price list, show presentation). 4. Perception of a foreign word as more prestigious (presentation - instead of presentation, exclusive - instead of exclusive). 5. Lack of an appropriate (more accurate) name. 15% of the newest anglicisms are firmly included in the dictionary business man precisely due to the lack of an appropriate name in the language - the receptor (sponsor, spray, virtual). 6. The need to specify the meaning of the word (sandwich hamburger, fishburger, chickenburger, killer - a professional killer).
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Ways of forming Anglicisms (I part)
1) Direct borrowing. The word occurs in Russian in approximately the same form and in the same meaning as in the original language. These are words such as weekend - weekend, mani - money. 2) Hybrids. These words are formed by adding a Russian suffix, prefix and ending to a foreign root. In this case, the value often changes somewhat foreign word- a source, for example: ask (to ask - ask), buzz (busy - restless, fussy). 3) Tracing paper. Words of foreign origin, used with the preservation of their phonetic and graphic appearance. These are words such as menu, password, disk, virus, club. 4) Words that, during grammatical development, obey the rules of Russian grammar (suffixes are added). For example: drive - drive (drive) "For a long time there was no such drive" - in the meaning of "energy".
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Ways of forming anglicisms (part II)
5 Exoticisms. Words that characterize the specific national customs of other peoples and are used in describing non-Russian reality. Distinctive feature of these words is that they do not have Russian synonyms. For example: chips (chips), hot dog (hot-dog), cheeseburger (cheeseburger). 6) Foreign inclusions. These words usually have lexical equivalents, but differ stylistically from them and are fixed in a particular area of communication as an expressive means that gives speech a special expression. For example: ok (ok), wow (wow). 7) Composites. Words consisting of two English words, for example: second-hand - a store selling used clothes; video-salon - a room for watching movies. 8) Jargon. Words that appeared as a result of the distortion of any sounds, for example: crazy (crazy) - crazy.
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Conclusion on the methods of formation of anglicisms
Thus, neologisms can be formed according to the models available in the language, borrowed from other languages, appear as a result of the development of new meanings for already known words.
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Classification of anglicisms
The most frequently occurring words can be divided into several groups; I. Thematic groups. II. Words of foreign origin that have synonyms in Russian.
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Thematic groups
I. Words-terms: 1) Economic terms: - Dumping - “decrease, decrease”, from English damping, one of the meanings of which is “silencing, braking”. - Offshore - in the meaning of "free", from the English off-shore "located at a distance from the coast, on the high seas." - Roaming - "distribution, the possibility of widespread use", from English to roam "to wander, roam". 2) Political terms: - Speaker - the chairman of the parliament, from the English speaker - "orator". - Rating - “assessment”, from English rating - “assessment, assignment to a particular class”. 3) Terms related to computer technology, for example: - Site - from the English site - "location, location". - File - from the English file - "registrar, dossier, case." II. Names of some household items: - Mixer - from the English mixer - "mixing apparatus or device." - Toaster - from the English toaster - "device for toasting". - Shaker - from the English shaker - "a vessel for making cocktails." III. Sports terms. - Diving - scuba diving, from English to dive - "dive, dive into the water." - Skateboard - skating on a board with rollers, from English skate - “skating, sliding” and “board” board.
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Words of foreign origin that have synonyms in Russian
I. Names of some phenomena of musical culture. - Single - a song recorded separately, from the English single - one, the only one. - Remake (remake) - remake, from the English remake in the same meaning. II. The name of some professions, type of activity. - Security - protection, from English security - safety, protection. - Provider - provider, from English provider with the same meaning. III. Terms used in cosmetology. - Lifting - lifting, from English lifting - lifting. - Scrub - a cream for exfoliating, cleansing the skin, from English to scrab - to scratch.
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Social survey and its results
During the ascertaining stage of empirical research, we tried to find out their attitude to the object of research through questioning and interviewing students. The empirical study involved 80 students of grades 10-11 of the secondary school No. 4 of the city of Orsk. The students were asked to answer the questions of the questionnaire developed by us on the basis of the studied literature.
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ANGLICISMS IN THE MODERN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE Completed by Olesya Reuk, Grade 6 MBOU Secondary School No. 2, Bogotola Head Nosyreva O.A. English teacher
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The relevance of our topic is determined by the importance of the English language in the life of Russian society. The aim of the work is to study the causes of the emergence and use of anglicisms in modern Russian, their influence on Russian speech.
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The general goal defined specific research tasks: 1) To analyze the theoretical material related to Anglicisms. 2) Determine the causes and methods of borrowing. 3) Expand and deepen knowledge on English language. 4) Conduct a survey of students in grades 6-11 in order to identify knowledge on the topic under study, 5) find out the attitude of schoolchildren to the phenomenon under study.
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The practical value of the possibility of using the material and results of this study in English lessons, as well as in the further study of foreign borrowings In solving the above tasks, the following methods and techniques were used: the method of analysis and synthesis, the method of collecting information, the method of questioning.
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Anglicism is a word or turn of speech in any language, borrowed from English or created on the model of an English word or expression.
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Reasons for the appearance of anglicisms in the Russian language: 1) Absence in mother tongue equivalent word for a new subject or concept: computer, toaster, impeachment. 2) The possibility of using one borrowed word instead of a descriptive phrase. For example: a hotel for autotourists - a motel, a short press conference for journalists - a briefing. 3) Borrowing scientific and technical terms: Emphasize - emphasize, highlight; similar - similar, similar; vary - change, fluctuate within certain limits; vulgar - rude, simplified, vulgar; to misinform - to mislead. 4) A tribute to fashion, the desire to “decorate” speech: service - service, security - security, shopping - shopping, motorcyclist - biker, party - party, dancing - dancing, loser - loser.
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Thus, the number of anglicisms in the Russian language is large. Among them, 2 main groups can be distinguished: First group Words that came into the language to name new objects or a term that has an international (international) character. Their use in speech in most cases is justified.
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Examples of words - terms that have an international character: Problem, factor, concert, office, uniform, loan, sprinter, center, service, reform, farmer, protest, transport, system, object, telephone, garage, plastic, Information, interview, business , fireworks, crime, leader, champion, medal, dialogue, company, statistics, maximum, conference, material, conflict, complex, organization, conference, etc.
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The second group Words of foreign origin, having synonyms in Russian. They "clog" the language, interfere with the understanding of the meaning. But in many cases this can be avoided by using Russian words and expressions.
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Examples of words that have synonyms in Russian: Reconstruction (from English reconstruction) perestroika, Fito - center (from English fit) - slender, healthy; Presentation (from English presentation) - presentation; Design (from English design) - drawing, sketch, pattern; Teenager (from English teenager) - a teenager; Department (from English department) - department; Constructive (from English constructive) - creative; Deficit (from English deficit) - lack; Region (from English region) - region; Season (from English season) - season; Communications (from English communication) - message; Exclusive (from English exclusive) exclusive; Subsidy (from English subsidy) - subsidy. .
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The colloquium was stormy. The debaters grappled. One said: "Marketing!" Another snapped: "Briefing!" A third barked: "Clearing!" And banged his fist. So in our region Consensus was reached Through pluralism, Although exclusive, But what is very prestigious - Without sponsors, moreover! A.Pyanov, poet-satirist
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Signs of anglicisms English borrowings are characterized by: - the presence of combinations tch, j: sketch, manager, image, jazz; - the presence of combinations of va-, vi-, ve-: watt, whist, whiskey; - end combinations - ing, -men, -er: rally, briefing, rating, businessman, superman, timer.
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Spheres of use of English borrowings 1. Economics and trade (price list, holding, distributor, dealer, broker, barter, charter). 2. Socio-political vocabulary, international legal nominations (parliament, summit, consensus, speechwriter) 3. Nominations government controlled(impeachment, speaker, inauguration, prefecture, electorate, image maker) 4. Sports vocabulary (doping, training, arm wrestling, freestyle, skateboard, kickboxing) 5. Household vocabulary (camping, dancing, shopping, mixer, toaster check). 6. Computer vocabulary (email, spam, blog, chat, cursor, flash drive, browser)
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APPENDIX 1 Borrowings from English in Everyday life schoolchildren - "English" - a transfer from the jargon of schoolchildren from "English" - English ("Are you going to English?"); - "smiley" - from "smile" - smile (Send me a smiley) - "like" - from "like" - love, like ("My photo got a lot of likes) - "boyfriend," - from "friend" - friend, boyfriend; (She has a new boyfriend) - "sms" - from "short message service" - short message (I sent sms) - "face" - from "face" - face ("The main thing in the lesson is not to fall into the dirt with a face "); - "computer" - from "computer" - computer ("My computer freezes again");
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The results of the student survey 1. Do you use borrowed words in your speech? Yes-95% 2. Why do you use them? (part of the respondents chose more than one answer) a) there is no such concept in Russian; 12.5% b) with their help it is easier and faster for me to explain what I want to say; 52.5% c) for me English words are more expressive than the words of the Russian language; 7.5% d) I think that English words are more learned. 5% e) I use English words to concretize the meaning of the Russian language. 22.5%
