Indian education system. Education in India under the state program Features of education in India

29.03.2022

Most people believe that India is currently among the developing countries, which means that education is not given enough attention. In fact, this statement is fundamentally wrong. India has already got out of that unpleasant economic situation, and now the country's educational institutions provide the highest level of education. Many people know that this country has a rich historical heritage. Previously, India occupied a leading position in the educational services market. Then the country experienced a difficult period, which ended several decades ago. A lot of attention is paid to education in India, the state more than ever needs highly qualified specialists.

History of education

Speaking about education in this country, it is impossible to get around the topic of history. As you know, India was the largest cultural and educational center in the world. In 700 B.C. e. it was here that the first university was founded. In India, the foundation was laid for such serious sciences as algebra and trigonometry. On the territory of this country, Sanskrit (an ancient literary language) was created, which became the basis of many other European languages.

The history of education in India is so diverse and vast that it would not take forever to study everything. This is where the art of navigation originated. Oddly enough, the word that now sounds like “navigation” came from there. In those days, it sounded "navgatih", which means "shipmanship" in translation.

Education in ancient India was considered at that time the highest quality. The local scholar Sridharacharya introduced the concept of quadratic equations. Every year, discoveries were made, which today are a very valuable asset.

preschool education

It should be noted that kindergartens in our understanding do not exist in this country. In India, it is customary for the mother to sit with the child until a certain age and teach him. This tradition dates back to ancient times and is diligently performed.

However, recently, due to the fact that both parents are forced to work, there is simply no one to leave the child with. Therefore, certain groups began to be created at preparatory schools. They are divided according to the age of the children and the time spent in them pupils. Usually the kids spend several hours there, learning while playing with the teacher.

In most cases, if a child is in one of these groups, he goes to the school at which it was created. Then parents do not need to waste their time choosing an educational institution. Pre-school education in India is represented only by these groups, which are far from being attended by all children.

Schools

The country has a law that determines that all citizens, regardless of social status, must receive a basic secondary education. There are a number of free public schools, but it is still recommended to send your child to a private institution. This is due to the quality of education, the level of which is much higher in prestigious schools. The cost of such pleasure will be approximately $ 100 per month.

The education system in India is built in such a way that the completion of 10 classes is mandatory. Children enter school at the age of 4 and are trained until the age of 14. Then those who decide to continue their education go to high school for 2 years.

A feature of private institutions is the emphasis on knowledge of languages. They teach not only Hindi, but also English. Moreover, after graduation, the child is fluent in both languages.

Higher education in India

In this country, there are 3 levels of higher education: bachelor's, master's and doctoral studies. The duration of training directly depends on the chosen specialty. So, if you want to become an expert in the field of trade, you will have to study for three years. And the period of study in obtaining a specialty in the field of medicine or agriculture is four years. To enter a higher educational institution for any of the programs, you must have a certificate of complete secondary education. After completing a bachelor's degree, there is an opportunity to study at a master's degree.

The most popular specialties in universities in India are information technology, management, jewelry and pharmacology. For local residents, training can be free. As for foreign students, they are provided with a budget only if they have a grant. The price of education, compared to European universities, is low. To study at the most prestigious institution of higher education, you need to pay 15,000 dollars a year. Distance education has become very popular here.

The best universities in the country

India ranks third in the world in terms of the number of higher education institutions, there are more than 200 institutions, where about six million people study. Each university has its own peculiarity that distinguishes it from others. Education in India is reaching a new level precisely because of the uniqueness of the institutions.

One of the oldest universities is Nalanda University. It was founded in the fifth century AD. e. Reconstruction has recently taken place, and until 2020, 7 faculties will function there. Rajasthan University trains the best specialists in the field of agriculture.

One of the leading universities in India is the University named after M. Gandhi. This university has the best teachers. Here you can get a specialty in the following programs: medicine, physics, chemistry, nanotechnology, philosophy, etc. The level of education in India is quite high thanks to such educational institutions.

How is the educational process going?

The main feature of education in this country is teaching in English. Almost all educational institutions in India use this language to communicate with students. To enter any of the universities, you need to know English well. There are no schools and universities where they teach in Russian in India.

The academic year begins here not in September, but in July. Moreover, each educational institution chooses the start date of the semester (from July 1 to July 20). Holidays for Indian students fall in May and June, which are the hottest months of the year. As for uniforms, girls always wear long dresses, while guys can wear a shirt or T-shirt with shorts.

How can a foreigner enter a university?

To become a student of one of the higher educational institutions in India, you must have a certificate of complete secondary education. It should be noted that the certificate of the Russian sample is equated to the Indian one. That is, you do not need to take additional courses, with the exception of English. A document confirming knowledge of the most popular language in the world is a prerequisite for admission to the bachelor's degree.

To become a master, you need to provide a certificate of complete secondary education and a bachelor's degree. The only condition for all documents is that they must be translated into English, and copies certified by a notary. There is no practice of entrance examinations, only some educational institutions arrange additional tests.

Scholarships and grants

Until recently, only local residents could receive free education in India. However, due to the increase in the level of popularity of universities, this opportunity is now available to foreigners. In order to take part in the competition, you must fill out an application. Every year, leading universities in India allocate several state-funded places for foreign citizens. The Council for Cultural Relations organizes the whole thing.

Grants are provided for various specialties. Anyone can apply, maybe it is he who is lucky enough to become a student of one of the Indian universities.

Citizens of Russia and the CIS countries can get free education in India with the help of government funding programs. The most popular among them is ITEC. This program offers education on a budgetary basis of a federal university in India in one of the specialties: "management", "banking" or "public relations". At the same time, as part of this offer, the student is paid a scholarship of $ 100 per month. Plus, free accommodation in a hotel or hostel is provided.

Living conditions for students

It should be noted that, despite the high level of education in India, living here is not so easy. This is due to the differences in conditions to which we are accustomed. For example, if you take food, you will not find the usual meat, bread or dairy products. In India there is only poultry and cakes. Pharmacies do not sell iodine and other conventional medicines.

Traffic is also a problem here. Traffic lights and pedestrian crossings are installed only in the largest cities. On the streets you can see a lot of poor and dirty people. Those who consider themselves squeamish will not be able to live in India.

Job prospects after graduation

To put it bluntly, finding a job for an international student who does not have Indian citizenship is incredibly difficult, almost impossible. The situation in the country at the moment is such that about 500 specialists of the highest category, who are fluent in Hindi and English, apply for one vacancy. A foreigner who is unlikely to know the local language well, clearly loses against their background.

In fact, the only chance is to prove yourself during your studies as a talented and responsible student. Large enterprises cooperate with universities and do not miss out on truly competent specialists, including foreigners. Therefore, you need to show your best side if you want to stay in the country.

In this article, we briefly reviewed education in India. Now everyone can draw a conclusion for themselves and form an opinion about the level of education in this state.

Studying in India, where such sharp contrasts between wealth and poverty, would seem to lose all interest for an immigrant. However, the practice of studying in this exotic country shows very different results. A large enrollment flow annually rushes towards India. The goal of each potential student is a good education for little money, in the long term - life abroad.

The educational system of India includes several stages:

preschool education;
school (secondary and complete);
secondary vocational education;
higher and postgraduate education with academic degrees (bachelor, master, doctor).

Accordingly, according to the types of education in India, it is divided into secondary, complete secondary, vocational, higher and additional higher education.

The non-state educational system operates under two programs.

The first is to teach students
the second - adults.

Age range - from nine to forty years. There is also an open learning system, within which several open universities and schools operate in the country.

Preschool education

The system of preschool education in India as such does not exist. Home preschool education is traditionally developed in the country. Until the age of four, the child is at home under the supervision of the mother. If both parents are busy at work, they resort to the services of a nanny or relatives. Some schools have preparatory groups, where you can still send the child if it is not possible to educate him at home. In such groups, the baby spends most of the day and, in addition to being under constant supervision, goes through the stage of preparation for school and even begins to learn foreign languages (mainly English).

Compulsory schooling is required for children between the ages of 5 and 14. The school year in Indian schools begins in late March - early April. Studying in schools is divided into two semesters: April-September, October-March. The longest school holidays are in May-June, when heat (45-55º C) covers many parts of India.

Compulsory education is a priority of India's public policy. Approximately 80% of primary schools are state-owned or supported by the authorities. Education is free. Parents of students pay only small amounts for school needs. All tuition costs are covered by the state.

Indian schools are divided into types:

municipal,
state,
private with state support,
boarding schools,
special schools.

Public and non-government schools are managed and funded locally by state governments and local national boards. As a general rule, parents of public school students pay their children's tuition fee once, at the time of admission. Most public schools in India are affiliated with the CBSE (Central Board of Secondary Education) and ICSE (International Center for Secondary Education) organizations.

Public schools are funded and run solely by the government of the country. This type of institution is characterized by the lowest cost of education services.

Russian schools in India

The Russian School in New Delhi implements approved programs for primary, basic and secondary general education.

The language of instruction is Russian. Of course, education for Russian children is quite possible in ordinary Indian schools, both private and public. But all subjects there are taught almost everywhere in English.

Features of higher education

The higher education system in India has a three-tier structure:

undergraduate;
magistracy;
doctoral studies.

The duration of training directly depends on the chosen specialty. So, the period of study in the field of trade, arts is three years, and to get a specialty in the field agriculture, medicine, pharmacology or veterinary medicine, you need to study for four years.

Bachelor's studies require a mandatory document of complete secondary education (12 years).

After completing a bachelor's degree, a graduate has the right to continue his studies in a master's program (2 years) or go to work. In view of the active development of the country's economy in recent decades, the main emphasis in the Indian higher education system is on technical specialties, while the humanities account for about 40% of the total. State and private enterprises are interested in obtaining highly qualified specialists, therefore they take an active part in the development of the educational structure of the country. The most popular majors in Indian higher education institutions are:

IT technologies;
engineering specialties;
management;
pharmacology;
jewelry business.

For citizens of India, education in public institutions of higher education can be free. Foreign citizens are admitted to state universities on a budgetary basis only if the university provides a grant for education. At the same time, the price in commercial Indian universities is quite low by European standards: the cost of two full semesters in the most prestigious higher education institution in India does not exceed $15,000 per year. When entering on a contract basis, the applicant is required to provide proof of solvency (this may be an extract from a bank card).

Virtual and distance learning has become widespread in the system of Indian higher education. Many universities take part in international scientific programs, share their own courses in engineering, information technology and other fields for free.

IT-specialists educated in one of the Indian universities are in demand all over the world today.

Top Universities in India

The most popular areas of study in Indian universities are engineering, management, information technology, pharmacology and jewelry.

Educational process

Teaching at universities in India is conducted, as a rule, in English, so a good language base is one of the main requirements for applicants. There are no higher educational institutions where teaching in Russian would be conducted in India. At individual universities, teaching is conducted in the languages of the respective states in which the university is located. However, even in such universities, English-language education is still preferable even among local residents.

Unlike Russia and many other countries of the world, where the academic year begins in September, Indian schoolchildren and students begin their studies in July. It is curious that each educational institution sets the start date of the educational process independently, that is, studies can begin either on July 1 or on July 20. At the end of each semester, students take exams. As for schools, there is no system of ongoing assessment of knowledge.

At the end of the school year, students take final exams orally or in the form of testing. The longest holidays in Indian educational institutions in May and June are the hottest months in the country. In Indian schools, it is customary to wear a school uniform. Girls wear elongated dresses here, boys wear shirts or T-shirts and shorts.

Tuition fees in 2019

The main advantage of getting an education in the Indian state is the democratic cost of the services of universities and colleges.
The cost of one year of study at a major Indian university does not exceed $15,000. The amount of payment depends on the prestige of the educational institution:

At popular universities, tuition fees for bachelors are around $4,000. per semester;
For masters - about 6 thousand per semester;
In a private university, the cost is often the same for bachelors and masters. On average, this is 5-10 thousand dollars. per semester.

Free education opportunity

Until recently, only local residents could get free higher education in India. But due to the growing popularity of Indian universities, opportunities for free education also began to appear for foreign citizens. To do this, a foreign student needs to take part in a scholarship program. Every year, local universities hold a competition for the issuance of budget places to foreign young people who want to study in them. The program applies to absolutely all specialties confirmed by the government (that is, in legal higher educational institutions; we spoke about fraudulent universities above).

The most popular government funding program is ITEC. It stands for "Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation Program". Thanks to it, more than 800 Russians got the opportunity to study free of charge at Indian universities.

Special programs

Not so long ago, applicants from Russia had the opportunity to study in the Indian state under a special ITEC program. This program is perfect for anyone who wants to improve their knowledge and skills. Anyone who wants to improve their skills can also take part in the program. Course duration varies from 14 days to 52 weeks.

The main advantage of this program is that the participant does not need to pay for the flight, food and accommodation. You can participate in the program by filling out and submitting an application form. You can apply for the program at an Indian diplomatic office.

Participants of the program receive a scholarship in the amount of 5.0 thousand Indian rupees. The amount of the scholarship cannot be called large, but this amount is enough for everyday needs. Considering that everyone can face unexpected expenses, it is necessary to have personal money with you. On average, it is enough for a student to have 300 US dollars / month.

How can a foreigner apply to an Indian university?

Getting higher education in India is becoming more and more popular among foreign students, including Russian ones.

The step by step process is as follows:

make a request to an educational institution through any modern means of communication,
choose the faculty you are interested in,
apply for admission (by regular mail, online, other way),
if approved, fill out a temporary application, pay an entry fee of €1000 + €100 service fee,
receive a certificate confirming the fact of admission,
apply for a student visa at the Indian Embassy by presenting a certificate of admission,
fill out a permanent student questionnaire and send it along with a package of documents.

Established requirements for candidates for admission to the University of India:

age from 25 to 45 years;
recommendation from the employer;
knowledge of English.

Knowledge of English is required, since the entire program takes place in it.

Required documents

For admission to an Indian university, you do not need to take additional entrance tests. And the Russian school certificate corresponds to the local twelve-year school education.

A package of documents for the student's application form (translated into English):

Depending on the situation, additional documents may be required.

Obtaining a student visa

Every person who wants to study in India is required to apply for a student visa. This document entitles the student to stay in the territory of the Indian state during the entire period of study.

To obtain a visa, the applicant undertakes to prepare the following documents:

high-quality photocopy of the first page of the civil passport;
quality photograph;
bank account statement (the amount should vary from 1.0 to 2.0 thousand US dollars);
letter of confirmation of admission to the university;
a photocopy of the tuition fee receipt.

On average, a student visa document is issued from 5 to 10 days. But if at least one of the documents caused complaints, then the processing time may be delayed. Anyone who goes to study under the ITEC program is entitled to a free visa application. All others are obliged to pay the visa and consular fees.

Scholarships and grants for foreigners

The Indian Council of Cultural Relations (ICCR) is the coordinator of free education programs. Scholarship applicants can choose 3 institutions for admission. Students entering the Faculty of Arts must provide an audio or video recording of their performance. Future engineers provide the results of exams in physics, chemistry, mathematics. The amount of the scholarship is 160-180 USD/month. The minus of the program is long-term training (from 1 to 4 years) without the opportunity to go home.

For foreigners, the Technical and Economic Cooperation Program (ITEC) is also available.

Fellows are paid for travel, accommodation and medical insurance. Some courses require a bachelor's degree. Monthly scholarship - 376 USD / month.

You must be under the age of 45 to qualify. Universities set their own requirements for academic achievement. The disadvantage of the program is the lack of classes in traditional Indian arts and the short duration of the program (from 3 weeks to 3 months).

Residence in the country

Living and eating conditions in the Indian state differ significantly from those in the United States and Western Europe. Many students note a significant difference in nutrition. In India, neither pork nor beef is eaten. Only poultry meat can be found in the market. Instead of bread, merchants offer to buy cakes.
A rather difficult situation has developed in healthcare. Finding some medicines in pharmacies is quite problematic. There is no rigorous intensive education in India. The educational process is often interrupted due to numerous holidays.

Advantages and disadvantages of education in India


pros	Minuses
During the period of study, there is an opportunity to get to know the rich Indian culture, as well as improve the knowledge of the English language.	A mandatory requirement for students of faculties of various fields is a good knowledge of the English language.
Low cost of education.	Low standard of living.
Low cost of living.	There is no way to work while studying.
Indian educational institutions provide a good level of training. IT-specialists-graduates of Indian universities are in demand today in many countries of the world.	After receiving a diploma, the chances of employment in one of the Indian companies are very small.
Scholarship and grant programs are actively developed, which means that there is a high probability of free education.
You don't need to take an entrance exam to enter a university.
Foreign students are provided with a free hostel or hotel room.

India is an amazing country. They say that the people who have visited it change forever. Here everything is built on completely different principles that are not accepted in the ordinary world. So, one of the most controversial is the Indian education system. The country is actively fighting the caste system and illiteracy. Of course, we will not consider educational institutions in particular, because many of them cannot be looked at without tears. Let us analyze the whole picture of education in the country and analyze the main aspects.

What can I say, in India education is very difficult. Many people live in extreme poverty and cannot afford the additional costs. The mentality of the inhabitants and the difficult economic situation in the country have their influence. Of course, the relatively recent educational reform has slightly improved the chances of getting an education, but after leaving school, more than half of the children still do not have the necessary funds. If the parents are ready to spend money on the education of the child, then the latter will receive a level of knowledge that will not be lower than the European one. But, unfortunately, living conditions in most schools are deplorable. For example, there are schools where children are forced to sit on the floor, and ordinary stones serve as desks. Instead of a board, there is a regular rectangle drawn on the wall.

Preschool education

There are no kindergartens in India at all (at least in the form we are used to). There, the role of a nanny and teacher until the school bench is often performed by the mother. If both parents are busy at work, then the child has to be left with relatives. In the case when there is no such possibility, then special groups are created that are attached to the preparatory school. At the same time, for greater convenience, children are divided by age and time spent in groups. In principle, daily training in a group with a teacher is enough for a child to get the basics and prepare for school. At the same time, children learn not only the basics of the world, but also languages (Indian and English).

Often, after choosing a group, parents may not worry about going to school, because at the “end” of the next age level, the baby is transferred there automatically. But in some cases, parents still have to “break their heads” over further education for their child.

School

As we have already said, school education in India for children is free, but many wealthy parents still focus on private schools or prestigious government institutions. The cost of training in this case will cost about $ 100 per month. It is worth noting that it is quite difficult to find a quality public school where one could get a good education. In private schools, the quality of education is higher, because there children receive a full amount of knowledge (including language). After graduating from a private institution, the child fully speaks three languages - English, the language of his state and Hindi.

Almost every private educational institution uses individual approaches to learning, innovative methods are used that receive good reviews in the world. A unique feature of absolutely all Indian schools is free meals for children. Of course, you should not dream of a chic menu, but the child gets his sandwich with butter. After choosing a school, parents must “score” a place for themselves, pay an initial fee and collect the papers necessary for admission.

Higher education in India

When it comes to higher education, India is leading the way. It has more than two hundred universities, sixteen of which are considered central. The first place in terms of prestige is occupied by the Nalanda University, which was established in the fifth century AD. It has a unique color and rich history.

There are many specialized universities in India. For example, at Indira Kala Sangith, students are introduced to Indian music, and at Rabinda Bharati, they are introduced to the language of Tagore and Bengali. Of the most prestigious universities, it is worth highlighting Mumbai, Rajasthan, Calcutta and Gandhi University.

In the past few years, universities with a technical focus, which produce highly qualified engineers, have gained particular popularity. Such specialists are becoming more and more in demand in the country, especially against the backdrop of the developing Indian economy. As for the education system in which students study, it almost completely copies the British version. In higher institutions there are three levels - bachelor, master or doctor of science, each of which a student can master.

People in India strive for knowledge, contrary to the stereotypes that have formed about the country in European countries. The only negative is poverty, which complicates the educational process in India.

The education system in India has undergone significant changes in the direction of development and improvement over the past decades. The reason for this is the rapid growth of the country's economy and an increase in the need for qualified scientific and working specialists. Much attention is paid to all levels of education - from preschool to higher education, getting a good education and a worthy specialty among the population of the country is one of the vital tasks in life. Studying at higher educational institutions in India is becoming more and more popular among foreign students. Moreover, there are a number of traditional ways that allow you to get an education for free, and not only higher, but also postgraduate.

Stages and types of education in India

The educational system of India includes several stages:

preschool education;
school (secondary and complete);
secondary vocational education;
higher and postgraduate education with academic degrees (bachelor, master, doctor).

Accordingly, according to the types of education in India, it is divided into secondary, complete secondary, vocational, higher and additional higher education.

The non-state educational system operates under two programs. The first provides for the education of schoolchildren, the second - adults. The age range is from nine to forty years old. There is also an open learning system, within which several open universities and schools operate in the country.

Preschool education

Traditionally in India, young children have always been under the supervision of mothers and relatives. Therefore, the system of kindergartens in this country simply never existed. The problem has become acute in recent decades, when both parents often work in the family. Therefore, additional groups have been created throughout schools, operating on the principle of preparatory classes. As a rule, preschool education begins at the age of three, learning takes place in the form of a game. It is noteworthy that already at this age children begin to learn English. The process of preparing for school lasts one to two years.

Secondary education

School education in India is built according to a single scheme. The child starts school at the age of four. Education in the first ten years (secondary education) is free, compulsory and carried out according to the standard general education program. Main disciplines: history, geography, mathematics, computer science and a subject, the free translation of which is denoted by the word "science". From the 7th grade, “science” is divided into biology, chemistry, and physics familiar to Russia. "Politics" is also taught, the equivalent of our natural sciences.

If in the first stage of school education in India the program is the same for everyone, then reaching the age of fourteen and moving to the upper grades (complete secondary education), students make a choice between fundamental and vocational education. Accordingly, there is an in-depth study of the subjects of the chosen course.

Preparation for entering universities takes place in schools. Students who choose vocational training go on to colleges and receive secondary specialized education. India is also rich in a large number and variety of craft schools. There, for several years, the student also, in addition to secondary education, receives a profession that is in demand in the country.

In schools in India, in addition to the native (regional) language, it is mandatory to study an “additional official” - English. This is explained by the unusually large number of languages of the multinational and numerous Indian people. It is no coincidence that English is the generally accepted language of the educational process; most textbooks are written in it. It is also obligatory to study a third language (German, French, Hindi or Sanskrit).

Schooling takes place six days a week. The number of lessons varies from six to eight per day. Most schools have free meals for children. There are no grades in Indian schools. But twice a year there are compulsory school-wide exams, and in the senior classes - national ones. All exams are written and taken as tests. The vast majority of teachers in Indian schools are men.

School holidays in India are relatively short. Vacation time falls in December and June. During the summer holidays, which last for a whole month, children's camps open in schools. There, in addition to recreation and entertainment with children, traditional creative educational activities are held.

The Indian secondary education system has both public and private schools. Obtaining secondary school education in public schools is usually free. For children from low-income Indian families, of which there are quite a lot in this country, there are benefits in the form of textbooks, notebooks, and scholarships. Education in private institutions is paid, but the prices for education in them are quite affordable for families, even with low incomes. Feedback on the quality of education often speaks in favor of private schools. There are also elite expensive gymnasiums that work on individual programs.

Russian schools in India

Education in India for Russian children is provided in three public schools that operate under the diplomatic services of Russia. The secondary school is located in New Delhi at the Russian embassy. In Mumbai and Chennai, elementary schools operate under the Consulates General of Russia. Education for Russian children is possible in absentia. The Russian School in New Delhi implements approved programs for primary, basic and secondary general education. The language of instruction is Russian. Of course, education for Russian children is quite possible in ordinary Indian schools, both private and public. But all subjects there are taught almost everywhere in English.

Higher education in India

Higher education in India is prestigious, diverse and popular among young people. More than two hundred universities operate in the country, most of which are focused on European standards of education. The system of higher education is presented in the usual three-level form for Europeans. Students, depending on the period of study and the chosen profession, receive bachelor's, master's or doctoral degrees.

Among the most popular and prestigious universities are Calcutta, Mumbai, Delhi, Rajasthan, each of these universities has 130-150 thousand students. In recent decades, due to the steady development of the Indian economy, the number of engineering universities has increased. One of the most attractive and worthy here are the Indian Institute of Technology and the Institute of Management. Moreover, in the latter 50% of students are foreign students.

The proportion of humanities graduates in India is about 40%. Along with traditional universities, there are a lot of highly specialized higher educational institutions in the country, focused in particular on native culture, history, art, and languages.

Studying in India for international students

Getting higher education in India is becoming more and more popular among foreign students, including Russian ones. This is explained by several factors:

the high and increasing level of higher education in India;
in comparison with European prices, studying at Indian universities is much cheaper, the overall low cost of living in the country;
a large number of internship and student exchange programs with universities in India;
active state stimulation of education in the form of grants and scholarships.

It is noteworthy that for admission to an Indian university, there is no need to pass the entrance exams. Testing is used only in special cases. But there are strict requirements for knowledge of English, without which the road to most Indian universities will be closed. In all more or less large cities of India, there are inexpensive and qualified English courses.

For admission to the bachelor's degree, you must provide:

certificate of complete secondary education;
a document containing information about the disciplines and grades passed at the school;
documentary evidence of solvency for students on a commercial basis.

Education in Indian universities is also relevant for people who already have higher education. For admission to the magistracy, it will be necessary to provide a document on complete secondary education and a certified copy of the diploma. Upon admission to doctoral studies, a copy of the master's degree and other documents indicating the applicant's qualifications will be required, respectively.

All documents of foreign students must be legalized: translated into English, certified by a notary.

Free education in India

Postgraduate education in India can also be free, as well as initial university education. For these purposes, institutions regularly allocate grants, which require at least a diploma and all the same knowledge of the English language. Free education in India can also be achieved with the help of ITEC - a program of technical and economic cooperation.

Of course, we will not consider those very colorful and stereotypical educational institutions located in especially remote corners of the country, which are hard to look at without tears. The educational path that is open to every foreign child and to those whose parents are ready to spend a certain amount on the development of their child will be taken as the basis, because even in public schools and universities you will have to pay.

This cannot be denied, because this is not just an ingrained stereotype, but in India there are indeed quite big difficulties with education. This is happening not only due to poverty and the difficult economic situation, but also, although only in part, the mentality of some residents.

Although it is undeniable that after a large-scale education reform, the primary level of education has become available to the vast majority of children, the quality of these schools leaves much to be desired. In addition, about 50% of children do not master the subsequent stages of education because of their high cost and the lack of time for children who are sometimes busy at work.

However, all these obvious shortcomings are not absolute, since in India you can find an educational institution that will give your child an education no worse than in the most successful European countries.

What should a preschooler do?

To begin with, it should be noted that there are no kindergartens in our and European understanding in India at all. This is the tradition of this country, which has developed over the millennia, where mothers are supposed to sit with their children until a certain age, teaching them through the efforts of the entire large family.

However, due to the fact that in recent decades it is not uncommon for both parents to work, and it is not at all possible to place the child with relatives, special groups have arisen that work at the pre-school. Here, children are separated by age and the time of the alleged stay away from their parents. As a rule, several hours with the teacher are spent in educational games, during which the kids learn not only the basics of the world, but also English and Indian languages.

It often happens that after parents choose a particular group for their child, they no longer think about choosing a school. This is because after completing the next age level in such "kindergartens", you can simply continue your child's education in the main school. However, it is not uncommon for parents to carefully consider the choice of a school educational institution in a separate order.

What are the features of the Indian school?

Despite the fact that primary education in India has recently become public, many advise focusing on choosing a school for a child at private schools or especially prestigious public schools (the cost of education in which is on average about $ 100 per month), which will have to be additionally searched. The thing is that not in all Indian educational institutions you can get a quality education in good conditions.
Private schools differ in that they very often emphasize the equally good mastering of not only the Indian language (Hindi) and the state language, but also English, which years later children consider almost their second native. Subsequently, children, depending on how diligently they studied, will be able to speak fluently in three languages at once. Also, they use different approaches to raising children and presenting knowledge and material, which may be of interest to people who prefer innovative methods.

You will be pleasantly surprised, but in absolutely every school in India, regardless of its status and prestige, children are fed at school. The set of food is standard for everyone, it is rice with a bottle of water and masala. In some establishments, products may vary.

After you have chosen the school that suits your child, you will need to reserve a place in advance by paying an advance fee in the form of a reservation and start preparing all the necessary documents.

We go to higher or Indian institutions

In total, there are about 220 higher education institutions in the country, 16 of which are central. Of these, Nalanda University, established in the 5th century AD, stands out in particular. e., which has its own specific flavor and long history.

It is worth noting that in India you can find not simple profile universities, but those whose otherness and specificity are especially pronounced. For example, in Indira Kala Sangith, which is located in Hairagarh, they are introduced only to Indian music, and in Calcutta, Rabindra Bharati, students do not study anything other than the Bengali language and Tagore studies.

The largest and most prestigious universities in India are the Gandhi University, Rajasthan, Bombay, Mumbai and Calcutta. They continue for many years to remain quite popular not only for the local population, but also among some foreigners.

In recent years, technical professions have become especially popular, as the growth of students and graduates of engineering specialties is especially noticeable. What is important, in a country with such a progression, the demand for specialists of this profile is growing, since they are simply necessary for the developing economy of the country.
The very system of Indian education, due to a long joint history, is completely identical to the British one. There are also three levels that are mastered by students in the learning process. On each of them (Bachelor, Master or Doctor of Science), you can complete your education with a corresponding diploma.

Despite the fact that India has a rather nasty reputation in European countries, which, unfortunately, is not only based on stereotypes, it is a developing country. Here, the economy and productivity are growing rapidly, and every year people are increasingly striving for knowledge by any means. Yes, getting back on your feet at the moment here may not be easy, but it is possible, and especially for those children whose families have the finances to do so.