Toy railway. The dream of every Soviet child: children's toy railway (9 photos) Children's railway children's drawings

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This Railway, 5.3 kilometers long, was opened in the Zaeltsovsky park of the city of Novosibirsk on June 4, 2005. There are only 3 stations and 2 sidings.

Children's Railways they try as much as possible to bring them closer to the "big brothers" - public railways. Therefore, children's railways, as far as possible, use the same equipment as real railways.

Autumn walk along the railway tracks of the Novosibirsk Children's Railway, which is located on the territory of the Zaeltsovsky Park in Novosibirsk. In the photographs - the path from the station "Zaeltsovsky Park" to the station "Zoo".

The first and so far the only guarded crossing on the ChRW. Further - the train goes to the bank of the Ob River and to the Lokomotiv siding. In total, there are 2 sidings on the children's railway:

The picturesque places along which the line of the children's railway passes have made it one of the attractions of Novosibirsk. Despite the fact that it is located on the territory of the city - here fresh air and unusually calm.

Curve towards the stations "Sportivnaya" and "". There are three stations on the road:

Overpass 200 meters long. Entrance to the station "Zoo" and the territory of the Novosibirsk Zoo:

Station station "Zoo". The journey is over.

Every child has a favorite toy. Sometimes a toy becomes the "blue dream" of a lifetime, not always available, but forever loved. In the USSR, a toy railway became such a dream for many.

The toy began to go on sale around 1955 and lasted about 15 years. Until 1961, it cost 360 rubles, after the Khrushchev monetary reform - 36 rubles, but in both cases, the longed-for dream of many boys - and the road was sold only in the largest department stores of the USSR, such as "Children's World" or "Dom toys." Most often, the road was bought by budgetary organizations of children's creativity - houses, clubs and circles of young technicians.

For the first time on the shelves of the Central Baku department store I saw "Pioneer" in the summer of 1958. I remember that with difficulty I was able to get closer to see the sparkling green cars and the bright blue diesel locomotive. To one side was the most beautiful railway station in the world, with benches for waiting trains and ticket windows. On the other side - a booth with a pipe, a traffic light, a crossing, a bridge ...

Older children were especially delighted, they almost completely blocked the view of the curiosity for us, the little ones!

It must be said right away that in September 1958 I was supposed to hit the first round date - 10 years! I also note that we were children not spoiled with toys, especially technical ones.

On another summer vacation Sunday, our family was walking around the city and, of course, by hook or by crook I dragged everyone to the cherished department store. Mom, seeing the price tag, let out a long groan, grabbed my hand in order to take me away quickly ... But suddenly a supporter appeared in the form of an older brother, who turned 23 in the spring. They removed me by force, but he stayed and suddenly suggested: "Let's chip in and buy this very railway for our brother for the anniversary!"

As it became known later, the brother wanted to thoroughly understand the bundle of wires that looked out of the box. It was a multifunctional railway that even implemented the idea of ​​auto-blocking, which had just appeared on a large railway! It is for this reason that the path itself was three-rail.

With a broad gesture, the brother laid out 6 rubles! Mom, shaking her head disapprovingly, nevertheless scraped 10 rubles in her purse. And the father, sighing and scratching his head, silently took out 20 rubles from a thick bundle and put them in a common cauldron! I stood without breathing. Really today this wonderful railway will be at our house!

For some reason, we were sent to the basement along the side stairs for the box (later, in all subsequent times, when I visited this department store, I always turned my head towards this staircase).
The box was bulky and very heavy, but it was a RAILWAY.
At home, of course, they didn’t let me close to the road while my brother dealt with all the complexities of collecting and debugging. For him with higher education it took about 3 hours. The assembly instructions, beautifully published in 1955 on coated paper, did not allow the road to be connected and launched immediately. For example, there was a lot of uncertainty in the installation of electrical wires and terminals. It seems that everything is visible in the drawings, clear and understandable, there are markings on the wires and terminals, the veins are all colored, and when you start collecting in reality, it doesn’t work right away ... Some pages of the instructions are given according to the original.

It took about an hour to assemble the rails for the first time. Fortunately, all the lashes are numbered. In total, there were 7 straight rail sections and 16 curves (the instructions say - radius). I was struck by the automatic closing of barriers at the train's approach to the crossing and the appearance of a switchman from the checkpoint booth. At the same time, a bright green lantern lit up in his hands. The station attendant on the platform famously raised a green flag and held it up to the very passage of the train ... It's a miracle, even the lights were on in the passenger cars!

When, in the end, the railway was launched, there was a quiet delight of all relatives, well, there’s no need to talk about me!

The rolling stock consisted of an IS-51 locomotive (Joseph Stalin - 1951) with an axle formula 2-(1 + 1) -2, two passenger and one covered cars, as well as an open platform. The motor bogie had an ultra-modern group electric drive through an articulated gear train. The heavy body of the locomotive relied only on the motor bogie, which made it possible to realize high traction forces. The guide bogies carried only their own weight, which, at high speeds, sometimes led to their descent, which, however, did not affect the further movement of the train ... until the first switch! If you thought that it was here that the derailment took place, then you are deeply mistaken, no, on the turnouts the wheels themselves jumped onto the rails. Why not modern "frogs"!

And in the event of a descent or any other short circuit, after a couple of seconds, the protection worked and a bright red light on the central control panel turned on! The restoration of the circuit was possible only after the cooling of the bimetallic plate and, of course, the elimination of the derailment or short circuit.

All these innovations brought my brother and me into indescribable ecstasy: perfect protection against short circuits, smooth speed control, reliable three-digit auto-blocking, illumination of the path with searchlights of the locomotive, and turnouts and crossings with separate lights. Bright festive lighting of the station, light at the box office. To my great regret, a commutator AC traction motor was used on the locomotive-electric locomotive, which did not allow remote reversing. It was possible to change the direction of movement only with a switch located in an inconvenient place on the motor bogie under the body skirt.

I was also fascinated by the automatic coupler, which made it possible to connect the cars without my participation. The figure shows the coupling of two passenger cars. But there were problems with the uncoupling, especially on curved sections.

Naturally, not only my entire class visited, but without exaggeration the entire school No. 174! Rumors spread quickly!

Later, when the basic two circles got a little boring, I made a dead-end station. Often in the summer he took out the box and laid out the road in our cozy shady courtyard, which aroused genuine interest among all the neighbors, numerous children of different ages. Since the city of Baku is located on hills, the surface of the courtyard had a clear slope towards the street, which required the creation of an effective braking system. As expected, the brakes of passenger cars and the auxiliary hand brake of the locomotive were made, which protruded from the window of the assistant driver.

Of course, the sprawl of the decomposed railway did not allow it to be left on the floor for a long time. Collected, played - carefully disassemble, fold and slide the box under the table. The family used a weekly incentive: if there were no triples in the report card, then it was allowed to lay out the road on Sunday ... How I didn’t want to collect it in the evening, put it in a box !!

And one more thing to pay attention to: after the game, I was smeared from head to toe in machine oil and some soot. Isn't this the ultimate dream of a guy who dreamed of devoting his life to a real railway!

Address: Nizhny Novgorod, st. October revolution house number 23a

Photo by Boris Izvekov

Date of construction: 1939. Architect: Alexander Yakovlev

Below is a page from Olga Naumova's book "100 BIOGRAPHIES OF THE LOWER HOUSES"

In the article by L.A. Nifontov “From the merchant Nizhny to the socialist city of Gorky” (To the 90th anniversary, and then to the 100th anniversary of the birth of the architect A.A. Yakovlev) it is written:

- "To the number the best works Alexander Alexandrovich should also include the building of the Rodina station of the children's railway. Here, the architect was faced with the task - on the one hand, to find some original forms of the building, taking into account the fact that the building is being built for children. And on the other hand, it was necessary to “enter the ensemble, without“ shouting over ”the nearby Palace of Culture. V.I. Lenin. A.A. Yakovlev coped well with this task. The cylindrical part of the station building with elegant classical details and with the figures of pioneers in the upper part attracts attention with an interesting volumetric solution and careful drawing of details. On the whole, the building still bears a subordinate character in the general ensemble of the square.

“The decision to build the road was made on May 13, 1939 at the bureau of the Gorky Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. Already on May 15, a construction assistance committee was created, chaired by the first secretary of the Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, AI Shakhurin. The completion date for construction was set on October 1, 1939. Design and survey work began, which was carried out in the shortest possible time by the design team of the track service of the Gorky Railway together with the architectural and planning department of the City Council.

Construction itself began on May 30, 1939. Like all pre-war children's railways, the Gorky Children's Railway was built using the Komsomol subbotnik method. In total, more than 36 thousand people took part in its construction, and not only the townspeople, but also residents of the surrounding villages took part in the subbotniks.”

A train with a cowled steam locomotive LK-01 at Rodina station, 1939

At the terminal stations, Rodina and Schastlivaya, two most beautiful station-palaces were built according to the project of architects Yakovlev and Anisimov, respectively. The two-story station building at Rodina station topped with a round turret is over 40 meters long. On the first floor of the station there were offices of the chief, the station attendant, a waiting room, ticket offices, an information desk, a buffet, a first-aid post, and book kiosks. On the second floor there are educational and technical rooms for classes, a control room and a radio center, and in the turret there is a museum of the history of railway transport.

The road was equipped with the most modern and advanced means of communication and signaling at that time. There were telephone, telegraph, teletype communications. The movement of trains was carried out according to the electric railway system.

The road had a well-equipped locomotive depot with a viewing ditch and repair shops, which was named after Chkalov.

By special order, the Gorky Carriage Depot built 12 soft cars for the Children's Railways, equipped according to the type of cars of the Moscow Metro. And the Krasnoye Sormovo plant specially prepared two capped steam locomotives of type 63/65. The streamlined hood made these locomotives look like the IS steam locomotive, very popular in those years, Joseph Stalin. On the ChRW, they received the designation LK-01 and LK-02 (Lazar Kaganovich). Apparently, the hoods were subsequently removed, at least in later photographs they are no longer visible.

On August 7, 1941, the children's railway was closed, and all its property was transferred to the management of the personnel training department of the Gorky Railway Department. For almost the entire war, the road was used for the training of railroad workers.

On August 25, 1944, the head of the Gorky Railway issued order No. 523/43 on the restoration of the children's road, but the restoration of the road was very slow. Only two years later, on July 25, 1946, a second order (No. 285/43) was issued on the transfer of its own property to the children's road. The deadline for the execution of this order was August 10, 1946, but exact date unfortunately we do not know the opening of the road

Photo 1943

The Children's Railway, 9.1 km long, connected the Zheleznodorozhny district of the city of Gorky (Kanavino) with the Avtozavodsky district. The tram line laid in the same direction was very overloaded in those years and the townspeople began to use the ChRW as another type of urban transport. In the first year of operation alone, the road transported more than 100,000 passengers. It is for this reason that the Gorky Children's Railway has repeatedly been accused of excessive commercialization and exploitation of child labor to the detriment of the ideological and political education of young people.

In those years, this was a very serious accusation, and in order to avoid consequences, the road management began to gradually narrow the range of responsibilities of young railway workers. In 1947-48, only 45 young railway workers were engaged in the children's railway (compare with 1200 pupils of the Tbilisi Children's Railway), and only instructors were engaged in passenger transportation.

This led to the fact that the Gorky Children's Railway gradually fell into disrepair and turned from the best children's railway in the country, with the most high level technical equipment into the most ordinary narrow-gauge line.

Now this railway is working and there are a lot of materials about it on the Internet. If I get to Nizhny Novgorod, I will definitely go for a ride. I would like to see with my own eyes the RODINA station built by my grandfather.

Probably, this toy is one of the most common childhood dreams. Previously, it appeared on the shelves extremely rarely, while it cost a lot of money, and its quantity was so limited that not everyone got it. Now there is no such problem.

And, besides, you can pick up almost any option you like: from the minimum configuration to large sets with additional details. Therefore, modern toy railway- it is not just a toy for a child, but also a constructor for the whole family. The game with the railway will take your child's attention for a long time, and the possibility of upgrading will increase the length of the game for a long time, and will constantly attract the interest of children of different ages.

Children's railway for the little ones

The simplest railways, which are offered in the minimum configuration, are suitable for young children. But for older children, the options are more diverse, that is, it may include more elements, and a variety of figures may be included in the kit. You will see, even adults can get carried away with this fun game!

Both psychologists and educators agree that toys that reflect the essence of the surrounding life are useful for a three-year-old child, because it is at this age that the child develops a basic idea of environment, it self-identifies. And in the mind of the child there is a classification of everything visible and felt. At this time, it is very important role-playing games. It is they who help the child behave correctly in a given situation, help develop skills that will be useful to the baby in later life. will be a very good choice for a gift, this toy will be one of the favorite for the baby for a very long time.

When you choose a railway for a child under four years old, it is best to choose simpler options, in a more colorful design. Buy models made from environmentally friendly materials.

For young children: IKEA, Brio, Thomas, Chuggintones, Lego duplo.

Children's railway for older children

For older children, from five years old, you can purchase more complex models with objects such as trees, towers, water stations, etc. Such kits provide an opportunity to actively develop imagination. And some manufacturers even offer themed games, that is, you can separately assemble a training ground or a factory with railway tracks.

For kids school age a good choice would be railways, which are copies of the real ones. In fact, these are real masterpieces. Such toys repeat every detail of the reproduced object.

It is also worth noting that at present the buyer has a choice, that is, you can give preference to a railway that is fully consistent with the modern one, but you can also choose a model that will be stylized as objects corresponding to the Wild West, for example, or Europe. And caring parents will be able to come up with a lot of exciting, instructive games for the child with her participation. Good luck choosing!

For older children: Arrow, Tomica, Lego city.

Children's railway - photo