Course: Preparation for the Unified State Examination in the Russian language, Distance course. Preparing for the Unified State Examination in the Russian language: Offer

19.11.2019

Generalized personal offers

Generalized personal sentences are usually proverbs, you can substitute the word "all"

impersonal proposals

Example	Predicate type	Meaning of the sentence
It was cold	Compound nominal predicate	state of nature
And boring, and sad, and there is no one to hand submit	Simple verb predicate	Human condition
You should think over my offer	Compound verb predicate	prompting, order
It was cold in the house	Compound nominal predicate	State of the environment

Practical tasks

Highlight the grammatical foundations of the sentence.

Determine the type of proposals by the presence of main members.

At the edge of a naked grove I find a large pile of dry autumn leaves, stuff them

full bag and heading back home. I walk slowly, admiring the good weather, I breathe

fresh air, I remember funny hunting incidents. Suddenly I hear: the leaves in the bag are moving,

as if someone is moving in them. I take the bag, untie it, and a hedgehog jumps out of it and runs away from me.

1. Determine the text type and style.

2. From what person is the story being told?

3. Do the predicates denote the actions of the same hero or different persons?

4. What types of sentences help the writer point to the narrator, avoid repeating the subject.

1. Clouds go out in the sky.

2. It's too late.

3. I'm waiting.

6. How quiet.

Identify one-part sentences or two-part sentences.

Highlight grammar points.

1. Clouds go out in the sky.

2. It's too late.

3. I'm waiting.

4. Nightingale echo rushes to the brilliant river.

5. Whisper, timid breathing, nightingale trills.

6. How quiet.

7. I hear every sound and rustle.

Identify one-part sentences or two-part sentences.

Highlight grammar points.

1. Clouds go out in the sky.

2. It's too late.

3. I'm waiting.

4. Nightingale echo rushes to the brilliant river.

5. Whisper, timid breathing, nightingale trills.

6. How quiet.

7. I hear every sound and rustle.

Identify one-part sentences or two-part sentences.

Highlight grammar points.

1. Clouds go out in the sky.

2. It's too late.

3. I'm waiting.

4. Nightingale echo rushes to the brilliant river.

5. Whisper, timid breathing, nightingale trills.

6. How quiet.

7. I hear every sound and rustle.

3. Option 1

A. Spring takes its rights

B. To the music of autumn rain I walk in the dark

B. A long winter evening is coming

D. Warmth in the sun

A. Take heart, heart, to the end

B. Can't hear city noise

B. Paper for books is taken strong

D. As a child, I never managed to fly a kite.

A. Late autumn days are usually scolded

B. There was a soft knock on the door

V. I breathed life and will into my soul

G. Greetings, desert corner

Option 2

1. Emphasize grammatical basics. Determine the type of one-part sentences.

A. With a long-forgotten rapture I look at cute features.

B. On a hillock it is either damp or hot

V. You can’t throw hats on a wolf (proverb)

D. I pass through the field through a narrow boundary

2. Emphasize grammatical basics. Determine the type of one-part sentences.

A. For the sake of roses, thorns are also endured (proverb)

B. No housing is visible anywhere in the open

V. With a creak they lowered the ladder

G. I'm going, I'm going in an open field

3. Emphasize grammatical basics. Determine the type of one-part sentences.

A. Lead a horse to me

B. Can't sleep, nanny

C. Open the dungeon for me

G. I love you, my Russia

		Naming	o/l	b/l	v/l	n/l
b/l	I wanted to make sure again. in your happiness.
n/l	Lead me a horse.
b/l	Freezer stronger than in the morning.
nominal	Evening. seaside. sighs wind. Stately the cry of the waves.
o/l	Show off, city of Peter!
n/l	Good bread in the villages bake.
b/l	Be great storm.
o/l	Pass around the city on the Neva, look into it.
nominal	Here is the border.
b/l	Breathed deeply.
o/l	marvel jewels of our language: every sound is a gift.
b/l	My eyes darkened.
nominal	Early spring
b/l	There is no position in society, no former honor.
b/l	There was not a penny , but suddenly Altyn. (Proverb)
v/l	Live a century - learn a century. (Proverb)

Option 1

Pastukhov, offering his hand, continued to dust himself off and look at his suit.
On a hot July day, you used to go, deep in thought, along a familiar forest path and suddenly stop.
In the garden at night, the wind knocked down all the apples and broke one old linden.
You will, of course, be interested in the results of that week's voting.

What offer No compound nominal predicate?

The Russian language is rich, figurative, precise.
Language is the key to all knowledge and all nature.
Synonymy is the sphere of endless possibilities of speech creativity.
Like the language as a whole, syntax is always at the service of the person himself.

The Russian language in skillful hands and experienced lips is beautiful, melodious, expressive, flexible, dexterous.
Every word for the historian is a witness, a monument, a fact of the people's life.
The very rules of the language are not invented, but already exist in it.
The word is a re-creation within itself.

What offer wrong grammatical foundations highlighted? (No punctuation marks).

majestic mountains already green in spring pulled on their peaks winter hats scorching gardens with icy breath.
As soon as the sun starts warm in summer many are sent into romantic journey.
flew from the bay gray low clouds on the shore the water was rising caught up her whistling icy wind tearing off the tops of trees in its path.
Everyone was watching with surprise at the hero and saw that he is more beautifultheir soul and face his eyes are as proud as those of an eagle.

Which Proposition is not impersonal?

It would be most advantageous for me to stay at your hospital as a local doctor.
She dreams of a field life.
From his words, Nikita becomes unbearably creepy.

Which offer is impersonal?

accept a wonderful message from this distant land ....
Oh, how I want to embarrass their cheerfulness ....
Evening.
Feel the pleasant freshness of a summer morning.

Every day the patient got better. The bell rang louder and more insistently. You are the best.
I'm very bored. The day got even colder. It is fashionable to go up such stairs only to one.
Each word is more thoughtful and more precise. The house seemed even darker to me. I don't know better than this person.
Today I feel better. Yesterday was hotter than today. The children got closer and closer to the edge of the cliff.

Which of the sentences is definitely personal?

Friends will celebrate my birthday in a narrow circle.
Love Winter!
You cannot live without a conscience and with a great mind.
It got dark

Option 2

In which sentence is the predicate compound nominal?

I would like to buy a new cassette and copy the concert of my favorite singer on it.
And the planet must feel this step of millions of feet today.
The voice of a stranger is heard less and less.
Without work there can be no pure and joyful life.

In which sentence is the predicate compound verb?

Words can bring people together.
Grammar does not prescribe laws to the language, but explains and affirms its customs.
Our unusual language is still a mystery.
Writing is a necessary addition to language, the strongest lever of knowledge.

In which sentence is the predicate a simple verb?

This year we will study computer science.
Everything is darker and darker above the ground.
No one can help me with this issue.
It soon began to get dark.

Which sentence is grammatically incorrect? (No punctuation marks).

The honest merchant burst into tears and embraced him his younger daughter.
as if feeling the approach Thunderstorm fish stopped pecking.
In the deserted garden at night by the wind knocked down all the apples and broke one old lime.
When I entered to Orlov with a dress and boots he was sitting on the bed, legs dangling over bear fur.

Which proposal does not include the impersonal?

The eyes are dark, and the soul froze.
Blessed is he who believes, he is warm in the world.
The scamp has already frozen his finger: it hurts and it's funny ...
We knew very well that for a long time in this house they talked about how Alexei could decide on such an act.

In which row are all sentences impersonal?

We must return home in time. Catherine is even sadder than usual. Wise people live quietly.
The climb is getting steeper. He rides the best. They try to be smarter and more careful.
It's too late to go to the store. Today you need to send a letter. Day by day the eyes are sadder.
It's time to go home. I felt ashamed. It will be difficult to walk during the day.

Which difficult sentence consists of two indefinitely personal?

I’ll go out to the lake, into the blue avenue, evening grace clings to my heart.
At least they laugh at the braggarts, and often they get shares in the division.
They forgot about the light of the evening windows, they blew out the warm, red hearth.
I'll sit down and think about how I can live on.

Which of the sentences is definitely personal?

6 - 2

6 - 4

7 - 2

7 - 3

8 - 2

Exercise 12 Highlight the grammatical foundations of the sentences. Define the types of one-part sentences.

1. At the first dawn, we go out one by one in different directions to the spruce forest for squirrels (Prishvin). 2. Cranberries are harvested in late autumn (Prishvin). 3. You can’t go half a verst along such a ski track without skis (Prishvin). 4. In Oblomovka they believed everything: both werewolves and the dead (Goncharov). 5. In the hot summer season, horses are driven out from us for the night to feed in the field (Turgenev). 6. Nowhere in the forest you will find life more abundant and passionate than near an old stump (Prishvin). 7. No other watchman was appointed to replace Antipich (Prishvin). 8. It was getting dark quickly, in autumn (Paustovsky). 9. It was cold in the forests (Paustovsky). 10. No documents were found with him (Lavrenev). 11. There is no candle in the room (Gogol). 12. Snow and seagulls (Simonov). 13. Under the rumble of spring thunderstorms, shoots do not turn green (Dudin). 14. All day I had to walk along overgrown meadow roads (Paustovsky). 15. This gloomy morning will never disappear from my memory (Fedoseev). 16. Who has not had to sleep on the bank of a noisy stream! (Fedoseev). 17. The mezzanine is already heated (Paustovsky). 18. In general, they did not like to spend money there (Goncharov). 19. Just let's go out as early as possible! (Prishvin). 20. Late autumn days are usually scolded (Pushkin). 21. Ringing of beaten braids (Paustovsky). 22. The next day the judge was gone (Korolenko). 23. Here is a disgraced house (Pushkin). 24. In such a thicket there is not a single path (Prishvin). 25. They bring him a horse (Pushkin). 26. It's good to be on such a night on an empty road (Paustovsky). 27. None of these boys are now in this world (Tryfonov).

Exercise 13

1. Surprisingly bare place. Only a few mine craters. Not a single trench. “They will ask,” I say to Vasin, “take the rap for two!” I jump out of the trench and run. The wind rushes towards me. It's difficult to breathe. Ahead is a funnel. Just run to her! And then, as if with a whip, they whipped the ground. Shelling. There was no need to move. (Baklanov)

2. Sultry. Flies. Knives are rattling in the kitchen. Through the haze you can see the endless domes of Moscow. Closer - the needles of the German church. (A.N. Tolstoy)

Exercise 14 Highlight the grammatical foundations of the sentences. Determine the types of sentences (one-part or two-part).

It's getting dark. In the depths of the garden is a fire. Strongly pulls fragrant smoke of cherry branches. Rustling through dry leaves, like a blind man, you will reach the hut. It's a little brighter here.

Is that you, bartender? someone calls softly from the darkness.

It's me. Do not sleep yet, Nikolai? Where is your gun?

Take near the box.

Throw up a heavy, like a crowbar, single-barreled shotgun and shoot with a flurry.

Intimidate, intimidate, barchuk! - the tradesman will say. - Again, they shook off the whole muzzle on the shaft ...

Single sentences.
One-part sentences with the main member - the predicate.
1. Definitely personal suggestions.
These are one-part sentences with a predicate - a verb in the form of the first or second person. You can substitute the pronouns I, YOU, WE, YOU.
I love the storm in early May.
One-part sentences do not include sentences with a predicate-verb in the form of the past tense singular.
I see a wonderful delight. Light a match. What are you sleeping, man? Why are you standing, swaying, thin mountain ash? Go away, gray winter. Old man, forget about the past. Let's dive into the water on command. Let some more hot water.
2. Indefinitely personal proposals.
These are one-part sentences with a predicate-verb in the form of a third person plural in the present and future tense and in the plural form in the past tense. You can substitute SOMEONE, THEY. The action itself is important, not the persons who perform it. Faces are thought vaguely.
There was a knock on the door. There is a knock on the door. They call you. The performance of our choir will be broadcast on the radio. The whole school knew that on this day in our class they would cut a live rat, the boy brought it in a cage and for some reason said that her name was Fenya. Someone brought a casket from the master. A new theater building is being erected on the square. This company assembles computers. Everyone heard what they were saying. He would have been forgiven for this apostasy, because they understood the peculiarity of this situation. Parents could not be found anywhere, and the class teacher was sitting at the meeting.
3. Generalized personal proposals.
Generalized personal sentences include definite personal and indefinite personal sentences that have the meaning of a generalized person, since they can indicate that the action is performed by everyone, by any person. (everyone can do it, for everyone). Especially often predicates expressed by the verb in the form of the second person have this meaning. Generalized personal sentences include proverbs, sayings, idioms and suggestion-reflections.
Do not count your chickens before they are hatched. You can't fill a bottomless barrel with water. What kind of birds you will not see in the forest! You can't even take a fish out of the pond without effort. Take care of the dress again, and honor from a young age. The days of late autumn are usually scolded. Good does not change for bad. There is not much respect for elders these days. What goes around comes around.
4. Impersonal offers.
These are one-part sentences with a predicate, in which there is not and cannot be a subject. Impersonal sentences report various states of nature or people and animals. The sentence usually has an addition in the form of the dative case, indicating who exactly is experiencing this or that state.
It's already quite dark. It will be light soon. It was quiet outside. I'm cold. It's cold outside. During the night it became very starry. It's dark outside.
A simple verbal predicate can be expressed:
1) Impersonal verb:
Worked well in the evenings. It's evening outside.
2) Impersonal form of a personal verb:
Smells like hay over the meadows. (compare: Hay smells.) A tree lit up with a thunderstorm. Freshness emanated from the water.
3) The impersonal form of the verb BE in negative sentences and the word NO.
Gerasim was gone. Today I won't be here. I don't have a line. Nobody's here.
4) Indefinite form of the verb
You will not see such battles. Be a great storm.
Compound predicate:
1) verb
Your suggestion is worth considering. Elena didn't want to sleep.
2) Nominal
It was very quiet at this hour. It's hot in the hut. How nice to read in the evenings. My heart felt so good, so joyful. I couldn't sleep and went out into the garden. In the forest it is bare and gloomy, in the fields it is deserted and uncomfortable. The garden is quiet. It got cold in the evening. There is no escape from the stuffiness of the day. Show you what topic? Without a note to walk - in vain to upholster the rapids. You just need to fix the broken elevator, otherwise how will the elderly get to the top floor? Not a single criminal code provides for punishment for crimes against literature. But now it turned out that each such word contained an abyss of living images. Our boat for this river was a wooden toy that can be thrown on the rocks, overturned in the rapids, dragged under the rubble of logs. First, there is no single universal "best" method of studying foreign language. It would be nice to add. I want to remember the past, finally see the garden. It's already evening. He didn't have a father. I have no brothers and sisters. It's hard for me among classmates. In order to make this expression quite accurate, it would be necessary to use the word "cherish" instead of the word "notice". But what about those who do not see, do not hear, do not feel when it hurts and feels bad for another. How to help both those who suffer from indifference and those who are indifferent themselves? From childhood, to educate - first of all, oneself - so as to respond to someone else's misfortune and rush to help those who are in trouble. But only then I had to every day, without giving myself descent and indulgence, to be, and therefore not to care about appearing. It is impossible to compile a list of books that you need to know in order to be known as a cultured, educated and well-read person.

One-part sentences with the main member - subject.
1. Name sentences
Only secondary members belonging to the subject group, that is, all types of definitions (agreed and inconsistent definitions), can distribute nominal sentences.
Quiet starry night. Dark blue sky in both small and large stars. Dreams. Awakening. Evening. Sighs of the wind. Here it is, the queue.

(compare: In front of me is an old woman in a neatly tied blue scarf, a clean gray padded jacket). Diamonds in the moonlight (incomplete two-part sentence). Diamonds in the sky. (incomplete sentence).

Topic:Syntax.

1) simple;

2) compound;

3. complex;

4. unionless complex.

5. The firmament was purple, warm, affectionate, and beckoned to where it seemed to be the edge of the dark green of the meadows. complex;

2. Indicate what punctuation error was made in the sentence:

The river is compressed on both sides by an impregnable wall the forest foamed, raising billows, and swiftly glided past. no separate definition

1. days late autumn scold usually.

2. Them anxiety took over.

3. I'm ashamed talk about it.

4. keep me my mascot!

1. Define the offer type:

1. simple;

2. compound;

3. complex;

4. unionless complex.

Kindness by no means excludes composure, self-control and willpower - qualities that are decisive for a polar explorer. simple;

1. incorrect punctuation marks with homogeneous members;

2. a separate definition is not singled out;

3. a separate circumstance is not singled out;

4. parts of a complex sentence are not separated.

5. Light, sun-drenched rain flew and roared and a round rain cloud floated away importantly and slowly, revealing the blue, washed-out edge of the sky. parts of a complex sentence are not separated .

3. Determine in which sentence the grammatical basis is highlighted correctly:

1. And on the ruins of autocracy write our name on the.

2. My friend,

3) And soon the hearing of Kochubey touched fatal news.

4) Ice was

1. Define the offer type:

1) simple;

2) compound;

3) complex;

4) unionless complex.

From the sigh that escaped my companions, I realized that we were indeed in serious danger. complex;

2. Indicate what punctuation error was made in the sentence:

1. incorrect punctuation marks with homogeneous members;

2. a separate definition is not singled out;

3. a separate circumstance is not singled out;

4. parts of a complex sentence are not separated.

Bobrov, tired, almost sick after yesterday flashes, sat alone in the corner of the station hall, and smoked a lot. incorrect punctuation marks with homogeneous members

3. Determine in which sentence the grammatical basis is highlighted correctly:

3. And on the ruins of autocracy write our name on the.

4. My friend, let us dedicate beautiful impulses to the fatherland.

3) And soon the hearing of Kochubey touched fatal news.

4) Ice was even, smooth and shone like a mirror. see answer above