What should be in a hostel. Apartment-type dormitories, "small families" and other types: characteristics Personal hygiene products

The further we move away from Soviet times, the fewer among us are those who know from their own life experience what a hostel is. Nevertheless, this type of inexpensive and more or less comfortable housing is popular among many visitors today, especially in large cities, where rental prices are very, very decent. However, discord. In this article, we will introduce you to their main types, revealing the features of each.

What is a hostel?

A hostel (a common slang name is "dormitory") is a place of temporary residence:

• students;
• seasonal workers;
• employees of organizations with families;
• individuals.

In a hostel and apartment type, and other types, according to the standards, there are 6 (previously - 4.5) m² of personal space per tenant. This allows sometimes strangers to live together in the same room. Why we can assume that the level of comfort here is quite low.

All questions regarding accommodation, provision, maintenance of dormitories (apartment type , including) in our country is decided by the Housing Code.

Dormitories (in Russia they were then called burses) appeared in the Middle Ages. They were intended for poor students to live at universities, seminaries and religious schools.

Types of hostels

The main gradation of these places of residence depends on the way the living space is planned. They share:

• corridor;
• block;
• hotel look.

Depending on the contingent living in the hostel, it happens:

• for pupils and students;
• for workers.

There is also a division by owner:

1. State, municipal, universities and enterprises. Only persons who are students or employees of a certain organization are entitled to live here.
2. Commercial - their owner is an individual entrepreneur, LLC, etc. Anyone can rent a bed here.

And the last gradation:

• "bachelor" hostels - women's and men's;
• family hostels.

Let's analyze the most popular of them in more detail.

Dormitories of the corridor type

The cheapest and most affordable layout. As a standard, this is a long corridor, on both sides of which there are minimally equipped rooms, where from one to several people live. Each floor has a kitchen and a bathroom.

Block type dormitories

Sometimes these dormitories are called sectional - here 2-4 rooms are combined into a separate block. Each section has its own bathroom. The kitchen, in most cases, is one on the floor, but there are also options where it is located in the block.

Hotel type hostels

The most comfortable, but the price for accommodation here will come out as in an inexpensive hotel. There are 2-4 people in the room, there is a separate bathroom, shower room, refrigerator, TV. The kitchen can be either one per floor or in each room.

Dormitories of apartment type

"Little families" is a special kind of hostels. They are common with isolated apartments, each of which has everything you need - a kitchen, a toilet, a bathroom. Their minus is a small living space.

Why are these hostels? In Soviet times, apartments here were given to the families of young workers, visiting specialists. Today, apartment-type dormitories are inhabited by permanent residents in their privatized property. You can rent a house here only from its owner.

Family hostels

Allocation of housing here was a tradition in Soviet times. So, a separate family for any merit received from the trade union an order to settle in a separate room in a family hostel. Sometimes this was a reward for long service, and sometimes it was the result of a long wait for their turn.

The provided room was eventually officially assigned to the family. However, they did not have the right to privatize it in the post-Soviet period. That is why loud sales of dormitory buildings to new owners were not uncommon, despite the presence of generally legal residents.

Living conditions in such places are distinguished only by the presence of their own room. The restroom, showers and kitchen are also shared.

Worker dormitories

They can be arranged both according to the layout of an apartment-type hostel, and less comfortable varieties. Belong either to a specific organization or to an intermediary cooperating with this employer. They have one goal - to accommodate seasonal workers (the so-called guest workers), less often - permanent workers. The latter is more characteristic of budgetary organizations. An important condition is that the resident receives temporary registration at the address of the hostel.

Since there is no clear definition of conditions for dormitories in Russian legislation, they can resemble both a rooming house and a good two-star economy class hotel. Mostly live from 4 to 20 people in a room. Facilities - in the sanitary unit on the floor. The furnishings of the rooms are spartan - single or bunk beds, durable linens, a table, several chairs, bedside tables, a common closet. The advantage of such a hostel is that cleaning is not done by residents, but by special staff.

That's all we wanted to tell you about a variety of hostels in Russia. The most comfortable of them are apartments. But today they have lost the status of a hostel and have become privatized property.

Dormitories are intended for temporary residence of students and students for the period of study or for temporary residence of workers. Depending on this, students' and workers' hostels are distinguished. The main standard requirement in the planning of any hostel is the distribution of living space, taking into account the standard of 6 square meters per resident.

The hostel must be equipped with such communications as central heating, water supply, garbage chute, sewerage, elevator. An elevator must be provided in a dormitory with a height of 5 or more floors, a garbage chute - in a dormitory with a height of 3 or more floors. Electrical lighting is required. The adjacent territory should be developed, landscaped, equipped with sidewalks and places for the passage of vehicles, illuminated, equipped with a sports ground.

Living rooms should be grouped according to a block system. In one block there can be from 3 to 10 rooms, depending on the type of block (corridor or apartment). Each block should have sanitary facilities, showers, kitchens, as well as cultural rooms. The living quarters of the unit must be 2.5 meters or more high and 2.2 meters or more wide. One room can accommodate from 1 to.

Equipment of premises

In accordance with specially developed norms, the living rooms of the hostel must be provided with furniture and bedding without fail. Each living room must have chairs and bedside tables according to the number of residents. There should be a wardrobe for clothes and shoes, cornices for curtains above the windows. The number of compartments in the wardrobes should be no less than the number of beds in the room. The presence of tables, shelves, carpets can be provided.

The kitchen area should be equipped with a stove, sinks, a refrigerator, cupboards for dishes, and, if possible, a table and chairs. Kitchen equipment is tentatively calculated according to the following standards: 1 gas or electric stove for 3-5 people, 1 sink for 8 people, 1 table for 8 people. Household and sports facilities are equipped with shelves and cabinets. Household rooms for washing and ironing are equipped with washing machines and dryers, ironing accessories. It is recommended to provide the hostel with means for cleaning the premises, washing linen, and performing minor repairs.

Students move into dormitories: “If you don’t overdo it, then 100 rubles a month is enough to live on”

In the last days of August, a careful look can notice in Minsk an increased concentration of students with suitcases at the ready. It is not surprising: representatives of all universities and faculties take their places in the dormitories. Sacks of potatoes, trunks with blankets and pillows, cute colored suitcases, queues at the entrance - such a picture was observed by Onliner.by correspondents today in several campuses. What do Belarusian students expect from life and how much is the capital for young people today - read in the "Portraits" section.

Maria, 17 years old, a freshman at the Institute of Journalism of Belarusian State University, came from Lida:

I entered the budget, scoring 378 points - this is the sum of three CTs and the average score in the certificate. I waited a very long time for an answer whether I would get a place in a hostel or not. And only at the beginning of last week I finally found out: the answer is yes! Now we have been standing in line for a very long time to get a medical certificate. The lines are huge! Although this could be expected from BSU: there are so many students at the university, so there is nothing to be surprised at. I have already met the girls from my group, everyone got to know each other. Now we're going to meet the dean.

So far, I haven't worked anywhere. My parents were against part-time jobs, they said: when you study, only study should be in your head. I expect that I will spend 200-250 rubles a month on food, a little more on a travel card, plus 27 rubles for a hostel. Total rubles 300-350 per month. After all, this is the capital, Minsk, money is needed here!

Ekaterina, 21 years old, 3rd year student of the Faculty of Folk Instruments of the Academy of Music, came from Slonim:

In our academy, as elsewhere, there is a queue for a hostel. As soon as I entered, I had to wait a little - a month or two. I pay 25 rubles a month for a hostel. We have good conditions - this is a new building at Dzerzhinsky, 97! There are two rooms in the block, two people in each.

I work part-time, like any student. I sing in the church choir. Of course, financially, without the help of parents is not complete. To be honest, Minsk is a very expensive city, unlike all the others. Maybe it takes me 250-300 rubles a month to live. This is if you do not go to some clubs, events. And it’s really difficult for a girl with such a budget ...

Maxim, 17 years old, a freshman at the Institute of Journalism of the Belarusian State University, came from Baranovichi:

Probably, this year it was more difficult than ever to get a place in a hostel. But I did it, because the score is pretty good - 351 in total for two CTs, a school certificate and two creative exams.

I don't know what kind of scholarship I will get. Looking forward to September 21st. I think that I will need about 200 rubles a month to live in Minsk. For a hostel you need to pay 27 rubles. A metro ticket costs as much as 26 rubles - very expensive! I bought today. The Internet needs to be installed - another 30 rubles. In addition, we need food, clothes. I'll settle down - I'll find out how much it will cost me. In any case, I am pleased that I escaped from the parental nest.

Haven't thought about a job yet. On booklets from McDonald's, I read that there is a good career growth, a big salary, there are prospects (laughs. - Approx. Onliner.by). But for now, it's in the background.

Andrei, 21 years old, 5th year student of the Faculty of Technology and Engineering of the Forestry Industry of the Belarusian State Technological University, came from the village of Lyuban (Luninetsky district):

I've been living in a hostel since my first year. The fact that I am from a village, from afar, plus Chernobyl benefits played a role here. Basically, the hostel is given to those who have benefits, students from large or dysfunctional families. In the first year, everyone is accommodated, and then everything is not so simple ... Now, in the fifth year, out of 17 people in my group, only four, as far as I know, received places in a hostel. I pay about 10 rubles a month for a hostel. We have a corridor type, there are 26 rooms on the floor, and there are four people in the room.

After graduation, I will be a process engineer. Where will I work? Distributed in "Pinskdrev", for example. Or to other enterprises associated with the production of furniture, woodworking. You can find yourself a good place with a private trader, not even in your specialty. All my student years I have been working in different places. We go to parties with the boys. For a while he worked as a cleaner in a cinema. He took to work for any money. If I don’t splurge too much, then 100-150 rubles a month is enough for me to live in Minsk.

Anton, 17 years old, 1st year student of the Faculty of Information Technology Belarusian State Technological University, came from Soligorsk:

I entered the budget, gaining a total of 294 points - CT in physics, mathematics, Russian, plus the average mark of the certificate. I have already seen my classmates - normal guys! I got a place in the hostel number 1 - "penny". We have a corridor type, there are four people in my room. The conditions are minimal for living, but you can live. A person gets used to everything. Of course, the 4th and 5th dormitories at BSTU are much better and more comfortable. I quietly got a place in the hostel. I have the 2nd adult rank in basketball, and I also graduated from a music school - this probably helped.

Julia (from Stolin) and Zhenya (from Bobruisk), 18 years old, 2nd year students of the Faculty of Print Technologies and Media Communications Belarusian State Technological University:

It was not difficult for us to get a place in the hostel this year, because in the summer we worked at the university. We were offered a choice of two options: either to work in the selection committee, or to be forest cleaners in the forestry. Work in the selection committee is unpaid, so we chose forestry. As a result, they earned money, and even got a place in a hostel. Each of us was paid about 300 rubles for a month of work in the Ratom forestry.

I chose Minsk to study because it is a good city, I like it. Even when I was in the 11th grade, I flew here as a tourist and was satisfied. There are too many bans in Ashgabat: now, because of the Asian Games, you can’t go out into the city without a passport after 23:00, there are difficulties with the Internet, dry law, smoking is prohibited in the city - we have a sports country.

In Minsk, I study on a paid basis. Passed the Russian perfectly - and entered. I have a Russian-speaking family, all my life we ​​spoke Russian. I also know Turkmen - national, and English.

It is easy for a foreigner to get a place in a hostel: it is enough to pay $500 per year. I live in a "four", we have a block type, in each block there are two rooms - for three and two people. Now I live alone in a "kopeck piece". I don't go to clubs, it's not mine. I'd rather go for a walk in the park with my friends.

Minsk is neither expensive nor cheap for me, almost the same as Ashgabat, nothing supernatural. So far, I have not tried to earn extra money, my parents help me. Enough for life. When I graduate from the university, I will return to Ashgabat, as my education is valued there, and technologists are needed. With my specialty in Turkmenistan, you can easily earn about $800-1000. And our average salaries are the same as in Belarus - $300-350.

Vlad, 17 years old, freshman of the BSU Mekhmat, came from Vitebsk:

I entered the budget with 356 points: these are three CTs, plus the average mark of the certificate. CT went like clockwork for me, because my school in Vitebsk had very good teachers. In addition, the 10th and 11th grades were specialized for us. On the third rehearsal testing, we were scared with difficult tasks, but on the CT everything was easier. I rather worked myself up emotionally, but there was nothing complicated in the tasks themselves.

I immediately chose my university and specialty. I read about computer mathematics and system analysis - and that’s all, I didn’t even consider other options, it sunk into my soul. Set a goal and move on.

At the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics of the Belarusian State University, all non-residents who need a hostel are allocated places. There are no problems with this at all. It was enough to make a fluorography and a photo. You just need to stand in line, but this problem is everywhere.

I have already corresponded with the person who will live with me in the same room, I found out what and how. It was easy. We have organized groups on social networks on the course, where you can easily find out everything: where you will live, with whom. You can even sign up for a specific room if you wish.

In my first year, I'm not going to work. The scholarship will be enough, and my parents are very good, they will help in this regard. The reason why I do not want to work now is fundamental: it will interfere with my studies. Yes, many of them work full-time at the Mechanics and Mathematics, but starting from the third year, not earlier. The teachers themselves, as well as the dean, deputy dean, said that it was very undesirable to work in the first year. On the third or fourth - please. But it's better to learn first. I accepted this belief as the main one.

Food is a student's trouble.

Student years, to tell the truth, are hungry years. Many students, coming from other cities, settle in student hostels. From this moment until almost the end of the training, the student remains hungry. Food seems to be moving into the category of luxury, available only on major holidays. Many students are very dismissive of their nutrition during their student years, and this, as practice shows, is in vain.

Why do students eat poorly in the hostel?

All student troubles come from the following:

1. Lack of time.

It takes at least 1-1.5 hours to prepare a normal lunch or dinner. What kind of luxury you say? And you will be absolutely right! Today the day is scheduled almost by the minute, everyone has a lot to do. A student who studies well also has limited free time. He either simply does not take time to cook food, eating in cafes or different canteens, or takes an insignificant period of time during which you can only have time to cook something, a la dumplings or pasta.

2. Lack of money.

Many young people and girls simply do not have free money to buy the normal components of healthy meals. Moreover, many of the students have money as such (it would be strange, but what would they live on then), it’s just that the money allocated by parents to feed their daughters and sons, students spend on more, from their point of view, “useful” things , such as going to the cinema or just saving up for a Prado handbag. This is what many young people do.

3. Laziness.

But still, probably, one of the main reasons for the hungry life of a student is laziness. After a hard day at school, sometimes you just want to get home and lie down on the bed as soon as possible, otherwise your legs don’t hold. Moreover, it is now spring and the weather is very changeable, hence the fatigue.

When you have a little rest and seem to be ready to cook something tasty, it is sure (as it usually always happens), a friend or girlfriend will definitely look into your room, which will naturally distract you from the idea of ​​​​cooking yourself normal food. Instead, you make yourself some hastily sandwich, drink liquid yogurt, take a sip of juice and seem to be already full. Duck then why, one wonders, smoke over the stove, if you can eat quickly, conveniently and satisfyingly?

After all, it is so and so you can really do it when you do not have enough time. However, do not get carried away with various kinds of snacks. From this your body is not delighted, believe me. This is about the same if you went out in the morning to study in whatever you got and went to the subway, say, in slippers. Would you like to feel comfortable among people?

Not? This is what you do with your stomach, believing that he, the brother, will endure everything. It endures, but until a certain point, which is called a stomach ulcer. And do not think that this disease will certainly not affect you. According to statistics, more than half of young people in Russia suffer from stomach ulcers. All right, when people of age cling to different sores.

But you are young. You want to reach great heights in life and fulfill yourself, don't you? However, with a disease obtained in youth (and stupidly), your self-realization will be limited to various clinics and hospitals, in which you will be a regular client with a stomach ulcer. If you are afraid of this kind of prospect, we will give you some sound advice on how not to spoil your stomach in your student years and eat normal food.

Tip #1: Learn to cook normal food.

Probably everyone can cook dumplings and fry eggs by the age of 20. However, making something more serious, like baked chicken with potatoes or some other gourmet dish, is already the lot of the few. Who can help you improve your cooking skills? If you are a girl, it is naturally easier for you, because at school you were taught at least some basics of the “royal” cuisine.

But let the guys not despair, but act as follows. The next time you're home for a vacation or weekend, ask your moms and grandmas about how they cook. Watch the sequence of their actions. Try to help prepare the food. And before leaving back to the hostel, take a few recipes for the most simple and relatively short-term cooking dishes. Your moms, we think. happy to share their secrets with you.

Tip #2: Prepare food in the evening.

Since you don’t have time to make your own food after school, then you just need to learn how to cook for yourself in order to come tired and hungry from the university and just warm up your already prepared lunch or dinner. Moreover, this will no longer be any semi-finished product, but normal food, provided, of course, that you know how to cook normally (see Tip 1). The main thing at the same time is that someone does not eat your food instead of you!

Tip #3: Take turns cooking.

If you live in a hostel, then you live with roommates. Let's tell you a big secret they have exactly the same nutritional problems. So isn't it easier to solve a common problem together? Get together and decide who will cook on which day. This will significantly improve the quality of the food you eat (if, of course, your neighbors also know how to cook properly).

If you eat "at the common table", then, in addition to the benefits of eating, you will also have benefits from spending money on food. After all, eating together involves spending money on food together. So even if you want to eat more good food than you should, you will be limited by your contribution and remorse. Therefore, the most important thing here is to initially determine the necessary expenses for food, that later there were no problems, that someone did not eat enough, etc.

Tip #4: Eat only in trusted establishments.

If you can't follow any of the above tips, then here's another, more expensive, but most viable. Surely you know a couple of students who live in a hostel more than you do. Therefore, these people are more aware of the "edible" establishments around or inside your campus. Do not be lazy, ask them about public catering, where you can eat well and not get poisoned.

Senior students understand you better than others, since they themselves have recently been in a similar position (some are still as hungry as you are). Only, of course, we do not mean food like BicMacs and french fries, but good, fairly high-quality food that is not harmful to your young body.

What do we mean by quality food? Firstly, NECESSARILY: soup (any), except soup b / n, the second (stewed potatoes, pasta in the Navy, salads), tea, compote (without any Coca-Cola!). For dinner, there should be something not very fatty, something like cabbage rolls or mashed potatoes with sausages. Do not eat too much at night - it is unhealthy. As you can see, we are not telling you to eat fancy food in restaurants. No. We just want you to eat maybe more modest, but most importantly healthy food.

Healthy food = homemade food.

It is unlikely that at home your mother fed you French fries with cola every day. Therefore, remember what you ate at home, try to cook or, in extreme cases, buy food that is similar to your home diet.

The main thing - do not eat large quantities of fast food, various "beps", and all sorts of lemonades. Remember, what you eat is what your body uses for its needs. Therefore, you should not poison him already at a young age, especially if you have an alternative, what to eat and in what quantities. Young people, for the most part, think little about their health in their younger years. Many have been drilled into their heads that drugs, alcohol and cigarettes are bad. But junk food is also bad.

The more you drink lemonade or eat fast food, the faster you can develop stomach problems. We do not urge you to completely abandon such food. No. We just want to let you know that a lot of unhealthy food is bad for your health. One glass of cola per week is the maximum. And don't make excuses that you don't have time to eat properly. This kind of excuse, in the future, will require a big payback - payback with your health.

Be full and healthy!