Baby goat Dymkovo toy. How to prepare a modeling lesson in a senior group on the topic “Dymkovo toy: deer and goat”
Artistic activity. Drawing.
"Dymkovo goat"
Lesson notes for the senior group.Program content
:- Continue to develop the ability to create decorative compositions based on Dymkovo patterns;
- continue to teach children to draw narrow lines and dots using the end of the brush bristles;
- strengthen the ability to cleanly rinse a brush before using paint of a different color;
- use in drawing certain colors used in Dymkovo painting;
- cultivate interest and love for folk art.
Dictionary : Dymkovo toy, horse, elegant, joyful, cheerful, festive.
Preliminary work:
1. Conversations about the Dymkovo toy, about the features of the pattern, composition, color combination
2. Examination of decorative and applied arts products
3. Drawing elements of Dymkovo painting
Equipment and material : illustrations depicting Dymkovo toys; samples of patterns on sheets A – 4; postcards for each child with a cut out figurine of a goat; palette with six colors: red, yellow, green, blue, purple, orange; jars of water, brushes No. 3, napkins, stands for brushes.
Individual work : Continue learning to paint with the end of the brush.
Form of organization:
1. Children sit in a semicircle in front of easels with illustrations of Dymkovo toys
2. Working at tables
3. Children stand around the table: analysis of children's work.
Progress of the lesson:
1. Organizing time. Guys, listen to one story.“The Dymkovo young lady grew up with Dymkovo goats. They grazed in a green meadow, and the Dymkovo shepherd watched them. One fine day, when the goats were grazing in the meadow, it began to rain very heavily and washed away the pattern on the Dymkovo goats. The Dymkovo shepherdess and young lady were very upset.”They ask us for help. They want you to draw a pattern on the goats. Do you agree to help them?2 . Examination. We look at pattern samples: what shapes are used? What color are the circles? What's inside the circle? (small circle or dot) How do we draw a dot? (touch with the end of the brush). Where is black used? (on the hooves, on the horns) What is the pattern on the body? What colors are used?3. Goal repeat. Today we will draw a pattern on the Dymkovo goat.
4. Show with explanation.
Using the end of the brush, draw a large circle inside this circle, place a dot of a different color, and also draw an eye. We decorate the nose and hooves with the end of the brush
5. Reminder. Using the end of the brush, draw a pattern on the Dymkovo goat.
6. Reminder to work carefully.
I monitor the children’s posture while working.
7. Summary of the lesson. Please note that everyone got the job done – the goats turned out very beautiful!
Dymkovo animals. Senior group.
Tasks:Continue to strengthen the ability to decorate the silhouette of an animal with a Dymkovo pattern; skills of drawing thin straight lines, wavy lines, rings, dots with the end of a brush; skill in constructing a composition of a pattern in animal painting (arranging the pattern in vertical rows); choose a color combination characteristic of Dymkovo painting. Develop imagination.
Material:Illustrations and toys of Dymkovo animals, the lady-hostess, the Gorodets horse. Silhouettes of goats, horses, deer, rams, piglets. Gouache, soft brushes. Tables of elements of Dymkovo painting.
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Previous work: Examination of Dymkovo toys. Design of the exhibition “Motley Round Dance” (from photo illustrations)
Progress of the lesson:
Our guest today is the Dymkovo lady, the hostess, she has a rich household: a duck, a pig, a goat, a bull, a horse, and a fawn, but she doesn’t want to take this horse (Gorodets) to her place. Why do you think?
Children tell the differences between the patterns of the Gorodets horse and the Dymkovo animals.
Let's paint the Dymkovo animals for our guest today?
I cut it out goats, horses, deer, rams, piglets. Everyone will choose one animal and decorate it with a Dymkovo pattern. To make the animals beautiful and the owner to accept them, I will show you how best to work:
- paint the face, ears, hooves, etc.
- draw large patterns (circles, rings, lines) in vertical rows. In a piglet - horizontal.
- add small patterns (dots, dashes). Paying attention to the vertical position of the brush while drawing.
Physical exercise.
We repeat all the warm-up movements without hesitation!
Hey! They jumped on the spot.
Eh! We wave our hands together.
Ehe-heh! The backs were bent,
We looked at the shoes.
Hey - hey! Bent down lower
We leaned closer to the floor.
Sit down deftly.
We need skill in this.
What did you like, my friend?
Let's continue drawing again!
Children's work.
Rating: 2-3 children help the lady hostess choose the most beautiful animals and tell why they liked them.
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Municipal Budgetary Preschool Educational Institution
General developmental kindergarten No. 49 of the Education Committee
Administration of the urban district of Kamyshin
Lesson notes for the senior group. Productive activity. Topic: “Sculpting a lamb based on Dymkovo toys.”
Teacher of senior group No. 6:
Romanyuk Olesya Dmitrievna
Kamyshin, 2015
2 Lesson notes for the senior group. Productive activity. Topic: “Sculpting a lamb based on Dymkovo toys.”
Goals:
Enrich and expand children's artistic experience. Develop the ability to work with plasticine. Systematize and consolidate children’s knowledge about folk arts and crafts. Develop creative abilities. Cultivate a respectful attitude towards folk craftsmen. Activate adjectives in children's speech.
Material:
Dymkovo toys, “lamb” - sample, paper figures: circles, rings, dots, stripes, etc.; tables depicting elements of Dymkovo painting; album for children's creativity by I. A. Lykova “Dymkovo Toy”, diagram showing the method of modeling; For each child: plasticine, glass, water, napkins.
Program content:
Continue to introduce children to the original Russian craft of toy making; consolidate knowledge of the characteristic features of Dymkovo painting. To consolidate ideas about the process of creating toys. Develop a desire to sculpt a toy with your own hands. Strengthen the ability to maintain the proportional relationship of parts, evenly and beautifully install the figurine on the stand.
3 Learn to identify elements of painting, its color, motifs and pattern composition on products; develop aesthetic taste, cultivate interest in the life and customs of Russia; learn to see the expressiveness of the form of a toy, learn to sculpt a ram from a cylinder using the technique of cutting on both sides and pulling the plasticine away from a common piece; learn to decorate the sculpted “lambs” of the Dymkovo toy: circles, spots, dots, straight and wavy lines. Preliminary work: Conversation about Dymkovo toys, examination of painting elements; paper figures: circles, rings, dots, stripes, etc.; tables depicting elements of Dymkovo painting; album for children's creativity by I. A. Lykova “Dymkovo Toy”, diagram showing the method of modeling; Drawing Dymkovo patterns, painting paper silhouettes. Reading poems, riddles about folk crafts. Learning by heart nursery rhymes about Dymkovo toys.
Progress of the lesson:
From the high bank of the Vyatka River, on which the city of Vyatka has long stood (now it is called Kirov, you can see the village of Dymkovo. Why is it called that? In the old days - both in winter, when the stoves were heated, and in summer, when there was fog, this village was like a light haze shrouded. Here, in ancient times, a toy was born, which was called “Dymkovo”... At first there were only whistles. All winter, Dymkovo craftswomen sculpted them for the fair. From a small clay ball with holes, the whistle turned into a duck, then a cockerel, then in the skate. And now on the trays and counters of the crowded spring fair they sell funny goods. Adults and children eagerly take them apart.
4 And in our time in Vyatka, which is now called the city of Kirov, there are workshops of the famous Dymkovo toys. And they make not only whistles there. If we go into these workshops, we will immediately see piles and bags of clay, boxes of paints, boxes of eggs. All this is needed to create a miracle. Fairytale horses, turkeys that look like firebirds, sheep in pants, ladies and gentlemen, carousels, etc. The sculpted figures are dried for several days, then fired in special ovens. After firing, they are whitened with chalk diluted in milk, then they begin to paint them with elegant patterns: circles, straight and wavy stripes, checkered patterns, spots, dots. The colors are crimson, red, green, yellow, orange, blue - colorful and fun, like in a round dance! Today we will sculpt the Dymkovo toy - a lamb, like real masters. Listen to the story by K. D. Ushinsky “The Horse”: “The horse snores, spins its ears, moves its eyes, gnaws the bit, bends its neck like a swan, digs the ground with its hoof. The mane is wavy on the neck, the tail is a pipe at the back, there are bangs between the ears, and a brush on the legs; the wool shines silver. There is a bit in the mouth, a saddle on the back, golden stirrups, steel horseshoes. Sit down and go! To distant lands, to the thirtieth kingdom! The horse runs, the earth trembles, foam comes out of the mouth, steam comes out of the nostrils.” The teacher invites the children to look again at the Dymkovo ram toy and determine the best way to mold it. He clarifies the children’s answers and advises them to try to make a horse the way folk craftsmen do. First you need to create the initial cylinder shape (roll out with straight movements of your palms). We cut one end of the roller (cylinder) a third of the length with a stack, pulling off the resulting parts and make a neck with a head from one part, and legs from the other. Raise your neck up a little
5 bend to form a head. We make the legs from another part: we cut the stack into two equal parts, each of which is pulled back and rounded. We stretch the other end of the roller (cylinder) slightly so that the hind legs are the same length as the front ones. Based on the same shape, you can create any figurine: a horse, a ram, a goat, a cow, a deer, etc. For the ram we will make cool horns and a wreath of bangs. Children begin to work, looking at the diagram of the method of sculpting a ram based on folk sculpture. The teacher shows the basic methods of modeling and encourages children to create independently. As the lesson progresses, he helps children with advice, individual demonstrations, and guiding questions. Now let's rest a little. Our rest is a physical training minute, I ask you to get up - that’s “one”, Turning your head is “two”,
6 Hands to the side, forward, look at this “three”. On “four” – jump. Pressing two hands to your shoulders is a “high five.” All the guys sit down quietly - this is “six”. The teacher invites the children to complete the figurine so that it becomes a beautiful ram: “Children, let’s decorate the sculpted figurine so that it becomes a beautiful ram. We look at it from all sides and smooth it out. Let's make cool horns and wreath bangs for the ram. You can complicate the details, mold the hooves and muzzle of the figure from black plasticine; Consider all the sculpted crafts, highlight the most successful ones and combine them into the collective composition “Merry Carousel”.
Modeling classes in the senior group are designed not only to shape the aesthetic tastes of children and develop fine motor skills, but also to introduce children to examples of folk and applied art. An example of one such activity is the creation of Dymkovo toys with characteristic paintings. Let's consider the important nuances of the work using the example of the topic “Dymkovo toy: deer and goat,” as well as the technology for making crafts.
Preparing for a lesson in sculpting donkeys and other toys in the senior group
In the senior preschool group, children are already quite independent in order to help prepare everything necessary for creative activities, however, the substantive aspects of this work must be thought out and clearly planned by the teacher.
Modeling method
Children in the older group practice the combined method of modeling, when parts can be made separately and then combined into a single composition (constructive method), as well as when the entire craft is made from one piece of plasticine (sculptural method). However, to make a donkey, it is preferable to use the sculptural method, since it makes it possible to give the desired shape to each part that turns into another. For Dymkovo toys this is of key importance, because initially whistles were made using this method. And for them it is important to bend and bend the elements correctly so that the sound comes out.
Techniques
As for modeling techniques, in the junior and middle groups the kids have already become familiar with all the basic techniques for creating molded structures, so it’s time to practice their skills
- rolling out “balls”;
- rolling “sausages”;
- pressing indentations on the mold;
- flattening “pancakes”;
- pinching pieces with two fingers;
- pulling an element from a piece of base;
- accessions;
- smearing parts onto the base;
- pinching without flattening;
- stretching elements, but maintaining the original shape;
- smoothing the transitions of elements into each other.
What can children do?
This is interesting. Dymkovo painting takes its name from the place where this craft originated - the settlement of Dymkovo, near the city of Kirov, more than 4 centuries ago. The painting of the Dymkovo toy has its own “handwriting”, which is characterized not only by the strict form of the ornament, but also by the predominance of a certain spectrum of colors. Straight and wavy lines, diamonds, large circles, dots - all these elements are located on the lower background, in such a way that they contrast very much with each other. And the very form of these elements subtextually speaks of some kind of amulets. Each toy is hand-painted, so the soul of the artist is always present in it, and it is impossible to find two absolutely identical Dymkovo toys.
Children aged 5–6 years old can make crafts based on the Dymkovo toy independently, with minimal help from an adult (as a rule, this is required at the stage when individual parts need to be smeared onto the base). If a toy (in particular, a deer) is created in a sculptural way, then in this case help may be required at the stage of distributing the material to parts of the figure’s body. In some kindergartens there is the opportunity to practice clay modeling, which implies a slightly different system of work, and, therefore, greater involvement of an adult in the creative process of children. The same situation is typical for those cases when the modeling of Dymkovo toys is made from polymer clay. All these materials have different plasticity and different methods of drying finished products, which also implies different methods of modeling. As for plasticine, it is a universal material for children’s creativity, allowing children to show independence and a certain professionalism in working with it.
Do I need to color it?
If the craft is made of clay, then it must be painted, since the material can crack without coating, and plasticine is well preserved even without a layer of paint.
The main distinguishing feature of Dymkovo toys is the unique painting done in bright colors. Products must contain red, yellow, blue, orange and green colors. Combinations of lines, dots, and stripes also imply the presence of white fields. Thus, the background for coloring should be white. When working with plasticine, this is very easy to achieve: you need to paint the finished craft with white gouache, let it dry, and only then apply a bright pattern with paints (gouache). Painting or decorating a craft with plasticine is a question that the teacher decides based on the level of preparedness of the children, the time allotted for completing the work and specific tasks that are solved in a separate lesson.
How to implement an individual approach?
While preoccupied with the technical intricacies of making the Dymkovo toy, we must not forget about the educational orientation of the activity. This is especially true when it comes to implementing an individual approach to work. Typically, the process of determining the level of difficulty determines how much the child is able to cope with the task without outside help. And in this matter, everything depends on the child’s level of development, his temperament, and abilities. In general, creative tasks can be differentiated as follows:
- if the little one can’t color, then you need to help him;
- those children who quickly cope with rolling workpieces can help those who are less agile;
- The little ones can be invited to make their own painting using Dymkovo colors or, conversely, working with classic patterns, apply shades to their taste, etc.
Goals and objectives of the lesson
The program content of a modeling lesson on the theme of the Dymkovo toy involves
- systematization and consolidation of knowledge about folk applied art of the Vyatka region;
- development of creative abilities;
- instilling pride and respect for the peoples inhabiting the country.
The tasks can be identified
- teaching children to create crafts based on the Dymkovo ones;
- train constructive and combined methods of modeling;
- work on children’s active vocabulary (in particular, expanding the set of adjectives used in speech);
- continued development of the ability to carefully work with plastic material;
- cultivate the desire to solve the assigned creative task independently (regarding the choice of decorative elements);
- encourage creativity and initiative.
Options for crafts based on Dymkovo motifs
This is interesting. Oleshek is a baby deer, fawn.
In the older group, in addition to the deer, children can create
- goat;
- young lady.
Children usually sculpt the Dymkovo duck and horse in the middle group. True, the elements of painting were either not used or were used in a simplified form. In the older group, these same crafts can become more complicated due to more intricate painting.
How to fill the lesson with content?
Motivation
One of the most important stages of preparing a lesson is searching for techniques that set children up for work. Among these ways to interest kids, there are several.
Visibility
Since the topic of the lesson involves creating crafts in the spirit of a certain area, the visual aids must include
- Pictures;
- photo;
- ready-made toys (it is very important that the little ones see real toys in front of them - this way they will be able to get a complete impression of the craft, and also learn how to do such painting on their own;
- images of variants of Dymkovo painting;
- presentations demonstrating not only the variety of crafts, but also the procedure for working on a toy.
Video: presentation “Dymkovo Toy”
The legend of the Dymkovo whistle
One of the objectives of the lesson on modeling Dymkovo toys is to continue the acquaintance, begun in the middle group, with the origins of the Dymkovo craft. As an interesting technique for motivating little creators, you can suggest listening to the legend about the whistles of the Dymkovo settlement.
| <…Рассказывают, будто началось все с беды: подступили к городу враги. Городу грозила неминуемая гибель. Тогда вятичи измыслили хитрость. Все жители города, даже малые дети, взяли по глиняной свистульке, и, подкравшись ночью к вражескому стану, подняли отчаянный свист. Так, наверное, свистел сказочный Соловей - Разбойник, от свиста которого отлетали маковки на теремах и качались деревья. Обрушилась «с молодецким свистом-посвистом» малая дружина вятичей и врагов осилила. С тех пор и отмечают горожане каждую весну народный праздник - ярмарку. Ярмарку-свистунью, шумную, яркую, такую цветную, что глазам больно. И ни один праздник не обходится без глиняных игрушек. Дома руки мастера разминали послушный комок глины, а память оживляла впечатления шумного, яркого праздника… и всю долгую зиму вились над избами слободы голубые дымки: крестьяне-мастера обжигали в русской печи свои игрушки к весенней ярмарке-свистунье…> |
Poems
Rhymed lines have an organizing effect on children: noisy and restless, they immediately switch to the plot of what they heard. Especially if this is the “we have received a letter” technique, describing a situation from which you can only get out with the help of the children.
Songs
Considering the fact that without the teacher’s story, children will not be able to fully understand the essence of the task, it is important to make sure that the children plunge into the atmosphere of the time when the Dymkovo toy was born and developed. To do this, you can listen to the songs “Lady” and “Oh, frost, frost.”
Conversation
It is simply impossible not to use this technique. A conversation with the children can also concern the content of what they saw and heard about the toy, and can be conducted in the form of questions and answers based on existing knowledge acquired in the middle group and repeated in the form of a presentation or video.
- “What is the essence of Dymkovo toys?”
- “What colors predominate in coloring?”
- “What is a deer?” etc.
Scheme for drawing up lesson notes
No matter what craft the children create, the timing of the lesson remains the same.
- Introductory part - 5 minutes. The teacher talks about the history of folk art, Dymkovo toys, shows pictures, selects musical accompaniment, formulates questions for the children - that is, motivates the children.
- The main part of the lesson is 20 minutes. The teacher explains the progress of work on the craft, and the children begin to complete it. This stage necessarily includes a break for finger exercises and physical education.
- The final part is 5 minutes. The teacher thanks the kids for their productive work and asks questions for reflection (“Do you like your craft?”, “Which craft do you think is the most beautiful?”, “Why?”, “What didn’t work out for you?”, “Did you like the lesson?” etc).
This is interesting. If you intend to make a painted craft, then the topic must be divided into 2 lessons, since the base, primed with paint, will need to dry before applying patterns to it. In this case, the outline of the notes and timing will remain the same.
Working on crafts based on Dymkovo motifs
Let's make a deer
To create the deer, a combined sculpting method is used, but, nevertheless, the basis is sculptural, that is, kids sculpt parts of the figurine from a single piece.
Instructions:
- “From a piece of plasticine (you can combine the leftovers after doing other crafts into one ball) we roll 2 sausages (thick and slightly thinner) - these are blanks for the body and head with neck.”
- “We form the body and legs from the thicker one. To do this, we make cuts along 1/3 of the entire length at both ends.”
- “We smooth out the resulting elements into cylinders.”
- “We bend the figure slightly in the middle, placing it on its legs.”
- “We cut a small segment of the second sausage with a stack diagonally.”
- “We apply the place of the incision to the body and smooth out the transitions.”
- “We take small pieces of plasticine for the ears. We form a ball, and then roll up small thick sausages, stretching out one part so that the figure begins to resemble a three-dimensional triangle.”
- “We attach the ears to the head, smooth out the transitions well.”
- “We roll up the sausage, bend it in the middle and attach it between the ears - these are the horns.”
- “We complement the deer with a small tail. To do this, we roll up a thin sausage and attach it to the body, smoothing out the junction.”
This is interesting. Since the craft will still be painted, the horns, ears and tail should not be thin, otherwise they will break when applying paint.
Let's start painting.
Instructions:
- “Dip the workpiece into a bowl with white gouache.”
- “Let’s get a craft” (it’s better if an adult does this).
- Let it dry and apply the selected design with gouache.
Example of lesson notes
Vedernikova Natalya Summary of a modeling lesson in the senior group based on Dymkovo toys “Oleshek” (fragments)
| <…Беседа с детьми Педагог: Ребята, хотите отправиться в мастерскую дымковских игрушек? Дети: Хотим! Педагог: Так давайте полетим. На чём летают в сказках? (дети предлагают варианты ответов.) Педагог: - Предлагаю воспользоваться ковром-самолётом. На нём мы все сможем уместиться (приглашает детей сесть на ковёр). Педагог: - Все готовы? Ковёр взлетает: Раз, два, три, четыре, пять, Начал наш ковёр взлетать Над полями, над горами, Над высокими лесами. Мы быстрее ветра мчимся, Глядь - и мигом приземлимся! (открывает декорацию) .2 часть: Рассказ педагога: Рассказ о дымковской игрушке (стихотворение) «Дымковские игрушки» Prepare your ears, kids, This is interesting to know: All about the Dymkovo toy I want to tell you. In Dymkovo, near Vyatka, About four hundred years ago For the holiday of spring, “Whistling”, They were sculpted by young and old. These Vyatka toys Like a rainbow in spring: Look, there's a turkey, The tail is like a painted fan, Long beard Like a sultan, a scallop, Wings with bright eyeliner – All toy like a flower! There's a beautiful young lady nearby, He stands with his arms akimbo; Apron, skirt and kokoshnik: Everything sparkles and burns. Arched black eyebrows Eyes, cheeks, scarlet mouth - Looks like he's waving his hand And immediately he will start dancing. Buffoons, water bearers, Ladies and roosters - They are decorated with stripes, Cells, dots and circles. Red, yellow and green, Scarlet, blue, blue - All colors on a white background This haze painted. Knows folk craft The whole country and the whole world; you saw today This Russian souvenir. Teacher: - Look, we found ourselves in front of a workshop where they make Dymkovo toys. And now I invite you to become masters for a while and invite you to the workshop. Teacher: - But the workshop is closed. To enter it, you need to answer questions. Teacher: - What are they made from? Dymkovo toys? Children: - From clay Teacher: - What other materials are needed? Teacher: - What tools are needed for work? Part 3: The workshop opens. Children enter and sit at their work stations. Teacher: - Check if everything is ready for work? (children answer) Teacher: - Guess my riddle and find out what you will sculpt: Stands on slender legs - All the beauty is in the horns. That's right, that's Oleshek. Teacher: Pay attention to the diagram! (on the poster - samples and techniques sculpting)…> <…Педагог: - Сейчас вы приступаете к работе. Try so that your work is beautiful and neat. A good master's workplace is always clean and tidy. Physical education lesson Teacher: Let’s stretch our fingers before work. We brought clay from a distant hillock (hands on the belt, turns with a spring) Well, let's get to work, miracle masters! (arms forward, to the sides) Blind, dry - and into the oven! (sculpt with “palms”) And then we’ll paint (fingers with a pinch, draw wavy lines) We will toys“stove” (molded with “palms”) The stove is glowing with heat. (fists clench and unclench) But in the oven there are no rolls, (waving the index finger) But in the oven - toys! (hands forward) Teacher: - Before starting work, let's say the following words: “I will sit up straight, I will not bend, I will get to work.” Teacher: - Now you can start working. Independent work. Teacher: - And now I’ll see whose fingers are the most dexterous and skillful. Children begin to work, the teacher monitors the work, advises, and shows working techniques. Part 4: Summary classes. Analysis of works. The children finish their work, wipe their hands, and place the reindeer on the stand. Teacher: - Let's see how our masters coped with the work. Teacher: - Is everything ok toys? Teacher: - Whose work do you like the most? Why? Teacher: - What the neatest toy? Teacher: - Well, guys! We learned a lot of interesting things in Dymkovskaya Sloboda, met with toys, tried themselves as masters. It's time for us to go back. Sit down on the carpet quickly. Another minute - and he will leave the ground. Children sit on the carpet - an airplane. Teacher: - One, two, three! Fly! Teacher: - Repeat after me the farewell words: We about Dymkovo toy We will remember it more than once. And now, friends - girlfriends, We will finish our story...> |
Photo gallery: ready-made children's crafts
You need to paint the craft only after the first layer of paint, that is, the primer, has dried well, otherwise the painting will flow. Some options for making an oleshka involve large branched horns. Due to its age, the oleshka may not rest firmly on its legs
Let's make a goat
As an option for making a Dymkovo toy, you can invite kids to make a goat. When getting acquainted with domestic animals (or after studying the fairy tale “The Wolf and the Seven Little Goats”) in the junior and middle groups, the children were already making a kid. The technique will be the same, only the Dymkovo toy has large horns. Also, sculpting the torso, limbs, head and tail will be similar to how we made the deer. Let's dwell on the creation of these largest horns and ears.
Instructions:
- “Roll two long sausages.”
- “We bend them in a circle, but leaving one end free.”
- “We stick this edge to the head.”
- Repeat for the second horn.
- “We form 2 balls from 2 small pieces of plasticine and make pancakes from them.”
- “We pinch the workpiece, grabbing it along the edge of the circle, so that we get a spatula.”
- “We apply the narrow part to the head in the place where the horns are attached.”
- “We sharpen the goat’s muzzle a little, slightly extending it for this purpose.”
An example of a lesson plan for sculpting a Dymkovo goat
| <…Организационный момент (1–2 мин.) - Look guys, a goat came to visit us. What is he like? - Goat, steep-horned goat, He has a strict character. His pants are on his feet, Enjoy it kids! - Do you know that the goat has friends, do you want to meet them? Answer the questions: - A beautiful goat. - We'd like to meet you.
Guys, look at the pictures, you see goat toys in them, what are they?
Let's take plasticine in our hands,
Take one piece of plasticine in your hands and knead it.
A duck walks in a skirt
What toy did you meet today, what is it called? Stages of work on other toys based on Dymkovo motifshorseModeling a horse figurine is no different from creating a deer. Even their ears will be the same. But the horse needs a mane and tail. In addition, painting on the toy can also be done from plasticine. Instructions:
Young ladyThis craft is also painted with plasticine, which saves time on painting and drying the workpiece. Instructions:
Photo gallery: toys based on DymkovoYou can create entire compositions from crafts, for example, a meeting of 3 young ladies. You can give the mane and tail a wavy shape using stacks. If you don’t bend the body too much, the figure will look like a gallop. Video: sculpting a young lady based on the Dymkovo toyVideo: how to make a Dymkovo horseModeling in the senior group is intended not only to practice the already mastered skills of this type of creativity, but also to introduce children to applied art and introduce them to the best examples of folk art. For the older group, creating crafts based on Dymkovo toys can be divided into two classes if the product is supposed to be painted. If coloring is not planned, or plasticine is used for decoration, then you can limit yourself to one. In any case, the teacher is required to have a clearly thought-out structure of the lesson, well-written explanations of the procedure for completing the craft, as well as an interesting and lively story about art with a 400-year history. |
Educational field "Artistic creativity"
Goal: to form interest and aesthetic attitude towards objects of folk arts and crafts
Tasks:
Expand children's knowledge about the characteristics of the Dymkovo craft, the craftsmen of the peoples of Russia, develop cognitive interest, artistic creativity, and imagination
continue to get acquainted with the Dymkovo craft (toys), painting, its color, features
development of productive activity (sculpting) of children
continue to introduce the features of decorative modeling
to form interest and aesthetic attitude towards objects of folk arts and crafts
consolidate the ability to sculpt an animal according to the type of Dymkovo toys (torso and legs from a whole piece), conveying their characteristic features
develop the ability to decorate objects of decorative art with patterns, decorate them with molds
develop the ability to smooth out unevenness of the assembled image
cultivate love and respect for the creativity of folk artists
Progress of direct educational activities:
To the accompaniment of Russian folk music, the Peddler enters with a tray on which there are Dymkovo toys.
Peddler:
They are sleeping near the highway in the gray frost,
The trees are sleeping, the river, frozen in ice, is sleeping.
The snow falls softly and blue smoke curls.
Smoke comes out of the chimneys in a column, as if everything is in a haze.
They called the blue distance and the big village “Dymkovo”!
People loved songs and dances there, and miracles were born in the village - fairy tales,
The evenings are long in winter, and they sculpted there from clay
All the toys are not simple, but magically painted.
Snow-white, like birch trees, circles, cells, stripes -
It seemed like a simple pattern, but I couldn’t look away.
And the glory went about the “haze”, having earned the right to do so,
They talk about her everywhere, an amazing miracle!
Educator: Hello, Peddler! Why did you come to us?
Peddler: I was at a fair in the Russian village of Dymkovo.
Far, far away, behind dense forests, behind green fields, on the banks of a blue river stands a large village.
Sloboda Dymkovo near Vyatka. There were many houses in the village. Cheerful and mischievous people lived in that village. They loved to sculpt funny, bright, colorful toys and whistles. They will make a lot of them over the long winter. And when the golden spring sun rises in the sky, the snow runs away from the fields, cheerful people bring out their cheerful toys and, well, whistle - drive away winter, glorify spring. Funny toys were sold in different cities and villages. And after this name, the village and toys began to be called Dymkovo. This village is famous throughout the world for its famous toy.
Look how many of them I have. And horses, and lambs, and goats, and peacocks, and ducks, and cockerels and many others. Do you know what the toys were made from?
The children answer.
Peddler: That's right, they sculpted from clay. They will stick it on, dry it and put it in the oven so that they are so hardened, strong and not afraid of water.
Educator: We know that the village got its name from the fact that when the craftsmen dried their clay crafts in the oven, smoke curled from the chimneys over the roofs.
Peddler: That’s right, that’s how the village was named – Dymkovo. Then the toys were whitened with whitewash and they became white as snow. Then they began to paint them. Do you think these toys were sculpted and painted by happy or sad artists? How did they convey their mood to us?
The children answer.
Take a toy each.
Educator: Hold them carefully, look carefully. What patterns did the masters use to paint them?
Let's tell it one by one using a plan.
What's your toy?
What color is it?
What pattern is shown on it?
What color are the circles and stripes drawn in?
What mood did the toy give you?
Peddler: How interesting you told me! I was at the fair, and there was noise and fun. So I want to play a Russian folk game with you.
Uncle Tryphon had seven children,
Seven sons.
They did not drink, did not eat, they looked at each other.
At once they did as I did!
After these words, the driver makes some movement, and all the children repeat this movement. The driver chooses the one who, in his opinion, repeated the movement best and asks the question: “What did you do?” If the chosen one gives the correct answer, he becomes the driver.
Peddler: Guys, do you want to try to make a Dymkovo toy?
Educator: Let's get to work then. Business before pleasure. As is the case in Rus', things work well together, but apart you can’t. Let's sculpt a Dymkovo toy - a deer. How can we mold it, what techniques should we use for this?
The children answer.
Educator: We sculpt the legs and torso from one piece, cut the legs using a stack, shape them, sculpt the head and neck of the deer from a whole piece of plasticine, then the neck smoothly passes into the torso and is smeared on. We pay attention to the proportionality of all parts of the deer’s body. Don’t forget about the deer’s antlers; they have branches. To make the toy fun and elegant, we decorate it with stucco molding and a Dymkovo pattern. Select the color of plasticine for the pattern. Guys, how should you work with plasticine so that your workplace and clothes are in order? What should you do after working with plasticine?
The children answer.
Educator: Now let’s warm up before work.
Fingers
This is the thickest finger I have, bend and straighten the thumb.
This is the most dexterous finger I have, we bend and straighten the index finger.
And when a finger dances, they dance with it. We clench and unclench our fists.
all friends.
This is the longest finger I have, bend and straighten the middle finger.
All my friends dance with him. We clench and unclench our fists.
But I have this lazy finger, we bend and straighten the ring finger.
But when a finger dances, they dance with it
all my friends we clench and unclench our fists.
And this finger is my best boy, we bend and unbend the little finger.
All his friends dance with him. We clench and unclench our fists.
All my five fingers are a friendly family. We clench and unclench our fists one by one.
And when they dance, I dance with them! Claps to the rhythm of the text.
Peddler: So we stretched our fingers and got ready for work. And, to make it easier to work, we will listen to a Russian folk melody.
During work, the teacher tries to help children with advice, those who find it difficult to resort to demonstration.
Educator: Look, Peddler, what toys we got. Did you like them?
Peddler: Your Dymkovo deer turned out to be interesting. Let's put it on the tray and see together what we got. The children stand around the table.
Educator: Well, what do you think, did we succeed in making it beautiful and bright, like the Dymkovo masters? Which toy turned out to be the brightest? Which toy do you like best? Where did the pattern turn out to be interesting?
Children express their opinions.
Peddler:
What is Dymkovo famous for?
With his toy.
There is no smoky color in it,
And there is the love of people.
There's something of the rainbow in her,
From drops of dew.
There is something of joy in her,
Thundering like bass.
(V. Fofanov)
“Like the master, so is the work” - that’s what they said in Rus'. Funny, kind craftsmen made these toys. They turned out bright, elegant, and different from each other. At least now they are all going to the fair. I’ll take them with me, show them to other children, and you get sweets. Thank you for your work.
Educator: Come and visit us again. We'll be glad to see you.
An exhibition of works is being organized.
