Spruce - in winter and summer ...
Spruce is a coniferous evergreen tree of the pine family. This is a riddle about her: "Winter and summer in one color." The message will take a closer look at this interesting tree, talk about where it grows and how it is used in the national economy.
Description
A Christmas tree is a slender tree that can grow up to 35 meters high. The first 10 years it grows very slowly - a few cm per year, then the growth rate increases, but after 100-120 years it slows down again. It has a pyramidal (triangular) crown with a sharp top. The branches are located densely along the entire trunk. It is often difficult to see behind spruce paws.
In a young tree, the bark is smooth gray-brown in color; in an old tree, the bark becomes gray and peels off in thin plates. The needles are dark green and shiny, sharp and prickly. The needles are much shorter than those of pine, up to 3 cm long.
They firmly hold on the branches for 7-10 years. But in urban conditions, with strong smoke in the air, the life expectancy of the needles is greatly reduced: it falls off after 3 years.
The root system of spruce is located close to the surface, so a strong wind can knock down a tree.
Spruce is a long-liver, she lives 250-300 years.
Where does it grow
She grows throughout the Northern Hemisphere. It can be found in Central and Northern Europe. It is ubiquitous in Russia: in Siberia, the Urals, the Far East, the Caucasus, in the steppe zone. It also grows in China and Japan.
In total there are 50 kinds oil. The most common: Siberian, European, Caucasian, Canadian, white, red, black.
The Christmas tree is the basis of the taiga. It grows in mixed forests, adjoining well with pine, oak, linden, aspen, hazel. It also forms pure spruce forests, which have a number of features:
- it is damp and dark here;
- the soil is completely covered with moss;
- dense thickets of blueberries, lingonberries, oxalis, cuckoo flax grow under spruce paws.
Growing conditions and reproduction
In order for spruce to grow well, it needs the following conditions:
- Shadow. This is a tree not very fond of the sun, young Christmas trees often get sunburned in open places.
- Sufficient hydration. Christmas tree does not tolerate drought well.
- Temperate climate. The wood is cold hardy not afraid of frost but it does not grow well in the southern regions, where the summer is too hot and long,
- The soil should not be too dense, moderately fertile.
Spruce is a monoecious plant. This means that male spikelets and female cones grow on the same tree. Propagated by seeds whose germination is very good. Cones open in late November - early December, the seeds fall out, they are picked up by the wind and spread far around the neighborhood.
In early spring, the seed awakens and begins to grow. The main condition for the sprouts to take root and develop well is a warm spring, because they die during spring frosts.
Use in the national economy
Spruce plantations can often be seen in sanatoriums. Because their needles emit phytoncides that purify and disinfect the air. Also, spruce often becomes the basis of landscapes in personal plots.
Quality musical instruments are made from this tree. Softwood is used to make paper, rayon, and smokeless powder. Get resin, tar, rosin, turpentine.
Fir cones are widely used in folk medicine. Healers believe that the Christmas tree is a donor tree, if you lean against it and stand like that for several minutes, it will give a person energy and strength.
forest guest waiting for the new year kids.
How much joy she brings, filling the house with a special forest smell and pleasing the eye with her beauty!
If this message was useful to you, I would be glad to see you
